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  • 1990-1994  (3)
  • 1993  (3)
  • Chemistry  (2)
  • contraction and expansion flow  (1)
  • Chemical Engineering
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Two-dimensional planar flow of a viscoelastic plastic medium (1993)
    Springer
    Rheologica acta 32 (1993), S. 181-191 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1528
    Keywords: Two-dimensional flow ; viscoelastic plastic medium ; yield surface ; contraction and expansion flow ; pressure drop
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The present study is concerned with finite element simulation of the planar entry flow of a viscoelastic plastic medium exhibiting yield stress. The numerical scheme is based on the Galerkin formulation. Flow experiments are carried out on a carbon black filled rubber compound. Steady-state pressure drops are measured on two sets of contraction or expansion dies having different lengths and a constant contraction or expansion ratio of 4:1 with entrance angles of 90, 45 and 15 degrees. The predicted and measured pressure drops are compared. The predicted results indicate that expansion flow has always a higher pressure drop than contraction flow. This prediction is in agreement with experimental data only at low flow rates, but not at high flow rates. The latter disagreement is possibly an indication that the assumption of fully-developed flow in the upstream and downstream regions is not realistic at high flow rates, even for the large length-to-thickness ratio channels employed. The evolution of the velocity, shear stress, and normal stress fields in the contraction or expansion flow and the location of pseudo-yield surfaces are also calculated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00366681
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Formation and textures of ethyl-cyanoethyl cellulose/acrylic acid mesophase (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 50 (1993), S. 607-613 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The formation, textures, and optic characteristics of the ethyl-cyanoethyl cellulose [(E-CE)C]/acrylic acid (AA) mesophase were studied using polarizing microscopy, spectro-photometry, and small-angle light scattering (SALS). The disklike, oily streak, planar, pseudoisotropic, polygonal textures and the texture of domains gathered randomly were observed in the mesophase. The polygonal texture in unitary mesomorphic solutions can be regarded as the texture from the combination of deformed mesophase aggregates with the disclike texture. The mesomorphic solution exhibits vivid colors when the concentration is about 42-52 wt % because of its selective reflection to visible light. The wavelength of the light that is selectively reflected shifts to the shorter wavelength, with increasing concentration. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1993.070500405
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization and radical polymerization of (E-CE)C/AA mesomorphic solutions (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 49 (1993), S. 125-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Ethyl-cyanoethyl cellulose (E-CE)C/poly (acrylic acid) (PAA) composites were prepared by polymerizing acrylic acid (AA) in (E-CE) C/AA cholesteric liquid crystalline solutions. The morphology and structure and the compatibility of composites prepared in different conditions were studied by small-angle light scattering (SALS), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray spectrometry, polarizing microscopy, and electron microscopy. Ho-mogeneous composites with the cholesteric structure could be obtained by photopolymerization. During the photopolymerization, however, the morphology of the liquid crystalline domains became crylindric and the axial direction of the cylindric domain was at an angle of about 45° to the layers of the ordered molecular chains. The polymerization initiated by azobisisobutyronitrile (AIBN) resulted in the phase separation. The morphology of the liquid crystalline domains was maintained although the cholesteric structure of the composite was partly destroyed. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.1993.070490115
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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