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  • 1970-1974  (155)
  • 1830-1839
  • 1974  (83)
  • 1973  (72)
  • Life and Medical Sciences  (122)
  • Electron microscopy  (33)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An ultrastructural study of the juxtaglomerular apparatus in the toad, Bufo bufo (1974)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 153 (1974), S. 449-464 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Juxtaglomerular apparatus ; Bufo bufo ; Macula densa ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The fine structure of the juxtaglomerular apparatus in the toad, Bufo bufo was investigated.—It is suggested that the granules in the media cells of the afferent arteriole are formed from the Golgi apparatus. Many granules have a content of lamellar material. The media cells do not show the ultrastructural features of active secretory cells. In the media cells, the myofilaments are situated near the vascular lumen. The other cell organelles, including the granules, are preferentially located at the opposite pole of the cell in the neighbourhood of the macula densa cells and the adventitial nerve fibres. In these regions the media cells show many pinocytotic vesicles. The nerve fibres innervating the juxtaglomerular cells are non-myelinated and their varicosities contain dense core vesicles. The basement membranes of media cells and adjacent macula densa cells occasionally fuse, which may indicate a functional relationship between these cells.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00231540
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thyroidectomy cells and their response to thyrotrophin releasing hormone (TRH) in the rat (1973)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 138 (1973), S. 327-332 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Thyroidectomy cell ; Pituitary gland ; Electron microscopy ; TRH and granule extrusion
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Thyroidectomy cells of the rat pituitary gland were studied by the peroxidase-antibody labeling procedure and by electron microscopy. Secretory granules accumulated in these cells in response to a short-term treatment with thyroxine, and the cells were then reactive to the peroxidase-antibody labeling procedure. An intravenous injection of synthetic thyrotrophin releasing hormone (TRH) to thyroxine-treated, thyroidectomized rats provoked an acute and active extrusion of secretory granules from the thyroidectomy cells. The secretory granules in these cells were mostly “haloed” after primary fixation in osmium tetroxide. It is concluded that TRH causes thyroidectomy cells to release their secretory granules, and presumably TSH, by the usual process of exocytosis or granule extrusion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307096
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reconstitution of the thymus dependent area in the spleen of lethally irradiated mice (1974)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 149 (1974), S. 43-60 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Spleen ; Thymus dependent area ; Periarteriolar lymphatic sheath (PALS) ; Interdigitating cell (IDC) ; T-lymphocyte ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary To study the submicroscopical morphology of the microenvironment for T-lymphocytes in the spleen, mice were lethally X-irradiated and injected intravenously with syngeneic thymocytes. 24 hours after cell transfer, small lymphocytes occurred in the thymus dependent area of the spleen: the periarteriolar lymphatic sheath (PALS). They localized preferentially around a special type of mononuclear phagocyte, the Interdigitating Cell (IDC), which is considered to be characteristic for thymus-dependent areas in peripheral lymphoid organs. A close cell contact between both cell types was observed: small lymphocytes protruded into the cytoplasm of the IDC by means of fingerlike protrusions. This type of cell contact seems to induce blast transformation of the lymphoid cells which resulted in the formation of medium sized T-cells. In a control experiment, spleen cells from thymectomized, X-irradiated and bone marrow reconstituted mice were injected intravenously into lethally X-irradiated recipients. These B-lymphocytes, however, were not found to be localized around IDC. They preferentially formed primary follicles at the periphery of lymphocyte-depleted thymus dependent areas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00209049
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lymphoid stem cell identification in the developing thymus and bursa of fabricius of the chick (1973)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 136 (1973), S. 521-533 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Thymus ; Bursa of Fabricius ; Chick embryo ; Lymphoid precursor cell, Lymphoid cell homing ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Lymphoid precursor cell structure in the earliest stages of lymphoid development of the chick thymus and bursa of Fabricius was investigated light- and electron microscopically. The first lymphoid precursor cells around (8 days' incubation) and within (9 days') the epithelial thymus show the morphological features of motile cells, viz. pseudopodia and cytoplasmic bundles of filaments. Subsequent differentiation into lymphoid cells includes disappearance of pseudopodia and filaments, and appearance of a layer of marginal