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  • 1990-1994  (37)
  • 1950-1954
  • 1880-1889
  • 1990  (37)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 57 (1990), S. 2847-2849 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A new model is proposed in which a photon of energy E=hf is absorbed by a superconducting film to create a pair of equal and opposite fluxons (or vortices), each with quantized flux Φ0=h/2e. An applied current sweeps these fluxons to opposite edges of the film, causing a voltage pulse with time-integrated magnitude Φ0, and leading to a time-averaged voltage responsivity Rv = Φ0/E = 1/(2ef). This is directly analogous to photoconductive detection in a semiconductor via creation of electron-hole pairs. Data on an ultrathin granular NbN film are presented which indicate a responsivity of 6000 V/W in red light, in agreement with the model. This is promising for the development of a sensitive, high-speed infrared detector using thin films of either low or high Tc superconductors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 97 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. Ninety six nulliparous women were investigated to establish whether childbirth causes damage to the striated muscles and nerve supply of the pelvic floor. The techniques used were concentric needle electromyography (EMG), pudendal nerve conduction tests and assessment of pelvic floor contraction using a perineometer. There was EMG evidence of re-innervation in the pelvic floor muscles after vaginal delivery in 80% of those studied. Women who had a long active second stage of labour and heavier babies showed the most EMG evidence of nerve damage. Forceps delivery and perineal tears did not affect the degree of nerve damage seen. We conclude that vaginal delivery causes partial denervation of the pelvic floor (with consequent re-innervation) in most women having their first baby. In a few this is severe and is associated with urinary and faecal incontinence. For some it is likely to be the first step along a path leading to prolapse and/or stress incontinence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    The @photogrammetric record 13 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1477-9730
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: X-ray photogrammetry has the potential to make a significant contribution to clinical orthopaedic practice. The features of X-ray photogrammetry as it can be applied in the clinical setting are reviewed, together with some of the analytical methods of three dimensional reconstruction. A major effort in orthopaedics involves the further improvement in the durability of artificial hip joints, whose ultimate life is usually limited by loosening of the components within the bone. Current methods of assessment are described and a review presented of X-ray photogrammetry of the hip. It is believed that a proposed system at Oxford combines the best features of earlier methods. Some possible developments of X-ray photogrammetry in orthopaedics are suggested.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Water and environment journal 4 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1747-6593
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: The Isle of Wight water metering trial is one of twelve being conducted in England and Wales. The paper describes the consultations that were undertaken, leading up to the design of a metered tariff to meet local requirements. The trial was designed to investigate the problems which a large-scale implementation of water metering would have and specifically examines meters placed either within a property or laid at the property boundary. The particular problems that arose are discussed, and the problems associated with electrical earthing are briefly described.The trial, which commenced in the autumn of 1988, involves installing a water meter in all 53 000 Island properties. Southern Water Services Ltd engaged Southern Projects (a sister company within the Southern Water Group) to organize the installation work.The paper outlines the principal activities of how the trial was planned and executed, with some thoughts on the problems arising during the installation phase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Pharmacology 30 (1990), S. 123-147 
    ISSN: 0362-1642
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Medicine , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 112 (1990), S. 7416-7418 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 112 (1990), S. 5627-5628 
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 2 (1990), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The autoradiographic localization of radiolabelled taurine taken up in the rat substantia nigra in vivo together with conditions of release of the [3H]taurine taken up into brain slices were studied to determine whether they are consistent with the hypothesis that taurine may act as a neurotransmitter in the striatonigral pathway.At the light microscopic level the main cellular elements that became radiolabelled following the injection of [3H]taurine into the substantia nigra could be identified as glial cells. Electron microscope autoradiography confirmed that a subpopulation of glial cells including astrocytes, pericytes, and oligodendrocytes were radiolabelled and that neuronal perikarya were not radiolabelled. In addition, axonal elements including both terminal and preterminal boutons were found to have silver grains overlying them and were thus considered to be radiolabelled. This was supported by a quantitative analysis of the distribution of the silver grains; whereas glial elements had a significantly higher number of grains associated with them than with any other structure, axonal elements had a significantly greater number of grains than dendritic structures.Release of the preloaded [3H]taurine from superfused slices of substantia nigra occurred in response to veratridine, was calcium-dependent and was sensitive to inhibition by high magnesium concentrations or tetrodotoxin. Following the destruction of neurons in the striatum by ibotenic acid injections, although the weight of the ipsilateral substantia nigra was reduced, the uptake of [3H]taurine was not altered. In contrast to this, the veratridine-stimulated release was markedly attenuated, implying that the destruction of striatal neurons causes the loss of sites in the substantia nigra from which exogenous taurine is released.These results add further support to previous suggestions that taurine might act as a neurotransmitter or neuromodulator in the striatonigral pathway.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Two studies involving double-blind group comparative trials in human volunteers compared the effects of intranasal nedocromil sodium (2·6 mg active drug per nostril, q.i.d.) with placebo on clinical symptoms and performance impairment associated with the common cold. In the first study volunteers were challenged with rhinoviruses (RV9 and RV14), and in the second study with respiratory coronavirus. In both studies, active and placebo groups of volunteers were demographically similar. Infection rates in both groups were also similar. There were no withdrawals resulting from unusual symptoms related to either treatment. In the rhinovirus study (19, placebo; 20, nedocromil sodium) daily symptom scores and daily mean nasal secretion weights were significantly lower in the nedocromil sodium-treated group. In the coronavirus study (26, placebo; 27, nedocromil sodium) there was little difference in the severity of colds between the active and placebo-treated groups, but trends favoured nedocromil sodium. In both studies the impairment of performance in volunteers who developed a cold was significantly less in those treated with nedocromil sodium than in those treated with placebo.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The complete nucleotide sequence has been determined of a region of the Escherichia coli K5 antigen gene cluster postulated to encode functions for the translocation of capsular polysaccharide across the inner membrane. This revealed two genes, designated kpsM and kpsT, organized in a single transcriptional unit. Analysis of the predicted amino acid sequence of the KpsM and KpsT proteins indicates that they may function as dual components in a polysaccharide export system analogous to the periplasmic binding protein-dependent transport systems of Gram-negative bacteria. We propose that the KpsT protein acts as an energizer, coupling ATP hydrolysis to the transport process mediated by the KpsM protein. Extensive sequence homology between the KpsM and KpsT proteins and the products of the bexB and bexA genes present in the capsulation (cap) locus of Haemophilus influenzae, indicates that a common mechanism for the export of polysaccharide across the inner membrane may exist in these two microorganisms.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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