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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Down-Regulation of CGRP-Mediated cAMP Accumulation in ras-Transformed 3T3 Fibroblasts (1992)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 657 (1992), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1992.tb22796.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Human AT1 receptor is a single copy gene: Characterization in a stable cell line (1994)
    Springer
    Molecular and cellular biochemistry 131 (1994), S. 75-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4919
    Keywords: angiotensin II receptor ; gene ; stable cell line ; human
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract To address conflicting reports concerning the number of angiotensin II (AII) receptor type 1 (AT1) coding loci in vertebrates, Southern blot analysis was used to determine the genomic representation of AT1 receptor genes in animals comprising a divergent evolutionary spectrum. The data demonstrate that the AT1 receptor gene is present as a single genomic copy in a broad spectrum of animals including human, monkey, dog, cow, rabbit, and chicken. In contrast, members of the rodent taxonomic order contain two genes in their genomes. These two genes may have arisen in rodents as a consequence of a gene duplication event that occurred during evolution following the branching of rodents from the mammalian phylogenetic tree. In order to investigate the properties of the human AT1 receptor in a pure cell system, the recombinant human AT1 receptor was stably expressed in mouse L cells. An isolated cell line, designated LhAT1-D6, was found to express abundant levels of recombinant receptor [430±15 fmol/mg] exhibiting high affinity [KD=0.15±0.02 nM] for [125I][SAR1, IIe8] angiotensin II (SIA). The pharmacological profile of ligands competing for [125I] SIA binding to the expressed recèptor was in accordance with that of the natural receptor. Radioligand binding of the expressed receptor was decreased in the presence of the non-hydrolyzable analog of GTP, guanosine 5′-(γ-thio) triphosphate [GTPγS]. Angiotensin II evoked a rapid efflux of45Ca2+ from LhAT1-D6 cells that was blocked by AT1 receptor specific antagonists. In addition, AII inhibited forskolin-stimulated cAMP accumulation in these cells which was blocked by the AT-1 antagonist. Thus, the LhAT1-D6 cell line provides a powerful tool to explore the human AT1 receptor regulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01075727
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Antihypertensive activity of the non-peptide angiotensin II receptor antagonist, SK&F 108566, in rats and dogs (1992)
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 345 (1992), S. 673-678 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Renin ; Angiotensin II ; Hypertensive dog ; Hypertensive rat ; SK&F 108566
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The antihypertensive activity of the nonpeptide angiotensin II receptor antagonist, SK&F 108566 (E) - α - [[2 - butyl -1 - [(4 - carboxyphenyl)methyl] -1H -imidazol-5-yl]methylene]-2-thiophene propanoic acid, was examined in rats and dogs. SK&F 108566 produced dose-dependent decreases in blood pressure in renin-dependent hypertensive rats. At 10 mg/kg intraduodenally, mean arterial blood pressure fell from between 150–160 mm Hg to approximately 124 mm Hg. A sustained infusion of SK&F 108566 at 25 μg/min intraduodenally normalized blood pressure during 3 days of infusion and for 18 h following cessation of the infusion. Evaluation of the systemic hemodynamic effects of SK&F 108566 in chronically instrumented renin-dependent hypertensive rats demonstrated that the antihypertensive effects of SK&F 108566 were accompanied by a significant increase in cardiac output with little change in stroke volume. In dogs made acutely hypertensive by an intravenous infusion of angiotensin 1, SK&F 108566 resulted in dose-dependent decreases in blood pressure. The antihypertensive activity of SK&F 108566 at 10 mg/kg p.o. was maintained for between 13–15 h, a similar duration of action as observed with enalapril (1 mg/kg, p.o.). Administration of DuP 753 (losartan) intravenously caused a small and short-lived fall in blood pressure in the angiotensin I-infused hypertensive dog. However, the active metabolite of losartan, EXP 3174, resulted in a response of longer duration. In dogs made hypertensive by placement of an ameroid constrictor on the left renal artery, SK&F 108566 (10 mg/kg, p.o.) or enalapril (1 mg/ kg, p.o.) resulted in antihypertensive responses of at least 12 h duration. The data indicate that SK&F 108566 is a long-acting antihypertensive agent in the rat and dog.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00164582