condensed heterochromatin in the nuclei. The first lymphoid precursor cells in the bursa mesenchyme (11 days' incubation) and bursa epithelial bud (12 days') are also characterized as motile cells; the intra-vascular lymphoid cells (13 days') of the bursa, though resembling the lymphoid cells in other localizations, lack their irregular cytoplasmic contours. The motile lymphoid cells in the early stages of lymphoid development of the chick thymus and bursa are not identical, but are distinguished by their cytoplasmic and nuclear organization: endoplasmic reticulum profiles and marginal heterochromatin, present in lymphoid cells of the bursa, are absent in those of the thymus. These and other data suggest that thymus and bursa lymphoid cells originate in different haemopoietic organs, those of the thymus in the yolk sac and those of the bursa in the spleen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307368
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Quantitative microscopical studies of the mouse peritoneal macrophage following stimulation in vivo (1973)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 140 (1973), S. 187-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Macrophage ; Differentiation ; Triolein ; Stereology ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The results of an objective two- and three-dimensional analysis of the morphological features of normal and triolein-induced mouse peritoneal macrophages are reported. An “equivalent circle“ technique for resolving the effects of volume and surface area on volume-to-surface parameters is described. The method is a simple comparative one which does not require the actual determination of cell volume. Macrophage stimulation promoted increases in mean cell size, cytoplasmic granularity and volume-to-surface ratio. In addition, a reduction in nuclear volume-to-surface ratio accompanied in vivo stimulation. Nucleocytoplasmic ratio remained constant. The equivalent circle procedure showed that the increase in cellular volume-to-surface ratio was due largely to the increase in cell volume; the decrease in nuclear volume-to-surface ratio was primarily the result of a substantial increase in nuclear membrane surface area. Stereological estimations suggest that interiorized cell membrane (in the form of triolein-containing phagosomes) is replaced by newly reconstructed surface membrane.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00306694
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural changes in the superficial layers of the superior colliculus in Galago crassicaudatus (primates) after eye enucleation (1973)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 140 (1973), S. 291-307 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Superior colliculus ; Primate, Galago ; Optic terminals ; Eye enucleation ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Several types of terminals were found in the three superficial collicular layers of Galago. At least two axon terminals with round vesicles (R1 and R2) could be distinguished on the basis of vesicle packing and electron density of the cytoplasmic and mitochondrial matrices. R1 axon terminals were characterized by aggregations of vesicles in an electron lucent cytoplasm and mitochondria with a relatively dark matrix, while in R2 axon terminals the vesicles were more evenly distributed in an electron dense cytoplasm and the mitochondrial matrix was pale. R2 endings occurred in clusters in the stratum griseum superficiale; they were absent in the stratum zonale. R1 endings were found in all three superficial collicular layers. Both types of R terminals made asymmetrical contacts with small dendrites, dendritic spines and F profiles. Profiles containing flattened vesicles and establishing symmetrical contacts were numerous, and many could be identified as dendrites by accepting as criteria for dendrites evenly spaced microtubules, clusters of ribosomes and the fact that these F profiles were postsynaptic to other terminals. F terminals were presynaptic to other F profiles, dendrites and somata; they were postsynaptic to R terminals and took part in serial synapses. Dendrodendritic contacts were frequent, somatodendritic contacts rare. After eye enucleation most R2 axon terminals underwent the electron dense degenerative reaction. The degeneration process was a lengthy one; many degenerating boutons were found 30 days after axotomy and some persisted up to 180 days postoperatively. There was strong indication that the superior colliculus received more crossed than uncrossed retinofugal fibers. The crossed and uncrossed retinocollicular axons terminated in two different substrata of the stratum griseum superficiale.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307019
