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  • Electronic Resource  (31)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stick slip, charge separation and decay (1986)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 124 (1986), S. 601-608 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Induced polarization ; earthquake
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Measurements of charge separation in rock during stable and unstable deformation give unexpectedly large decay times of 50 sec. Time-domain induced polarization experiments on wet and dry rocks give similar decay times and suggest that the same decay mechanisms operate in the induced polarization response as in the relaxation of charge generated by mechanical deformation. These large decay times are attributed to electrochemical processes in the rocks, and they require low-frequency relative permittivity to be very large, in excess of 105. One consequence of large permittivity, and therefore long decay times, is that a significant portion of any electrical charge generated during an earthquake can persist for tens or hundreds of seconds. As a result, electrical disturbances associated with earthquakes should be observable for these lengths of time rather than for the milliseconds previously suggested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00877218
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Relaxation of electric fields induced by mechanical loading in natural dielectrics (1997)
    Springer
    Physics of the solid state 39 (1997), S. 1065-1066 
    Details
    ISSN: 1063-7834
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract An investigation is made of electric fields induced in natural dielectrics by mechanical loading and electrical polarization. It is shown that the relaxation of the polarization is identical in nature for both cases and is basically a thermally activated process. The temperature dependence is obtained for the relaxation time of the electric fields. Also estimated is the activation energy for motion of charge carriers leading to the relaxation of these fields.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/1.1130015
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanically-induced electrical effects in natural dielectrics (1997)
    Springer
    Technical physics letters 23 (1997), S. 126-127 
    Details
    ISSN: 1090-6533
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract An investigation is made of the generation and relaxation of an electric field in natural dielectrics exposed to mechanical loading and applied electric potentials. It is shown that these processes are identical.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1134/1.1261585
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Deformation and failure of polymers in active media (1976)
    Springer
    Materials science 10 (1976), S. 528-531 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-885X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00730074
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of UV radiation on the formation of submicroscopic cracks in polymers under load (1976)
    Springer
    Materials science 11 (1976), S. 466-470 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-885X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00715455
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elasticity of the intercrystallite zones and the mechanical properties of oriented polymers (1969)
    Springer
    Mechanics of composite materials 5 (1969), S. 891-895 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8922
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract As a result of a study of the behavior under load of the elements of the supermolecular structure of oriented amorphous-crystalline polymers it is shown that the stresses on the crystallites and the amorphous zones in series with them in the direction of the chain axes are equal to the mean stress applied to the specimen along the orientation axis. The nature of the elasticity and deformability of the amorphous zones is analyzed. A relation is obtained between the strength properties of oriented polymers and the number of load-carrying chains in the amorphous zones.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00864667
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of submicroscopic crack formation and relaxation phenomena in polymers (1970)
    Springer
    Mechanics of composite materials 6 (1970), S. 329-333 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-8922
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The development of submicrocracks and the changes taking place in their concentration during loading and unloading cycles were studied by the low-angle x-ray scattering method in oriented amorphous-crystalline polymers (capron and polypropylene). The deformation (ε) of the polymers was compared with the changes in submicrocrack concentration (Ncr).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00858188
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinetic micromechanics of polymer fracture (1975)
    Springer
    International journal of fracture 11 (1975), S. 803-815 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2673
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Direct physical methods were used for studying molecular fracture in stressed polymers. The macromolecular ruptures were detected by electron paramagnetic resonance, infrared spectroscopy, and mass spectrometry. Nucleation of incipient submicrocracks was registered by small-angle X-ray scattering and light scattering. All methods were used to study fracture kinetics at different stresses and temperatures. The thermal fluctuation nature of microruptures is verified and the activation energy for the elementary events of polymeric fracture is estimated. This energy coincides with the activation energy for macrorupture evaluated in the study of the lifetime of polymers. Chain chemical reactions of stresses macromolecules disruption are proved to take part in formation of incipient cracks. The main features of the micromechanics of polymer fracture are listed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00012898
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nucleation of submicroscopic cracks in stressed solids (1975)
    Springer
    International journal of fracture 11 (1975), S. 829-840 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2673
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The study of very fine cracks formed in stressed solids was carried out using different types of solids, such as polymers, ionic crystals, and metals. Such methods as small-angle X-ray scattering, light scattering, and electron microscopy were used. Size, form, orientation and concentration of submicrocracks have been estimated. A study of the connection between submicrocracks and the structure of solids and of the kinetics of crack accumulation has been started. The development of the fracture process in solids on the basis of nucleation and successive coalescence of submicrocracks is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00012900
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The micromechanics of polymer fracture (1975)
    Springer
    International journal of fracture 11 (1975), S. 629-639 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2673
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé On étudie la formation de fissures submicroscopiques dans les polymères sous contraintes par la dispersion de rayon X à faible angle d'incidence, et on analyse les principales conditions de formation de la fissure sous des charges différentes. On montre les relations entre la concentration de fissures submicroscopiques et la déformation d'un polymère sous contrainte. On établit les principaux paramètres qui régissent la formation de la fissure, et qui déterminent la résistance d'un polymère, à savoir la dimension des fissures submicroscopiques normales à l'axe de sollicitation, qui dépend de l'hétérogénénté structurale du matériau, et la concentration de fissures submicroscopiques avant la rupture. Par une analyse corrélative de ces paramètres, on peut formuler les principales assertions sur le micromecanisme de la rupture des polymères. Une comparaison des paramètres volumiques et de surface intervenant dans la formation de fissures dans un polymère sous tension permet de démontrer le rôle déterminant que joue la surface dans le processus de la rupture.
    Notes: Abstract Formation of incipient submicroscopic cracks in polymers under load have been studied by small-angle X-ray scattering. The main regularities of crack formation under different loading conditions have been analyzed. The connection between the submicrocrack concentration and the deformation of a stressed polymer has been shown. The main parameters of crack formation defining the strength properties of a polymer, i.e., the size of initial submicrocracks transverse to the axis of loading, which is determined by the structural heterogeneity of a material, and the concentration of submicrocracks before rupture, have been established. The analysis of the quantitative correlation between these parameters allows one to formulate the main statements regarding the micromechanics of polymer fracture. From comparing the volume and surface parameters of crack formation of a stressed polymer, the dominating role of the surface in the process of fracture has been demonstrated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00116370
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