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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calculation of nuclear spin–spin couplings. VII. Electron correlation effects on the five coupling mechanisms (1992)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 97 (1992), S. 2299-2304 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Electron correlation effects on the five mechanisms in the indirect nuclear spin–spin coupling tensors are computed for H 19F, H2 17O,14NH3,13CH4, H 35Cl, 33SH2, 31PH3, and 29SiH4. The five coupling mechanisms consist of Fermi-contact (FC), spin-dipole (SD), Fermi-contact and spin-dipole cross term (FC/SD), orbital paramagnetic (OP), and orbital diamagnetic (OD) terms. Electron correlation contributions through the second order are calculated by the finite-field many-body perturbation theory (FF-MBPT). The results show an extremely large contribution of the (FC/SD) cross term to the anisotropic part of the couplings. The FC contribution is dominant in the isotropic part, but the OP term is considerable in HF, HCl, and H2O. Electron correlation effects are large in the FC contribution. They are small, but not negligible, in the other terms except in the OD term.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.463121
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calculation of nuclear magnetic shieldings. IX. Electron correlation effects (1994)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 100 (1994), S. 6608-6613 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Nuclear magnetic shieldings were calculated with electron correlations through third order. The calculation was performed on the use of London's gauge invariant atomic orbitals (GIAO) and the finite field many-body perturbation theory (FF-MBPT), in which the two kinds of perturbation fields, i.e., the external magnetic field and the field due to the nuclear magnetic moment, were introduced to get the perturbed one-electron states. The Hartree–Fock (HF) values and the second- and third-order Møller–Plesset (MP) correlation corrections of the nuclear magnetic shieldings were calculated in (i) four first-row hydrides HF, H2O, NH3, and CH4; and (ii) three linear molecules with a multiple bond N2, CO, and HCN. The calculations showed that the post-HF correlations are important and much improve the calculated shielding values, and that the second-order corrections are positive, but the third-order ones are negative. Furthermore, the rovibrational corrections to the shielding constants in the HF molecule at 300 K were estimated to be −9.9 ppm for F and −0.66 ppm for H.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.467070
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    GeAs as a novel arsenic dimer source for n-type doping of Ge grown by molecular beam epitaxy (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 74 (1993), S. 3886-3889 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: GeAs is successfully applied as a new arsenic dimer source for efficient n-type doping of Ge grown by molecular beam epitaxy. The arsenic fluxes emanating from GeAs Knudsen cells are not composed of arsenic tetramers, but only of arsenic dimers. High electron concentrations of up to 1.1×1020 cm−3 are achieved with GeAs, which is much larger than any ever obtained in antimony-doped Ge. The electron concentration in the arsenic-doped Ge films depends on the GeAs cell temperature with an activation energy of 2.5 eV, which coincides with that of the arsenic dimer beam flux generated from GeAs. Moreover, it is found that the electron and arsenic concentrations in the arsenic-doped Ge layer are identical. These results indicate that arsenic atoms are incorporated into Ge from the arsenic dimer beam, and that a very high electrical activation of the incorporated arsenic atoms is obtained.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.354483
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phage-conversion of cytotoxin production in Pseudomonas aeruginosa (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 4 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: We isolated a temperate phage which carried the cytotoxin gene (ctx) from a cytotoxin (CTX)-producing Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain, PA158. The phage, φCTX, had a head with a hexagonal outline and a contractile tail with tail fibres. The phage genome was a linear double-stranded 35.5kb DNA with single-stranded cohesive ends (cos). The attP, cos and ctx genes were all located very close to one another within a 2.3kb segment on the phage genome in the order given (in the circular form). φCTX converted CTX non-producing P. aeruginosa strains into CTX producers. A single copy of φCTX DNA was integrated at the same site on the host chromosome (attB) in every lysogen, including PA15B. However, the amount of CTX produced in these lysogens varied from strain to strain and was less than that in PA158.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.1990.tb00547.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cell-mediated protection in carp, Cyprinus carpio L., against Aeromonas hydrophila (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The mechanism of protection against Aeromonas hydrophila infection in carp was studied. Recipient fish, into which pronephric cells from carp previously immunized by dipping in bacterial crude lipopolysaccharide (LPS) at 25°C for 2h were transferred, demonstrated almost the same level of protective ability as an immunized control group. The protective ability was transmitted by non-adherent (to nylon fibre) immune pronephric cells. These non-adherent cells were damaged by anti-carp thymocyte serum and were, thus, considered to be T-like cells. The protective ability was depressed in immunized carp treated with anti-carp thymocyte serum in vivo and was also remarkably reduced in immunized carp whose macrophage function was impaired by Dextran sulphate-500 treatment. These results indicate that the protection shown by carp immunized by dipping in crude LPS is dependent on cellular immunity regulated by a T-like cell-macrophage system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1988.tb00536.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immune protection in carp, Cyprinus carpio L., after immunization with Aeromonas hydrophila crude lipopolysaccharide (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 11 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Vaccination with crude lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced better protection against infection with Aeromonas hydrophila in carp than vaccination with formalin killed vaccine. Dipping fish in vaccine for 2 h at 25°C was more effective than intraperitoneal injection of the vaccine in procedural simplicity, lower stress loading and the degree of protection acquired. In carp immunized with crude LPS by the dip method, antibodies were not detected by bacteriai agglutination, passive haemagglutination and the agar diffusion tests. The results indicate that the protection against A. hydrophila infection in carp is not dependent on humoral immunity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.1988.tb00544.