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  • 1990-1994  (417)
  • 1905-1909
  • 1992  (417)
  • Life and Medical Sciences  (320)
  • Inorganic Chemistry  (97)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Autotransplantation of the adrenal cortex: A morphological and autoradiographic study (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    The @Anatomical Record 232 (1992), S. 262-272 
    Details
    ISSN: 0003-276X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A morphological and autoradiographic study was made of the adrenal gland of adult male rats after autotransplantation. The simple technique involved placement of pieces of the adrenal gland in a dorsal plane between the skin and muscle. Animals for morphological studies were sacrificed at 2, 3, 4, 7, 15, 30, 90, and 180 days after autotransplantation. Those for autoradiographic studies were sacrificed at 2, 3, 7, and 15 days after autotransplantation, with 3H-thymidine being administered intraperitoneally 2 h before sacrifice. Sham-operated animals were used as controls. The majority of glandular adrenal cells suffered necrosis in the first days (2 and 3) after autotransplantation. Up until 15 days and after revascularization, morphological features of the cells were compatible with protein synthesis exhibiting a developed RER, scarce SER, and mitochondria with tubular and lamellar cristae. These data may correspond to a proliferative phase of glandular cells. At day 15, cells showed morphological signs of steroidogenic activity (mitochondria with vesicular cristae, increase of SER), and at day 30, an increased number of microvilli were seen. Between 30 and 90 days zonation of the adrenal was evident with glomerulosa, fasciculata, and reticular zones readily apparent. The quantitative analysis showed a significant increase of the volumetric density of mitochondria and microvilli between the days 7 and 30.Autoradiographic studies showed an intense labelling of fibroblast-like cells at days 2 and 3 and of glandular cells at days 7 and 15, which was confirmed by the quantitative studies.Corticosterone in autotransplanted animals decreased during the first 15 days, but after 30 days the values were similar to controls. The model reported here seems to be good for study of the regeneration of the adrenal gland and can be a simple, useful, and reproducible method for adrenal transplantation.
    Additional Material: 17 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ar.1092320211
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modulation of collagen and fibronectin synthesis in fibroblasts by normal and malignant cells (1992)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 48 (1992), S. 150-161 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: tumor cells ; cell-cell interaction ; desmoplasia ; extracellular matrix ; stroma reaction ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: The influence of various normal and malignant human cells on the level of collagen synthesis by human fibroblasts was tested in coculture. As revealed by immunoperoxidase staining, in cocultures with breast adenocarcinoma cells (MCF7, SA52, T47D) fibroblasts synthesized collagen while tumor cells did not. Fibroblasts displayed increased collagen production without change in the overall protein synthesis. Several other types of cells derived from normal human tissues (keratinocytes, normal mammary cells) or from fibrosarcoma, melanoma, cervical carcinoma, choriocarcinoma, or other breast adenocarcinoma (SW613, MDA, BT20) did not affect collagen synthesis of fibroblasts. Although to a lesser extent, this stimulating effect was reproduced by using the conditioned medium (CM) of the active cells but not with CM of the other cell types. A slight stimulation was also obtained when tumoral MCF7 cells and fibroblasts shared the same medium but were physically separated, suggesting that close contact was required for optimal stimulation of collagen synthesis. The collagen synthesis stimulating activity was not related to a modification of fibroblast proliferation rate. The production of collagen types I, III, and VI and fibronectin were increased in cocultures of fibroblasts with MCF7 cells. The increased synthesis of collagen types I and III and fibronectin was paralleled by similar changes in the steady-state level of their mRNAs. On the contrary, the increased production of collagen type VI appeared regulated at a post-transcriptional level.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240480207
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Candidate biomarkers for applications as intermediate end points of lung carcinogenesis (1992)
