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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nonactivated phosphorylase kinase is a phosphoprotein: differentiation of two classes of endogenous phosphoserine residues by phosphorus-31-NMR spectroscopy and phosphatase sensitivity (1984)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Biochemistry 23 (1984), S. 112-117 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-4995
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bi00296a018
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Microbial acetate conversion to methane: kinetics, yields and pathways in a two-step digestion process (1984)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 19 (1984), S. 224-228 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Organic waste is converted in a two-stage process to methane and carbon dioxide by mixed cultures of microorganisms. Acetate, a product of acidogenic and acetogenic bacteria and the main substrate for methanogenic bacteria, is an important intermediate of the anaerobic degradation process, which results in the generation of methane. It was shown by labelling experiments using (U-14C) acetate that as much as 65%–96% of the total methane produced came from the acetate. The first order utilization rate for acetate in the methanogenic stages of a two-stage digestion process was between 0.17 h-1 and 0.5 h-1. The kinetics as well as the mass flow and yields of acetate and the methyl group of acetate were determined by pulse-labelling experiments with (U-14C) acetate and (2-14C) acetate without a significant rise of the total concentrations. Up to 58% of the acetate carbon was transformed to methane, and about 30% to carbon dioxide; only 4%–15% was incorporated into the biomass. There are at least two parallel degradation mechanisms in the metabolic transformation of acetate to methane: acetate is cleaved either to form methane and carbon dioxide or to form hydrogen and carbon dioxide, which can be transformed by an additional reaction to methane. Labelling experiments with (2-14C) acetate show that both mechanisms took place at similar order.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00251840
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vivo assessment of tumor-induced nonspecific suppression of contact sensitivity (1984)
    Springer
    Cancer immunology immunotherapy 18 (1984), S. 135-137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0851
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Normal BALB/c mice were assessed for 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB)-induced contact sensitivity following adoptive transfer of macrophages (Mo). T cells, or their derived products, from normal or tumor-bearing hosts (TBH). Contact sensitivity (CS) was measured by a quantitative radioisotopic ear assay, a total in vivo system based on localization of IP-injected iodinated human serum albumin ([125I]HSA) in the DNFB-challenged ear. Adoptive transfer of low or high doses of TBH T cells or their derived supernatants into normal recipients suppresed their responsiveness, while Mo supernatants enhanced it. Moreover, in all cases adoptive transfer of TBH cells or supernatants resulted in a lower CS response than did their normal counterparts. These results further corroborate our previous in vitro data indicating that T cells, or Mo and T cell soluble products, possess immunoregulatory capabilities in vivo.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00205748
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Primärer Hypoaldosteronismus, Pseudo-Hypoaldosteronismus und distal-tubuläre Acidose (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 62 (1984), S. 747-752 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Hypoaldosteronism ; Pseudohypoaldosteronism ; distal tubular Acidosis-Aldosteron-Biosynthesis Defects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Aldosterone deficiency is caused by (1) various defects of aldosterone biosynthesis in the adrenal gland or (2) hyporeninism. The most important symptoms are hyponatremia and hyperkalemia. These electrolyte disturbances are also found in pseudohypoaldosteronism. Pseudohypoaldosteronism type I is characterized by insensitivity of the distal nephron for aldosterone. Hyperabsorption of chloride in the distal nephron leads to pseudohypoaldosteronism type II, which is linked with hypertension, whereas blood pressure in the other mentioned disorders is decreased. Renal tubular acidosis, mainly type 4, with impaired production of ammonia due to hyperkalemia, is frequently observed in hypoaldosteronism and both types of pseudohypoaldosteronism as well. The therapeutic regimen is different: (1) low doses of fludrocortisone in hypoaldosteronism, (2) potassium restriction, sodium bicarbonate and loop diuretics in type I of pseudohypoaldosteronism, and (3) sodium restriction and chloruretic diuretics (thiazide) in type II of pseudohypoaldosteronism. In some cases hyperkalemia requires the use of potassium-binding resins.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01721771
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Primärer Hypoaldosteronismus und sekundärer Pseudo-Hypoaldosteronismus (1984)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 62 (1984), S. 753-758 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Hypoaldosteronism ; Pseudohypoaldosteronism ; distal tubular Acidosis ; Aldosteron-Biosynthesis Defects
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We observed a 23-year-old man with pronounced hyperkalemia (max. 6.8 mmol/l) and hyponatremia (min. 112 mmol/l), which had been existent for 3 years without complaint except a transitory psychorganic syndrome due to hyponatremia. Physical examination showed no abnormality except hypotension (blood pressure 100/70 mmHg). Renal function tests were normal. Fractional clearance of sodium was significantly increased (0.8%), whereas that of potassium was decreased (2.4%). Plasma renin activity was tripled and rose after furosemide. Plasma aldosterone was lowered and showed no rise after furosemide. Suppression of plasma renin and aldosterone by saline infusion was normal. Pressor dose of angiotensin II was increasend (17,9 ng AT II/kg/min). Urinary excretion of aldosterone and its conjugates was below normal, and aldosterone precursors were within normal range. The findings were interpreted as selective primary hypoaldosteronism caused by corticosterone methyl oxidase defect type II. However, neither fludrocortisone (0.5 mg/day) nor sodium chloride (200 mmol/day) led to a normalization of sodium and potassium in plasma. Additional pseudohypoaldosteronism was thus assumed. Aldosterone infusion (3 mg in 1 h) decreased renal excretion of sodium; potassium excretion failed, however, to increase in contrast to its pattern in normal man. These findings resemble additional pseudohypo-aldosteronism of type II. After 8 weeks' application of additional 80 mmol sodium (as sodium bicarbonate) plasma sodium and potassium showed normal values under combined treatment with fludrocortisone (0.1 mg/day) and sodium bicarbonate (80 mmol/day). It is to be assumed that the patient suffers from a reduced aldosterone biosynthesis in the presence of an additional transitory secondary pseudohypoaldosteronism.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01721772
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    31P nuclear magnetic resonance titrations: Simultaneous evaluation of all pH-dependent resonance signals (1984)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Organic Magnetic Resonance 22 (1984), S. 101-105 
    Details
    ISSN: 0030-4921
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The simultaneous evaluation of ali pH-dependent resonance signals (or multiplets) of an NMR titration offers a substantially increased accuracy and significance. The number of linearly independent titration equilibria is determined by graphical matrix rank analysis. The chemical shifts of all pH-dependent resonance lines are plotted against each other (chemical shift or CS diagrams) indicating whether a single or more titration equilibria are NMR spectrometrically observable and how far they overlap with each other. An iterative curve-fitting program allowing the simultaneous evaluation of all (pH) curves is available, from which pK values and chemical shifts of all species can be calculated. The starting pK values for the iteration need only be estimated very approximately (accuracy ±1-2 units). The titration end-points do not have to be experimentally accessible. The different methods for the simultaneous evaluation of all pH-dependent NMR signals are exemplified in the 31P NMR titration of thiamine pyrophosphate. In this case either the observed resonance lines (two doublets in a broad band proton decoupled spectrum) or the calculated chemical shifts for this AB system can be evaluated. A titration of sodium pyrophosphate was performed and evaluated for comparison.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrc.1270220209
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