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunophenotypic analysis of infiltrating leukocytes and microglia in an experimental rat glioma (1992)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 83 (1992), S. 590-597 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Immunophenotyping ; Glioma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The appearance and cellular distribution of major histocompatibility complex (MHC), as well as lymphocytic and macrophage antigens has been studied in a fully developed experimental rat forebrain glioma. Activated microglial cells and microglia-derived macrophages expressing CR3 complement receptor molecules and MHC class II (Ia) antigen were found throughout the tumor, and with increased density along the tumor's periphery. MHC class I antigen expression was entirely absent from tumor cells, and found only occasionally on microglia. The expression of leukocyte common antigen, and CD4 and CD8 antigens was conspicuous throughout the tumor, and associated with lymphocytes, perivascular cells, and microglia. Cells expressing the ED2 macrophage epitope were almost exclusively of the perivascular type and revealed a distribution dissimilar to that of cells positive for Ia antigen. The ED2 epitope was found sporadically on ramified microglial cells. The results show that despite heavy infiltration with blood mononuclear and CNS microglial cells, the tumor showed no evidence of destruction caused by inflammatory cells. Possible mechanisms of tumor immunosuppressive activity preventing the full immunological activation of microglia and blood mononuclear cells are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00299407
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Renal kallikrein in diabetic patients with hypertension accompanied by nephropathy (1986)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 29 (1986), S. 162-167 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Renal kallikrein ; urinary kallikrein excretion ; diabetes mellitus ; hypertension ; nephropathy ; plasma aldosterone concentration ; plasma renin activity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We measured the 24-h excretion of urinary kallikrein in 27 patients with Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes and in 10 normal control subjects. Mean (± SD) kallikrein excretion in diabetic patients with nephropathy (6.2±2.4 naphthyl units (NU)/day,n=13) was significantly lower than in control subjects (12.8±3.4NU/day,p〈0.01) and in diabetic patients without nephropathy (9.4±3.4NU/day,n=14,p〈0.05). Kallikrein excretion in hypertensive diabetic patients with nephropathy (5.1±1.6 NU/day,n=8) was significantly lower (p〈0.05) than in normotensive patients with nephropathy (8.3±2.1 NU/day,n=5). There were no significant differences in kallikrein excretion rate (24-h excretion of urinary kallikrein/24-h creatinine clearance) among control subjects (9.9±4.3 NU/ml), diabetic patients with (9.0±3.2 NU/ml) and without (9.3±3.5 NU/ml) nephropathy. However, kallikrein excretion rate in hypertensive diabetic patients with nephropathy (7.7±3.3 NU/ml) was significantly lower (p〈0.05) than in normotensive diabetic patients with nephropathy (11.8 ±2.0 NU/ml,n=10). Respective basal and post-stimulated (with intravenous furosemide 40 mg plus 60 min ambulation) plasma aldosterone concentrations measured in control subjects and in hypertensive diabetic patients with nephropathy were similar and increased to the same extent in the 2 groups (5.5±3.2 versus 5.3±3.2 and 9.3±2.6 versus 10.5±3.4 ng/ml), although the respective plasma renin activity tended to be lower in diabetic patients than in control subjects (0.7±0.6 versus 1.3±0.9 and 1.8±1.8 versus 3.0±2.6 ng−1 · ml−1 · h−1). The results indicate that urinary kallikrein excretion is decreased in hypertensive diabetic patients with nephropathy, and that the decrease might not be attributable to an altered renin-aldosterone system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02427087
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enalapril retards glomerular basement membrane thickening and albuminuria in the diabetic rat: are these effects specific for enalapril? (1989)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 32 (1989), S. 829-829 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00264916
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparison of the renal effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor and calcium antagonist in hypertensive Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients with microalbuminuria: a randomised controlled trial (1989)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 32 (1989), S. 40-44 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Hypertension ; Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients ; microalbuminuria ; kidney function ; angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor ; calcium antagonist ; diabetic nephropathy ; antihypertensive therapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Seven of eight hypertensive Type 2 (non-insulin-dependent) diabetic patients with microalbuminuria completed a randomised crossover trial to compare the renal effects of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (enalapril) and calcium antagonist (nicardipine). Four-week fixed oral maintenance dosages of enalapril (10–20 mg/day) and nicardipine (60–120 mg/day) significantly (p〈0.05) lowered the systolic and diastolic blood pressures without altering renal blood flow, glomerular filtration rate and filtration fraction. Both drugs significantly reduced (p〈0.05) urinary albumin excretion rate and fractional clearance of albumin to similar extents. Total renal vascular resistance decreased significantly by nicardipine (p〈0.05) and non-significantly by enalapril. Plasma osmotic pressure, plasma aldosterone concentration, total serum protein concentration, serum electrolytes and HbA1c remained unchanged by these drugs, whereas plasma renin activity was significantly higher (p〈0.05) in the enalapril than in the control and nicardipine phases. These results suggest that both drugs have similar renal function preserving effects with a concomitant hypotensive action in hypertensive Type 2 diabetic patients with microalbuminuria, and that the angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor may not have advantageous renal effects when compared to the calcium antagonist and vice versa. Both drugs might be useful for treatment of high blood pressure in hypertensive diabetic patients, if long-term studies of these drugs can be shown to benefit the patients over other conventional antihypertensive therapies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00265402
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