    New York, N.Y. : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Biochemistry 50 (1992), S. 183-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: carcinogenesis ; chemoprevention ; intermediate end point ; biomarkers ; differentiation ; growth factors ; lung cancer ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: The need for validate intermediate end point markers to facilitate lung cancer chemointervention research is competing. Three major classes of lung markers are relevant for this application. Since lung cancer includes four distinct hitologies, markers that map degrees of histologic differentiation are important. Many of the markers for squamous differentiation overlap with the candidates for application in the study of head and neck cancer. Production of tissue-specific cell product especially for surfactant or CEA is of interest, because the gene structure is known and many differentiation-related polymorphisms exist. This strategy would be useful for adenomatous type of tissue. A second type of marker is the broad group of differentiation markers. The carbohydrates or blood group-like antigens comprise a representative example. Carbohydrate structures are expressed in a specific sequence during fetal processes, and this sequence appears to reverse with the development of a cancer. Retrodifferentiation of specific differentiation markers is the basis of a major effort to effect earlier lung cancer detection using sputum immunocytochemistry. The final class includes markers which affects either positive or negative aspects of growths. Candidates in this area include growth factors or their receptors or genes that regulate growth. If the intermediate end point marker reflects tumor biology and is in that casual path of tumor progression, serial observation of that parameter should indicate the success of the intervention. In all three of these examples the clinical material to be analyzed could be sputum specimens bonrchial biopsies or resected lung tissue. Systematic analysis of these markers in context of intervention trials required to validate their utility. Long term clinical follow up will demonstrate the degree of concordance between biomarkers and more traditional clinical trial end points and will establish if such tools can play a role in catalyzing the rate of prevention research. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcb.240501131
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stage-Specific expression of rat transition protein 2 mrna and possible localization to the chromatoid body of step 7 spermatids by in situ hybridization using a nonradioactive riboprobe (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 33 (1992), S. 385-391 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: Spermatogenesis ; Digoxigenin ; TP2 ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The present study has used methoxyacetic acid (MAA)-induced depletion of specific germ cell types in the rat and in situ hybridization with nonradioactive riboprobes to determine the stages of the spermatogenic cycle at which there is expression of the mRNA for the basic chromosomal protein transition protein 2 (TP2). On Northern blots, an abundant mRNA was detectable in samples from control adult rats, but the amount of message was markedly reduced when RNA was extracted from the testes of rats treated 14 and 21 days previously with methoxyacetic acid. These testes were depleted specifically of step 7-12 spermatids, suggesting that these cells contain TP2 mRNA. When tissue sections were subjected to in situ hybridization, the TP2 mRNA was localized at the cellular and subcellular levels. Messenger RNA for TP2 was first detectable in spermatids at step 7. In these spermatids, at high magnification, in addition to some positive reaction in the cytoplasm, intense staining was located to a perinuclear structure consistent with localization of mRNA within the chromatoid body. The amount of TP2 mRNA in the cytoplasm increased as remodelling of the early spermatid nucleus progressed and was highest in step 10 and 11 spermatids at stages X and XI. Thereafter, the mRNA decreased until it was undetectable in step 14 spermatids at stage XIV. The localization of TP2 mRNA to the chromatoid body of step 7 spermatids would be consistent with this organelle being a storage site for long-lived mRNAs utilized later in spermiogenesis. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080330404
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for the presence of an integrin cell adhesion receptor on the oolemma of unfertilized human oocytes (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Molecular Reproduction and Development 31 (1992), S. 215-222 
    Details
    ISSN: 1040-452X