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of ambient water vapor pressure and temperature on evaporative water loss inPeromyscus maniculatus andMus musculus (1978)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 128 (1978), S. 177-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-136X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The effects of ambient water vapor pressure (VP) and temperature on evaporative water loss (EWL) from the head and trunk ofPeromyscus maniculatus andMus musculus were measured with dew point hygrometry. At a given ambient temperature both head and trunk EWL were directly proportional to the water vapor pressure deficit. Cutaneous EWL in both species was directly related to the difference between saturated VP at skin temperature and ambient VP which is consistent with a simple diffusion process. In both species EWL from the head was independent of ambient temperature between 20 and 35 °C while the rate of cutaneous EWL more than doubled at 35 °C indicating a change in the water permeability of the skin. Possible mechanisms for this increase are discussed. Both species maintained nose temperatures of 3 to 9 °C below body temperature. Nose temperature was inversely related to the vapor pressure deficit. No significant response of body temperature or oxygen consumption to the water vapor pressure deficit was observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00689482
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interactions of radiofrequency radiation-induced hyperthermia and 2-methoxyethanol teratogenicity in rats (1997)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Bioelectromagnetics 18 (1997), S. 349-359 
    Details
    ISSN: 0197-8462
    Keywords: RF radiation ; industrial solvents ; glycol ethers ; developmental toxicity ; synergism ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Occupational Health and Environmental Toxicology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Radiofrequency (RF) radiation is used in a variety of workplaces. In addition to RF radiation, many workers are concurrently exposed to numerous chemicals; exposed workers include those involved with the microelectronics industry, plastic sealers, and electrosurgical units. The developmental toxicity of RF radiation is associated with the degree and duration of hyperthermia induced by the exposure. Previous animal research indicates that hyperthermia induced by an elevation in ambient temperature can potentiate the toxicity and teratogenicity of some chemical agents. We previously demonstrated that combined exposure to RF radiation (10 MHz) and the industrial solvent, 2-methoxyethanol (2ME), produces enhanced teratogenicity in rats. The purpose of the present research is to determine the effects of varying the degree and duration of hyperthermia induced by RF radiation (sufficient to maintain colonic temperatures at control [38.5], 39.0, 40.0, or 41.0 °C for up to 6 h) and 2ME (100 mg/kg) administered on gestation day 13 of rats. Focusing on characterizing the dose-response pattern of interactions, this research seeks to determine the lowest interactive effect level. Day 20 fetuses were examined for external and skeletal malformations. The results are consistent with previous observations. Significant interactions were observed between 2ME and RF radiation sufficient to maintain colonic temperatures at 41 °C for 1 h, but no consistent interactions were seen at lower temperatures even with longer durations. These data indicate that combined exposure effects should be considered when developing both RF radiation and chemical exposure guidelines and intervention strategies. Bioelectromagnetics 18:349-359, 1997. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Foot currents and ankle SARs induced by dielectric heaters (1992)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Bioelectromagnetics 13 (1992), S. 103-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 0197-8462
    Keywords: dielectric heaters ; body currents ; SARs ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Occupational Health and Environmental Toxicology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Physics
    Notes: Data are presented on ankle-specific SARs and foot currents as a function of strengths of radio-frequency electromagnetic fields encountered by operators of dielectric heaters. The determination of foot currents was based on near-field exposures in which reactive coupling dominates, and which can result in substantial SARs in exposed workers. The operators were located less than one wavelength from - usually within one meter of - the dielectric heaters, which generated fields at frequencies from 6.5 to 65 MHz. At distances normally assumed by workers, maximal strengths of electric fields ranged from 104 to 2.4 × 106 V2/m2; maximal strengths of magnetic fields ranged from 5.0 × 10-3 to 33.3 A2/m2. Currents through both feet to ground were measured while operators stood where they normally worked. Maximal currents ranged from 3 to 617 mA, rms. Nearly 27 percent of the dielectric heaters induced foot currents that exceeded the 200-mA limit that has been proposed for a new ANSI C95.1 standard. Twenty percent of the heaters induced foot currents that exceeded 350 mA. SARs in ankles were calculated from foot currents, and they approximated 5 W/kg at 100 mA, 29 W/kg at 250 mA, and 57 W/kg at 350 mA. The maximal SAR in the ankle was ∼ 176 W/kg at 617 mA. © 1992 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bem.2250130204
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