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  • 1
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Boron carbide thin films of several B/C ratios have been deposited on Si(111) using plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition from nido-pentaborane(9) (B5H9) and methane (CH4). X-ray diffraction studies of boron carbide thin films on Si(111) exhibited characteristic microcrystalline diffraction lines. Soft x-ray emission spectroscopy was used to verify that the local electronic structure and composition of each sample corresponded to a homogeneous solid solution boron carbide phase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 63 (1993), S. 406-408 
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Magnetization measurements of the hysteresis loop, M(B), of melt-textured Y1Ba2Cu3O7−δ (YBCO) crystallites were performed in external magnetic fields up to 10 T. The M(B) curves exhibit, between the superconducting transition temperature Tc and almost 39 K, a peak at a finite field B* which increases with decreasing temperature. The crystallites possess a high density of dislocations which could have been introduced during the high temperature treatment and/or by stresses created due to differences in the lattice parameter of small inclusions and the YBCO matrix. The large dislocation density together with the high sensitivity of the superconducting order parameter on deviations from the regular crystal structure and the small coherence length are suggested to be responsible for the observed fishtail shape of the magnetization curves.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1432-1076
    Keywords: Nitrogen balance ; Fat balance ; Very low birth weight infants ; Human milk protein ; Bovine protein fortifier
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The study was designed to compare two different human milk fortifiers in a group of very low birth weight (VLBW) infants by analysing nitrogen and fat balances, serum concentrations of alpha-amino-nitrogen, urea, and prealbumin as well as growth rates when human milk enriched with one of the two studied fortifiers was fed to the infants. Fortifier A contained different bovine proteins, peptides and amino acids and had an amino acid composition comparable to that of the nutritional available proteins in human milk, with carbohydrates, and minerals. Fortifier B was composed of freeze-dried skimmed human milk and minerals to achieve a similar macronutrient composition in both fortifiers. Eleven infants were fed with human milk enriched with fortifier A and 13 with fortifier B. After a 10-day equilibration period, a 3-day metabolic balance was performed. On the 14th day of the study blood was obtained preprandially for serum analysis and growth rates were estimated. The nitrogen absorption rate (93.8% vs 93.5%) as well as the retention rate (80.8% vs 78.5%) were no different between the groups. The fat absorption rate (92.3% vs 91.5%) as well as the weight gain (32.1 vs 31.1 g/day) were similar and there were no differences in the serum parameters studied. The results indicate that feeding VLBW infants with human milk enriched with a well-balanced bovine fortifier fulfil their nutritional requirements as well as diets composed exclusively of human milk protein.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Ectocarpus ; Feldmannia ; Phaeophyceae ; DNA-virus, marine ; Intergeneric gene transfer
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The marine brown algaEctocarpus siliculosus is invaded by a polyhedric virus, whose genome consists of circular, double-stranded DNA. In laboratory experiments this virus can infect a different host species,Feldmannia simplex. InfectedFeldmannia plants show severe somatic malformations. However, no functional virus particles are formed. SuchFeldmannia plants recover to resume a normal, symptom-free appearance. This result raises the possibility of intergeneric gene transfer in the natural habitat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 57 (1993), S. 605-613 
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The calculation of two-loop Feynman integrals within the dimensional regularization scheme requires the knowledge of scalar one-loop integrals up to the linear term inD-4. We give the corresponding explicit expressions in terms of polylogarithms for the general one-, two-and three-point function and for a special case of the fourpoint function needed for vertex corrections. Our results are valid in all kinematical regions for real masses and momenta.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Hydrobiologia 260-261 (1993), S. 37-44 
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Virus infection ; marine ; Phaeophyceae ; Feldmannia ; Ectocarpus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Culture studies with healthy and virus-infected isolates of Ectocarpus siliculosus, Feldmannia simplex and F. irregularis gave the following results: Virus particles are produced in deformed reproductive organs (sporangia or gametangia) of the hosts and are released into the surrounding seawater. Their infective potential is lost after several days of storage under laboratory conditions. New infections occur when gametes or spores of the host get in contact with virus particles. The virus genome enters all cells of the developing new plant via mitosis. Virus expression is variable, and in many cases the viability of the host is not impaired. Infected host plants may be partly fertile and pass the infection to their daughter plants. Meiosis of the host can eliminate the virus genome and generate healthy progeny. The genome of the Ectocarpus virus consists of dsDNA. Meiotic segregation patterns suggest an intimate association between virus genome and host chromosomes. An extra-generic host range has been demonstrated for the Ectocarpus virus. Field observations suggest that virus infections in ectocarpalean algae occur on all coasts of the world, and many or all Ectocarpus and Feldmannia populations are subject to contact with virus genomes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1438-3888