    Keywords: RGD ; α5 ; Immunobeads ; Integrins ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The Arg-Gly-Asp peptide (RGD), contained in several extracellular matrix proteins such as fibronectin, laminin, vitronectin, and collagen, is a tripeptide that plays a role as a recognition sequence in many cell-to-cell and cell-to-matrix adhesion mechanisms, through its interaction with several receptors of the integrin family. We previously described the ability of the oolemma of hamster oocytes to bind GRGDTP coupled to the surface of activated immunobeads and demonstrated that RGD-containing oligopeptides inhibit the adhesion of human and hamster spermatozoa to zona-free hamster oocytes and their subsequent penetration. In the present experiments, we show, utilizing immunobeads coated with an RGD-containing peptide (PepTiteTM 2000), that the oolemma of unfertilized human eggs is also able to recognize this adhesion sequence. The binding of PepTiteTM 2000-coated immunobeads to the oolemma was inhibited by the oligopeptide GRGDTP as well as by fibronectin and laminin. When immunobeads were prepared with a PepTiteTM concentration of 10 μg/ml, GRGDTP 150 μg/ml, laminin 80 μg/ml, and fibronectin 60 μg/ml inhibited bead rosetting on the egg surface. These data suggest that a specific binding moiety for RGD is present on the human egg surface. The binding of fibronectin to the oolemma was also demonstrated by the rosetting of immunobeads coupled with antifibronectin antibody to human oocytes after their exposure to 1 mg/ml free fibronectin. Such binding of fibronectin to the oolemma could be inhibited by coincubation with a monoclonal antibody directed against the cell adhesion fragment of fibronectin. In addition, oolemmal rosetting of immunobeads coupled with a monoclonal antibody directed against the α5 subunit, usually part of the fibronectin receptor VLA 5 (α5β1), provided additional evidence that a putative fibronectin receptor is present on the oolemma of human eggs.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1080310309
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Insertional mutation of a gene involved in growth regulation of the early mouse embryo (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    American Journal of Anatomy 194 (1992), S. 198-208 
    Details
    ISSN: 0002-9106
    Keywords: Mouse developmental mutation ; Hyperplasia ; Egg cylinder stage embryo ; Ectoderm ; ES cell transgenic mice ; Retroviral insertional mutation ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A transgenic mouse strain derived from embryonic stem (ES) cells infected with multiple copies of a retroviral vector carries a recessive insertional mutation resulting in prenatal lethality. A detailed histological analysis of developing embryos has shown that the mutation results in hyperplasia of both embryonic and extraembryonic ectoderm and failure of mesoderm formation in the egg cylinder stage embryo. The number of cells in each lineage of normal and mutant embryos was estimated using stereological analysis of serial sections taken from implantation sites. We observed a 2-fold increase in the number of embryonic ectoderm cells in mutant embryos at 7.5 days postcoitum (dpc). In addition, we found that mutant embryonic ectoderm cells are only 0.6 times as large as normal cells. The number of extraembryonic ectoderm cells in mutant embryos at 7.5 dpc is also increased, by almost 4-fold. Mutant extraembryonic ectoderm cells are also smaller than normal, being only two-thirds the size of wild-type cells. The mutant phenotype suggests that the gene identified by this insertional mutation plays an important role in the growth control of early embryonic lineages. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aja.1001940305
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth and motility of microvascular endothelium are modulated by the relative concentration of gangliosides in the medium (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 151 (1992), S. 23-28 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The data reported were obtained as an attempt to understand whether the change in total concentration and relative ratios of the 3 major corneal gangliosides (GM3, GM2, GD3) previously observed in corneas stimulated by an angiogenic molecule (Ziche et al., 1989) was a relevant event in the angiogenic response of the tissue. The effect on endothelial cell growth was tested for the 3 corneal gangliosides added singly to the culture medium, and GM3 was found to possess a substantial growth inhibitory effect as compared to GM2 and GD3. The growthlimiting effect of GM3 was counteracted to a different degree by the addition of a second ganglioside to the culture medium. A mixture of GM3 + GM2 + GD3 in the proportion similar to that found in the cornea stimulated by an angiogenic molecule was able to sustain a sharp increment in cell growth and motility when added to cultures of capillary endothelium. On the contrary, when the 3 components of the mixture were in the proportion present in the normal cornea, the increment in growth or motility did not occur. A simple change in the relative proportions of the 3 gangliosides was sufficient to trigger or prevent an increment in growth and motility of the endothelial cells. These data in vitro suggest that the changes in concentration and relative ratios of the 3 major corneal gangliosides observed in vivo when the cornea was stimulated by an angiogenic molecule were an event targeted to favour growth and mobilization of the capillary endothelium located within the limbal vessels at the periphery of the cornea. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 7 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041510105
