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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Order parameter and packing studies in nematic and smectic A phases by x-ray diffraction (1988)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 89 (1988), S. 3317-3322 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: X-ray diffraction measurements have been made on the nematic phase of T15 (4-cyano-4'-n-pentyl-p-terphenyl), as well as on the nematic and smectic A phases of RNO2 [4'-nitrophenyl-4-(4'-n-hexyloxy-benzoyloxy)-cinnamate]. The x-ray equipment used allows comparably high resolution measurements of liquid crystals. The inner reflexes show that both compounds possess a bilayer structure supposed as overlapping of polar cyano or nitro group of one molecule and the phenyl ring of the neighboring molecule. The molecular orientational distribution function f (β) has been calculated on the basis of intensity simulations of the outer reflexes. The orientational order parameter P2(cos β), P4(cos β), 〈P2〉 and 〈P4〉 have been determined from f (β). A strong decrease of 〈P2〉 and 〈P4〉 is observed at the smectic A–nematic phase transition temperature of RNO2.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.454939
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intrathecal Baclofen in Tetanus (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 531 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1988.tb31823.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The spleen in Hodgkin's disease. An immunohistochemical study of lymphocyte subpopulations and macrophages (1988)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Histopathology 13 (1988), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2559
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Lymphocyte subpopulations and macrophages in 16 spleens from patients with Hodgkin's disease were analysed immunohistochemically using monoclonal antibodies of the Leu and the Ki M series. In non-involved splenic tissue there is an increase of T-lymphocytes with an increased T-helper/T-suppressor cell ratio, while Ki M-1, -2, -3 and -5-positive, i.e. phenotypically different macrophages, are reduced. These results indicate that involvement of the spleen in Hodgkin's disease is accompanied by changes with respect not only to lymphocyte subpopulations but also to cells of the mononuclear phagocyte system. The immunodeficiency associated with Hodgkin's disease is probably not solely due to lymphocyte dysfunction, since the disease may lead, at least in the spleen, to alterations in macrophages and accessory cells and this may contribute to the impairment of cell-mediated immunity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2559.1988.tb02019.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Black foam and emulsion films from nonionic surfactant solutions: rupture by hole formation (1988)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 266 (1988), S. 921-925 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Foam films ; emulsion films ; film rupture ; rupture theory ; hole nucleation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The concept that rupture of bilayer films is caused by nucleation of holes was checked for foam and emulsion films stabilized by the same nonionic surfactant. Newtonian black (NB) films were formed in a ring-cell from a biconcave drop with air or nonane, respectively, as the ambient phase. The lifetime of the foam and emulsion films increases with surfactant concentration. This relation is analysed on the basis of above mentioned theory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01410847
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reduction of the number of mice used for potency testing of human and animal rabies vaccines (1988)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 44 (1988), S. 853-857 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: ELISA ; mouse test ; potency ; rabies ; vaccine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Eight different rabies vaccines were tested for their potency in the standard mouse potency test using 3-, 5- and 7-week-old mice. 5-week-old mice seem to be best suited for this purpose, variability from test to test could be reduced considerably. An ELISA was used in parallel for the evaluation of the rabies glycoprotein content of rabies vaccines. Results of the mouse potency test correlated well with those of the ELISA if highly purified human vaccines were tested. Unspecific reactions in the ELISA caused by adjuvanted veterinary vaccines could not be blocked. Further experiments will be needed in order to evaluate the potency of inactivated veterinary rabies vaccines by a in vitro test.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01941183
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die Huber-Nadel als Spezialkanüle für die Punktion von implantierten Ports und Pumpen — ein Irrtum in zahlreichen Variationen (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 66 (1988), S. 963-969 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Huber-point needle ; Non-coring cannula ; Port ; Implanted pumps
