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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 11 (1999), S. 1673-1675 
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Thermoconvective instability of a rectangular box containing a fluid-saturated porous media is studied. The box top is maintained at constant temperature and the bottom is heated by constant flux. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 85 (1999), S. 6571-6576 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The time-dependent behavior of quantum cellular automata (QCA) with imperfections is examined. We have studied a chain of quantum cells with the imperfections introduced by (i) variations of intercellular distances, (ii) variations of intercell tunneling strengths, and (iii) stray charges. We find that imperfections like these may easily impair the switching properties of semiconductor based QCAs. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 70 (1999), S. 1277-1284 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: The experimental setup used to perform hyper-Rayleigh scattering at the near infrared wavelength of 1907 nm is described. The setup described is employed to measure the first molecular hyperpolarizabilities, β, of three new thiophene-based nonlinear optical chromophores. Although scattering at this wavelength is weak and the experiment requires great care, use of it allows one to obtain near dispersion-free first hyperpolarizability. Comparing the results with those obtained on the same chromophores using the 1064 nm excitation, we show that the two state model, which is commonly used to relate the β values at different wavelengths, fails to correlate the results at these two excitation wavelengths. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 74 (1999), S. 1415-1417 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The thermoelectric properties near ambient temperature of half-Heusler alloys based on LnPdSb, where Ln=Ho, Er, and Dy are reported. The Seebeck coefficients are large, between 60 and 250 μV/K, and the materials are p type. The resistivities are between 0.6 and 20 mΩ cm. Thermal conductivities are between approximately 5.0 and 3.5 W/mK at 300 K, and are smallest in intentionally disordered materials. The highest ambient temperature ZT obtained is 0.06. Band-structure calculations are presented for LuPdSb. It is suggested that half-Heusler alloys with 18 electrons per formula unit may represent a large class of thermoelectric materials. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 74 (1999), S. 1174-1176 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: PtSi source/drain p-type metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs) have been fabricated at sub-40 nm channel lengths with 19 Å gate oxide. These devices employ gate-induced field emission through the PtSi ∼0.2 eV hole barrier to achieve current drives of ∼350 μA/μm at 1.2 V supply. Delay times estimated by the CV/I metric extend scaling trends of conventional p-MOSFETs to ∼2 ps. Thermal emission limits on/off current ratios to ∼20–50 in undoped devices at 300 K, while ratios of ∼107 are measured at 77 K. Off-state leakage can be reduced by implanting a thin layer of fully depleted donors beneath the active region to augment the Schottky barrier height or by use of ultrathin silicon-on-insulator substrates. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 74 (1999), S. 3999-4001 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The thermoelectric properties of intermetallic compounds with the Y3Au3Sb4 structure type, of formula Ln3Au3Sb4 for Ln=Gd, Nd, Ho, and Sm, are reported. The highest Seebeck coefficients are on the order of 100–200 μV/K, indicating that the dominant carriers are holes, and increase with increasing temperature. Variation of the Au:Sb ratio significantly affects the resistivities and Seebeck coefficients. Materials with mixtures of lanthanides on the large atom site show improved Seebeck coefficients without degradation of the electrical resistivity. The thermal conductivities are very low, even for the stoichiometric materials, and decrease in materials with mixed lanthanides. Band-structure calculations show a complex multivalley character for both valence and conduction bands. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 75 (1999), S. 1821-1823 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report on continuous-wave tunable blue-light generation from a Nd:Y3Al15O12 laser by intracavity sum-frequency mixing of its fundamental laser line at 946 nm with the pump light from a tunable Ti:sapphire laser by use of cadmium–mercury–thiocyanate nonlinear crystal. The tunable range of the blue light was 434.4–437.5 nm, and the maximum output power at 436 nm was measured to be 310 μW. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 75 (1999), S. 1305-1307 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report high-performance lattice-matched GaInAsSb/GaSb thermophotovoltaic (TPV) devices with a 0.5 eV band gap. The TPV structures were grown on GaSb substrates by organometallic vapor phase epitaxy at a lower temperature (525 °C compared to 550 °C) to improve the quality of the metastable GaInAsSb alloy. The 0.5 eV TPV devices exhibit external quantum efficiency as high as 60%, which corresponds to an internal quantum efficiency of 90%, assuming 35% reflection losses. This efficiency is comparable to the value measured for 0.53 eV devices. The ratio of the open circuit voltage to band-gap energy ratio decreases from 0.57 for 0.53 eV devices to 0.48 for 0.5 eV devices. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of muscle foods 10 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1745-4573
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The objective of this study was to evaluate sodium lactate (SL; 0, 1, 2 or 3%) and sodium polyphosphate (SP; 0, 0.1, 0.2 or 0.3%) effects on lipid oxidation and color characteristics of precooked pork patties during frozen storage. Ground pork was mixed with SL and/or SP, stuffed, frozen, sliced and cooked from the frozen state, packaged and held frozen for 14 weeks. Samples containing SP had lower TBARS, regardless of SL content. SL decreased pH, a* and b* values and red color (R630–R580). L* value, hue angle, pork flavor, saltiness, and juiciness increased as SL increased. A moderate correlation occurred between SL and TBARS. SP decreased hue angle, cook loss, and rancid flavor and increased pH, b* value, pork flavor, saltiness, and juiciness. Storage time decreased a* value, red color and juiciness, while saltiness, alkalinity, and rancid flavor scores increased. Based on both physical and sensory characteristics, optimum combinations appear to be 3% SL and 0.2–0.3% SP.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 64 (1999), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Purification was by electroelution from native polyacrylamide gels or by sequential use of three columns. Electroelution was faster and resulted in a higher yield (23.4 vs 1.6%) than column purification. The enzyme had a molecular mass of 187 kDa, and the isoelectric point ranged from 5.4 to 6.0. ALP purified by electroelution was used as the antigen to immunize rabbits for polyclonal antibody (PAb) production. Western blot analysis showed that PAbs cross-reacted with bovine milk and placenta ALP, but did not cross-react with ALP from calf or bovine intestinal mucosa, Escherichia coli or with other milk proteins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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