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The peroxisomal import signal of amine oxidase from the yeast Hansenula polymorpha is not universal (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Yeast 8 (1992), S. 243-252 
    Details
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Amine oxidase ; peroxisomes ; Hansenula polymorpha ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; targeting signal ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Amine oxidase from the yeast Hansenula polymorpha is a peroxisomal protein. The signal for routing of the protein into peroxisomes has not been identified yet. Expression of a mutant amine oxidase in H. Polymorpha has revealed that the C-terminal sequence, which possesses an internal SRL tripeptide, is not involved in targeting (Faber et al., unpublished). We have explored heterologous expression of the amine oxidase gene (AMO) in Saccharomyces cerevisiae to investigate the conservation of peroxisomal targeting pathways between yeasts. Surprisingly, wide-type amine oxidase is not recognized as a peroxisomal protein by S. cerevisiae. The enzyme, which was fully active and acumulated to levels similar to those found in H. polymorpha, stayed entirely in the cytosol. However, fusing a SKL or a SRL sequence to the C-terminus forced the protein at least partially into peroxisomes of the heterologous host. These data suggest that the functional targeting sequence of amine oxidase may differ from the C-terminal peroxisomal targeting signal S/C/A-K/R/H-L (Gould et al., 1989). Contrary to the established tripeptide motif, the amine oxidase targeting signal appears not to be conserved between the different yeast species.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/yea.320080402
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Foot currents and ankle SARs induced by dielectric heaters (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Bioelectromagnetics 13 (1992), S. 103-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 0197-8462
    Keywords: dielectric heaters ; body currents ; SARs ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Occupational Health and Environmental Toxicology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Data are presented on ankle-specific SARs and foot currents as a function of strengths of radio-frequency electromagnetic fields encountered by operators of dielectric heaters. The determination of foot currents was based on near-field exposures in which reactive coupling dominates, and which can result in substantial SARs in exposed workers. The operators were located less than one wavelength from - usually within one meter of - the dielectric heaters, which generated fields at frequencies from 6.5 to 65 MHz. At distances normally assumed by workers, maximal strengths of electric fields ranged from 104 to 2.4 × 106 V2/m2; maximal strengths of magnetic fields ranged from 5.0 × 10-3 to 33.3 A2/m2. Currents through both feet to ground were measured while operators stood where they normally worked. Maximal currents ranged from 3 to 617 mA, rms. Nearly 27 percent of the dielectric heaters induced foot currents that exceeded the 200-mA limit that has been proposed for a new ANSI C95.1 standard. Twenty percent of the heaters induced foot currents that exceeded 350 mA. SARs in ankles were calculated from foot currents, and they approximated 5 W/kg at 100 mA, 29 W/kg at 250 mA, and 57 W/kg at 350 mA. The maximal SAR in the ankle was ∼ 176 W/kg at 617 mA. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250130204
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthetic and Structural Studies on Organotransition Metal-Gallium Complexes (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 125 (1992), S. 55-59 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Gallium-transition metal complexes ; Iron complexes ; Manganese complexes ; Molybdenum complexes ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The transition metal-gallium complexes [Ga(MLn)3] [where MLn=Fe(CO)2(η-C5H5), Mo(CO)3(η-C5H5), Co(CO)3(PPh3), and Mn(CO)5] have been synthesised by salt elimination between GaCl3 and MI(MLn) (MI=Na/K). The iron complex [Ga{Fe(CO)2(η-C5H5)}3] (1) has been characterised by X-ray crystallography and shown to contain a planar, three-coordinate gallium centre bound to three Fe(CO)2(η-C5H5) fragments by unsupported Ga-Fe bonds [av. 2.444(1) Å]. A partial structure determination of [Ga{Mo(CO)3(η-C5H5)}3] (5) is consistent with a trigonal-planar GaMo3 core. Brief mention is also made of two chloro complexes [GaCl(MLn)2] [MLn=Fe(CO)2(η-C5-H5) and Co(CO)3(PPh3)].
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19921250110
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