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  • 1995-1999  (3)
  • 1920-1924  (1)
  • 1995  (3)
  • 1922  (1)
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  • 1995-1999  (3)
  • 1920-1924  (1)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Economics of Knock Ratings of Otto-cycle Engine Fuels. (1922)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Chemical reviews 22 (1922), S. 281-310 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6890
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/cr60071a010
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A thermodynamic formulation of hydrous cordierite (1995)
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 119 (1995), S. 155-165 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  A thermodynamic formulation of hydrous Mg-cordierite (Mg2Al4Si5O18⋅nH2O) has been obtained by application of calorimetric and X-ray diffraction data for hydrous cordierite to the results of hydrothermal syntheses. The data include measurements of the molar heat capacity and enthalpy of hydration and the molar volume. The synthesis data are consistent with a thermodynamic formulation in which H2O mixes ideally on a single crystallographic site in hydrous cordierite. The standard molar Gibbs free energy of hydration is −9.5±1.0 kJ/mol (an average of 61 syntheses). The standard molar entropy of hydration derived from this value is −108±3 J/mol-K. An equation providing the H2O content of cordierite as a function of temperature and fugacity of H2O is as follows (n moles of H2O per formula unit, n〈1): n=f  V H2 O/(f V H2 O+exp[−3.8389−5025.2(1T−1298.15) −ln(T298.15)−(298.15T−1)] ) Application of this formulation to the breakdown reaction of Mg-cordierite to an assemblage of pyrope-sillimanite-quartz±H2O shows that cordierite is stabilized by 3 to 3.5 kbar under H2O-saturated conditions. The thermodynamic properties of H2O in cordierite are similar to those of liquid water, with a standard molar enthalpy and Gibbs free energy of hydration that are the same (within experimental uncertainty) as the enthalpy and Gibbs free energy of vaporization. By contrast, most zeolites have Gibbs free energies of hydration two to four times more negative than the corresponding value for the vaporization of water.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004100050033
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A thermodynamic formulation of hydrous cordierite (1995)
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 119 (1995), S. 155-165 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract A thermodynamic formulation of hydrous Mg-cordierite (Mg2Al4Si5O18·nH2O) has been obtained by application of calorimetric and X-ray diffraction data for hydrous cordierite to the results of hydrothermal syntheses. The data include measurements of the molar heat capacity and enthalpy of hydration and the molar volume. The synthesis data are consistent with a thermodynamic formulation in which H2O mixes ideally on a single crystallographic site in hydrous cordierite. The standard molar Gibbs free energy of hydration is-9.5±1.0 kJ/mol (an average of 61 syntheses). The standard molar entropy of hydration derived from this value is-108±3 J/mol-K. An equation providing the H2O content of cordierite as a function of temperature and fugacity of H2O is as follows (n moles of H2O per formula unit, n〈1): $$\begin{gathered}n = {{f_{{\text{ H}}_{\text{2}} O}^{\text{V}} } \mathord{\left/{\vphantom {{f_{{\text{ H}}_{\text{2}} O}^{\text{V}} } {\left( {f_{{\text{ H}}_{\text{2}} O}^{\text{V}} + {\text{exp}}\left[ { - {\text{3}}{\text{.8389}} - 5025.2\left( {\frac{1}{T} - \frac{1}{{298.15}}} \right)} \right.} \right.}}} \right.\kern-\nulldelimiterspace} {\left( {f_{{\text{ H}}_{\text{2}} O}^{\text{V}} + {\text{exp}}\left[ { - {\text{3}}{\text{.8389}} - 5025.2\left( {\frac{1}{T} - \frac{1}{{298.15}}} \right)} \right.} \right.}} \hfill \\{\text{ }}\left. {\left. { - {\text{ln}}\left( {\frac{T}{{{\text{298}}{\text{.15}}}}} \right) - \left( {\frac{{298.15}}{T} - 1} \right)} \right]} \right) \hfill \\\end{gathered}$$ Application of this formulation to the breakdown reaction of Mg-cordierite to an assemblage of pyrope-sillimanite-quartz±H2O shows that cordierite is stabilized by 3 to 3.5 kbar under H2O-saturated conditions. The thermodynamic properties of H2O in cordierite are similar to those of liquid water, with a standard molar enthalpy and Gibbs free energy of hydration that are the same (within experimental uncertainty) as the enthalpy and Gibbs free energy of vaporization. By contrast, most zeolites have Gibbs free energies of hydration two to four times more negative than the corresponding value for the vaporization of water.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307278
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increased daylength stimulates plasma growth hormone and gill Na+, K+-ATPase in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 165 (1995), S. 245-254 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-136X
    Keywords: Photoperiod ; Smolt ; Ion transport ; Thyroid hormones ; Somatolactin
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Atlantic salmon juveniles reared at constant temperature (9–10°C) were exposed to four photoperiod treatment and sampled every 2 weeks from January through May. Fish reared under normal photoperiod exhibited eight-and three fold increases in plasma growth hormone and gill Na+, K+-ATPase activity, respectively, between January and April. Fish exposed to abrupt increases in daylength (LD 15:9) in February or March responded with earlier increases in plasma growth hormone and gill Na+, K+-ATPase activity, and earlier decreases in condition factor relative to fish in the normal photoperiod group. Fish maintained under short daylength (LD 9:15) from January to May exhibited delayed and muted increases in plasma growth hormone and gill Na+, K+-ATPase activity. Plasma thyroxine exhibited a 2.5-fold increase from February to late March in the normal photoperiod group, was generally lower in the LD 9:15 group, but exhibited no obvious response to abrupt increases in daylength. There was an increase in plasma 3,5,3′-triiodo-l-thyronine with time in all groups (43–80%) but no significant response to photoperiod. Plasma levels of somatostatin-25 were highest in the LD 9:15 group, but there was no detectable response to increased daylength in any of the photoperiod treatments. The results indicate that plasma growth hormone is responsive to increased daylength and may be causally related to subsequent increases in gill Na+, K+-ATPase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00367308
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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