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Huber-point needles, which are thought to be noncoring, are usually recommended for puncture of implanted drug-delivery devices, such as ports and pumps. Nevertheless, we found occlusion by silicone chips deriving from the silicone inlet septum to be a major technical complication. Electron microscopic investigations demonstrated substantial loss of material from the port membrane after repeated puncture with this type of needle. During an in vitro test, multiple puncture with Huber-type cannulas led to a pressure-dependent leakage of a port after only 150 to 750 insertions of a needle. In addition, the forces necessary for puncture or for withdrawal of the needle were increased with Huber-point needles, possibly due to a coring effect. Another disadvantage of the available port needles is the formation of a hook at the tip, which may lead to additional lesion of the port or pump membrane. In our opinion, resterillization of Huber needles, recommended by the manufactures, is not advisable, because it is well known that safe sterilization of small lumina, e.g., the lumen of the needle, is impossible.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01738111
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Eine atraumatische Nadel für die Punktion von Ports und Pumpen (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 66 (1988), S. 1006-1009 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Keywords: Noncoring cannula ; Atraumatic cannula ; Implantable pump ; Port
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Huber-point needles have been found to induce substantial coring during puncture of ports or pumps, which may lead to leakage or obturation of these devices. Therefore, different types of cannulas were tested in order to evaluate their applicability for this purpose. Pencil-point needles led to increased pain during puncture and thus seemed unsuitable. A newly developed port-cannula bent inwards within the length of the bevel (“protected bevel”) and proved to be definitely noncoring during electron microscopy. Consequently the force required to introduce this needle was reduced by 50% in comparison with the Huber-type needle. In addition, this cannula allowed up to 3000 punctures of one port without leakage and, thus, correspondingly therefore relevantly increased the durability of this device.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01733442
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Degradation of long-chain n-alkanes by the yeast Candida maltosa (1988)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 28 (1988), S. 589-597 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Summary Microsomal membrane fractions of the yeast Candida maltosa were investigated with respect to their ability to catalyse the oxidation of n-alkanes, fatty alcohols and fatty acids. Analysis of intermediates of n-hexadecane oxidation led to the conclusion that monoterminal attack was predominant, whereas diterminal oxidation proceeded as a minor reaction. The oxidation of long-chain primary alcohols to the corresponding aldehydes occurred without addition of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (phosphate) [NAD(P)+] and was accompanied by stoichiometric oxygen consumption and hydrogen peroxide production, suggesting that an alcohol oxidase instead of an NAD(P)+-requiring alcohol dehydrogenase catalysed these reactions. As shown for n-hexadecane, the hydroxylation of palmitic acid was found to be carbon monoxide-dependent, indicating involvement of a cytochrome P-450 system, as in the case of n-alkane hydroxylation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00250418
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in dental blood flow following electrical tooth pulp stimulation — influences of capsaicin and guanethidine (1988)
    Springer
    Inflammation research 25 (1988), S. 237-239 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-908X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The responses of rat incisors microcirculation to electrical pulp stimulation was examined. A fast initial decrease was followed by a long lasting increase in blood flow due to activation of sympathetic efferents and nociceptive afferents, respectively. Both constituents of the response could be abolished differentially by the use of guanethidine (sympathectomy) and capsaicin (C-deafferentiation), respectively. The results point to a role of both C-efferents and peptidergic C-afferents in the control of tooth pulp circulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01965022
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental and numerical studies of shock wave focusing in water (1988)
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 6 (1988), S. 209-216 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The focusing of plane shock waves and spherical blast waves in water by parabolic and ellipsoidal reflectors is studied experimentally and numerically. The numerical computations are performed by a second order method based on an extension of Godunov's method, which is called piecewise-linear method. Tests of this method and a comparison with pressure measurements show a strong dependence of the maximum pressure attained in the focal region on the mesh size. Outside this focal region, however, good agreement between the pressure measurements and the result of the numerical computation is found. Furthermore it is shown by numerical computation, that non-linear effects in the focusing process may be partly avoided by an optimized reflector contour which depends on the strength of the incident shock wave. This modification provides that the maximum pressure is attained at the geometric focus and not at a location between reflector surface and geometrical focus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00230733
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