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A quantitative morphological analysis of macrophage stimulation (1974)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 147 (1974), S. 567-588 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Macrophage ; Freund's adjuvants ; Stimulation ; Stereology ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The principles of stereology have been applied to a stereometric analysis of the ultrastructural composition of normal rat peritoneal macrophages and of cells stimulated five days previously by a single intraperitoneal dose of Freund's adjuvants. Material obtained by a systematic random sampling regime was analysed and the data groups for various morphological parameters were compared. Estimates were made of cell numbers. From electron micrographs the volume proportions of nuclei, mitochondria, heterogeneous granules and rough endoplasmic reticulum were determined. The average numbers and dimensions of mitochondria, granules and free ribosomes were also evaluated. The volume-to-surface ratios of cells and their nuclei were computed. By the independent measurement of cellular volumes it was possible to obtain estimates of nuclear and cytoplasmic volumes, to evaluate the membrane surface areas of the average cells and their nuclei, and to calculate numbers of organelles per average cell. The structural alterations induced by the complete adjuvant were similar to those evoked by the incomplete adjuvant. Stimulation was characterized by a cellular hypertrophy accompanied by an increase in mean granule size and in the number of mitochondria per average cell. At the same time, there was a substantial decrease in the number of granules and a considerable depletion of both nuclear and plasma membrane surface areas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307256
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alterations in the epithelial surface of A/Jax mouse palatal shelves prior to and during palatal fusion: A scanning electron microscopic studySupported in part by NIH grant DE-02987 to L. M. Ross, and NIH grants DE-01766-10, DE-00278-02 and Ford Foundation grant 710-0036. (1973)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 176 (1973), S. 361-375 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The surfaces of palatal shelves from carefully staged A/Jax mouse embryos were examined with the scanning electron microscope prior to and during palatal fusion. No change was observed in the appearance of cells covering the oral and nasal surfaces of the shelves. A change was observed, however, in the region of presumptive fusion, and was detectable on vertical shelves just prior to transposition. This change initially involved surface cells along the future medial edge of the shelf at the level of the second to third rugae. It was characterized by a loss of distinct cellular boundaries, the appearance of intercellular gaps caused by apparent retraction of adjacent cells, and a progressive accumulation of filamentous material at the surface. These alterations spread posteriorly along the medial edge of the shelf during transposition and fusion. While it was impossible to determine the precise nature of the surface change from S.E.M. data alone, the fact that it both preceded closure and was restricted to the region of subsequent contact and fusion between the shelves suggests it may be a prerequisite for normal palatal fusion and may represent an expression of the acquisition of a potential to fuse similar to that proposed for palatal fusion in vitro.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091760311
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Embryology of the sheep. III. The respiratory system, mesenteries and celom in the fourteen to thirty-four day embryo (1973)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 175 (1973), S. 725-735 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The day-by-day developmental changes which occur in the respiratory system, mesenteries and celom of the sheep embryo from 14 to 34 days coital age are documented chronologically and described. This work provides standards of normal development which can be used as a basis for future work on abnormal development of these structures.The respiratory diverticulum which first appears on the seventeenth day is seen as a primitive lung bud on the nineteenth day and becomes bilobed on day 20. By the twenty-first day a laryngotracheal tube is present and the larynx develops in the next ten days.The dorsal mesogastrium forms on the eighteenth day and the omental bursa is seen as an invagination by the twenty-first day. A splenic primordium associated with the omentum is present by the twenty-seventh day.The dorsal mesentery appears on the eighteenth day and undergoes torsion, herniation and coiling on the twentieth, twenty-second and twenty-seventh days. The ventral mesentery is present on the seventeenth day but disappears centrally between the eighteenth and twenty-first days.An extraembryonic celom is seen on the fourteenth day and the formation of the intraembryonic celom occurs on day 15. Development of the pleuroperitoneal membranes commences on the twenty-first day. Complete separation of pericardial and pleural cavities is completed by the twenty-eighth day.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091750407
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Demonstration of bile canaliculi by an immunofluorescent staining technique (1973)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 177 (1973), S. 317-319 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Using an indirect immunofluorescent technique sera from a group of patients suffering from a variety of liver diseases have been shown to contain an antibody which will specifically stain the bile canaliculi of a wide variety of mammals, birds and amphibia. It is suggested that this method is an effective alternative to the methods presently available for demonstration of bile canaliculi.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1091770211
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