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Due to the geographical location and paleobiogeography of the Canary Islands, the seaweed flora contains macroalgae with different distributional patterns. In this contribution, the biogeographical relations of several new records of deep-water macroalgae recently collected around the Canarian archipelago are discussed. These areBryopsidella neglecta (Berthold) Rietema,Discosporangium mesarthrocarpum (Meneghini) Hauck,Hincksia onslowensis (Amsler et Kapraun) P. C. Silva,Syringoderma floridana Henry,Peyssonnelia harveyana J. Agardh,Cryptonemia seminervis (C. Agardh) J. Agardh,Botryocladia wynnei Ballantine,Gloiocladia blomquistii (Searles) R. E. Norris,Halichrysis peltata (W. R. Taylor) P. Huvé et H. Huvé,Leptofauchea brasiliensis Joly, andSarcodiotheca divaricata W. R. Taylor. These new records, especially those in the Florideophyceae, support the strong affinity of the Canary Islands seaweed flora with the warm-temperate Mediterranean-Atlantic region. Some species are recorded for the first time from the east coast of the Atlantic Ocean, enhancing the biogeographic relations of the Canarian marine flora with that of the western Atlantic regions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0951-4198
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Two congeners Q4 and Q5 inferred in earlier analyses to be cyclic succinimide-type dehydration product; of recombinant hirudin (variant 1) were structurally fully characterized. After isotopic labeling by ring-opening with H218O, the suspected anhydro-positions Asp53 and Asp33 were confirmed by tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) sequencing of relevant smaller peplides directly in the enzymatic hydrolysates (V8 protease) using electrospray MS/MS. The chosen strategy proved highly efficient and sensitive.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 0030-493X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The electron impact-induced halogen elimination from 2-methyl-2-bromosuccinates occurs only in the one of the two isomeric methyl ethyl esters in which the ethoxycarbonyl group is remote from the halogen, in analogy with the corresponding previously reported halosuccinates. However, the occurrence of debromination in dimethyl 2-methyl-2-bromosuccinate contrasts with the behaviour of dimethyl bromosuccinate, indicating different mechanisms for this process in the two systems. Collision-induced dissociation (CID) and deuterium labelling studies led to the conclusion that a hydrogen transfer from the 2-methyl group to a carbonyl precedes the elimination of Br· from dimethyl 2-methyl-2-bromosuccinate, resulting in a protonated dimethyl itaconate structure for the [M - Br]+ ion. An analogous process is the major route leading to [M - Br]+ ion from 1-methyl-4-ethyl 2-methyl-2-bromosuccinate. In this case deuterium labelling and CID measurements indicated a significant contribution of methyl ethyl citraconate and possibly mesaconate owing to partial operation of a mechanism similar to that reported for 1-methyl-4-ethyl 2-bromosuccinate.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 619 (1993), S. 1262-1268 
    ISSN: 0044-2313
    Keywords: Solid-State NMR ; Magic-Angle-Spinning NMR ; 11B MAS NMR ; chemical shifts, borates ; peroxoborates ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: 11B MAS NMR Studies on the Structure of Borate AnionsThe results of 11B MAS NMR studies on selected crystalline borates and peroxoborates show that the boron coordination number can be determined not only from the quadrupole coupling constant but also from the chemical shift values. Correspondingly, the B[3]:B[4] ratio can be determined quantitatively. In contrast to 27Al, 29Si, and 31P NMR data, however, the observed small variation of the 11B chemical shifts does not allow a more detailed information on the linkage of the coordination polyhedra and their environments. The method was applied to Ag borates with unknown structures. In the case of a borate with an Ag:B ratio of 1:3 the measured B[3]:B[4] ratio suggests a triborate structure of the anion.
    Notes: Die Ergebnisse von 11B-MAS-NMR-Untersuchungen an einer Reihe ausgewählter kristalliner Borate und Peroxoborate zeigen, daß sich die Koordinationszahl des Bor - ebenso wie aus den Quadrupolkopplungskonstanten - auch aus den chemischen Verschiebungswerten ermitteln läßt und eine quantitative Bestimmung der Anteile von B[3]:B[4] möglich ist. Die geringe Variation der 11B-Verschiebungswerte gestattet jedoch im Gegensatz zu entsprechenden 27Al-, 29Si- und 31P-NMR-Daten keine weiterführenden Aussagen über die Verknüpfung der Koordinationspolyeder bzw. über deren weitere Umgebung. Die Untersuchungen wurden auch auf Ag-Borate unbekannter Struktur ausgedehnt. Im Falle eines Borates mit einem Atomverhältnis Ag:B von 1:3 wurde aus dem ermittelten Mengenverhältnis B[3]:B[4] auf ein Triborat-Anion geschlossen.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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