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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection of residues of chloramphenicol in crude extracts of fish and milk by tandem mass spectrometry (1989)
    Chichester : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biological Mass Spectrometry 18 (1989), S. 5-11 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-6134
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The collision-induced dissociation mass spectrum, observed with a hybrid tandem instrument, of the ammonia chemical ionization protonated molecular ion of chloramphenicol was used for the detection of residues of the drug in biological samples. The extracted oil from fish was subjected to a rapid clean-up on a pre-packed silica gel cartridge prior to non-chromatographic tandem mass spectral analysis. Fat extracted from milk was analysed directly by on-line combined high-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry with rapid elution of chloramphenicol. Identification was on the basis of agreement of the daughter ion spectra obtained from sample extracts with that of the chloramphenicol standard. Detection was unambiguous at 0.5 mg kg-1. The sensitivity advantage normally expected with multiple reaction monitoring was not achieved owing to the effect of neutral noise phenomena.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bms.1200180103
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anionic syntheses of terminally functionalized ethylene oligomers (1989)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 27 (1989), S. 4205-4226 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Synthetic procedures for preparation of terminally functionalized linear ethylene oligomers are described. The preferred synthetic method is anionic oligomerization of ethylene with n-butyllithium-tetramethylethylenediamine and electrophilic substitution of the living oligomer so-formed. Conditions and procedures for subsequent chemistry to elaborate the end groups of these oligomers are described. These procedures afford strictly linear ethylene oligomers which contain a wide variety of end groups and which range in molecular weight from 1000 to 4500 (Mn). The product oligomers were characterized spectroscopically as toluene-d8 solutions at 110°C using multinuclear NMR, FT-IR, fluorescence, and UV-visible spectroscopies as appropriate. Alternative stepwise approaches to such oligomers are also discussed.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1989.080271226
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Development of monoclonal antibodies to collagens for assesing host - implant interactions (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 23 (1989), S. 273-283 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: The biologic response to surgical implants is of importance in understanding the host interactions relating to long-term patency of implants. The methodology currently available for the assessment of host - biomaterial interactions is subjective and is limited to identification of inflammatory responses and general histopathological staining procedures associated with these processes. A clearer appraisal of the nature and type of extracellular matrix-components related to the host response to the implanted biomaterials would assist in the development of biomaterials and would allow an earlier means of predicting biocompatibility. The extracellular matrix consists of a range of similar collagen types which are difficult to distinguish using polyclonal antibodies. However, with the advent of hybridoma technology, monoclonal antibodies with the desired specificities can be produced to provide very powerful probes for assessing host - implant interactions. There were several problems associated with the production of these antibodies, mainly arising from collagens being extremely poor immunogens. The present study has examined these problems and has demonstrated that monoclonal antibodies against a range of collagen types can be produced. These antibodies were all highly specific for collagen type, but for a given collagen type, antibodies with different species specificities could be obtained. These antibodies were shown to be suitable for immunohistology of various connective tissue samples and were used to examine collagen-based vascular prostheses (Omniflow Vascular Graft) after retrieval from canine models. These data demonstrated that the monoclonal antibodies to collagens were excellent for the analysis of surgical implants and biomaterials after retrieval.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820231403
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Collagen organization in mandrel-grown vascular grafts (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 23 (1989), S. 649-660 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: The organization of collagen in custombuilt biosynthetic vascular prostheses (Omniflow Vascular Graft), which are suitable for periphareral revascularization, has been examined. The grafts were a glutaraldehyde-tanned ovine-collagen composite with a polymer mesh reinforcement. Comparisons were made between grafts using different mesh fiber polymers and knit patterns. There was a basic similarity in the arrangement of the tissue structure in all graft types. Scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy showed that the collagen formed a layered structure which fully encased the polymer mesh and held it firmly in position. Rather than polymer mesh, the inner surface of the graft was found to be collagen, and lined with a layer of flattened cells. Collagen formed a continuous layer surrounding the mesh, with no distinct boundary membrane or structurally weak point being apparent. Immunohistology, using a monoclonal antibody specific for type III collagen, and chemical analysis, indicated that there was a high proportion of type III collagen in the grafts, particularly in the region surrounding the mesh fibers.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820230608
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrastructural comparisons of ceramic and titanium dental implants in vivo: A scanning electron microscopic study (1989)
    Hoboken, NJ : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biomedical Materials Research 23 (1989), S. 895-909 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9304
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine , Technology
    Notes: Identically prepared, screw-type ceramic and titanium endosteal dental implants were inserted in the jaws of adult mongrel dogs for periods of up to 6 months. Sixteen of the 32 total implants supported fixed bridgework. The interface of bone and soft connective tissues with the dental implants was examined by routine and innovative scanning electron microscopic (SEM) techniques using both secondary and backscattered electron imaging. Results demonstrated excellent bone adaptation to both titanium and ceramic implants. Direct adaptation of bone to the upper third of both type implants was observed with only minimal amounts of any intervening fibrous connective tissue. A composite of trabecular bone and fibrous connective tissue was observed in the lower two-thirds of the implants examined. Areas of bone alteration suggestive of osteoid were observed at the thread apicis of some loaded implants. From this investigation we concluded that similar longitudinal tissue responses were generated to one-piece, cylindrical screw-type titanium and alpha alumina oxide ceramic dental implants. Possible bone remodeling was observed at the thread apicis of the loaded implants, an area where occlusal forces may be distributed. We further suggest that one-stage endosteal implants are capable of maintaining a proportional bone-to-implant interface at the apical support region, similar to that suggested to two-stage implant systems.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbm.820230807
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Organotin compounds as energy-potentiated uncouplers of rat liver mitochondria (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Applied Organometallic Chemistry 3 (1989), S. 545-551 
    Details
    ISSN: 0268-2605
    Keywords: Organotin ; membrane potential ; pH gradient ; mitochondria ; protonmotive force ; ATP ; oxidative phosphorylation ; Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Triorganotins will titrate membrane potential (Δψ) and the accompanying pH gradient (ΔpH) in estimates of protonmotive force (Δp) in isolated rat liver mitochondria in an apparent concentrationdependent manner and in minimal halide media (5 μmol dm-3). Under these conditions the concentrations of organotin required to produce a drop of 80-120mV in Δp approach or are in excess of those required to inhibit ATP-synthase activity, which are at least three-fold greater than those which inhibit ATP hydrolytic activity. The addition of exogenous chloride ion did not appreciably alter the steady-state or rate estimates of triorganotin-mediated membrane potential (Δψ) depolarization. The evidence indicates that triorganotins possess an uncoupling effect which is independent of halide/hydroxyl exchange or direct inhibition of the ATPase complex. The activity of various triorganotins may be best understood according to their abilities to uncouple or directly inhibit oxidative phosphorylation at the enzymic level, in the absence of halide/hydroxyl exchange.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aoc.590030611
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