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  • 1990-1994  (3)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1994  (3)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytosolic compartmentalization of hepatic alanine: Glyoxylate aminotransferase in patients with aberrant peroxisomal biogenesis and its effect on oxalate metabolism (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of inherited metabolic disease 17 (1994), S. 27-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2665
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Two patients with atypical manifestations of aberrant peroxisomal biogenesis are described. Contrary to previous studies, which had shown that Zellweger syndrome patients usually have normal levels of urinary oxalate excretion, the patients in the present study had evidence of abnormal oxalate metabolism in the form of hyperoxaluria and, in one of the patients, calcium oxalate urolithiasis. Activity of the liver-specific peroxisomal enzyme alanine:glyoxylate aminotransferase (AGT), which is a major determinant of the level of endogenous oxalate synthesis in humans, was normal in one patient and markedly supranormal in the other. Using the technique of post-embedding protein A-colloidal gold immunoelectron microscopy, AGT was found to be mainly cytosolic in the livers of both patients, with significant amounts also localized in the nuclei. In a small minority of the hepatocytes of one patient, who was homozygous for the more common (major) AGT allele, large numbers of unidentified fibrillar arrays were found in the cytosol, which labelled heavily for immunoreactive AGT. The background cytosolic AGT labelling was markedly reduced in such cells when compared to the majority of cells that did not contain fibrils. In the other patient, who was heterozygous for the major and minor AGT alleles, there appeared to be low levels of mitochondrial AGT labelling. In the light of these data, the possible metabolic function of cytosolic AGT in the livers of panperoxisomal disease patients is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00735393
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    RFLP variation and genealogical distance, multivariate distance, heterosis, and genetic variance in oats (1994)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 87 (1994), S. 947-956 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Avena sativa L. ; Genetic distance ; RFLPs ; Heterosis ; Genetic variance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Patterns of restriction fragment length polymorphisms (RFLPs) have been proposed as estimators of genetic diversity among breeding lines and as predictors of heterosis and genetic variance. We evaluated these proposals by using a set of nine elite oat lines crossed in a diallel mating design without reciprocals. RFLP analysis was conducted using HindIII-digested DNA and a total of 107 probes from three different sources: 14 heterologous wheat cDNA clones, 17 oat genomic clones, and 76 oat cDNA clones. Of the 77 probes that produced high-quality autoradiographs, 26 detected polymorphisms among this set of lines, with an average of 2.6 variants per probe. RFLP-based genetic distance (FD) was calculated from these data by using Nei and Li's measure of genetic similarity, and was compared with two other measures of genetic divergence. Genealogical distance (GD *) was obtained from the coefficients of parentage based on known parental pedigrees, and multivariate distance (DI) was calculated by using the first five principal components of the parental correlation matrix for 12 agronomic traits. FD was significantly correlated with GD * (r=0.63, P〈0.01), but not with DI (r=-0.05). Cluster analysis based on these three distance estimates did not produce equivalent groupings, but the FD and GD * clusters were more similar to each other than to the DI clusters. These results indicate that: (1) sufficient variation exists for further application of RFLP technologyto oats, (2) RFLPs could provide accurate estimates of genetic divergence among elite oat lines, and (3) it is unlikely that dispersed markers can predict heterosis or population genetic variance in oats. Further investigations will require more parental lines, a larger set of markers, and more information on the linkage relationships between RFLP markers and loci controlling the trait of interest.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00225789
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Direct and correlated responses to three S1-recurrent selection strategies for increasing protein yield in oat (1994)
    Springer
    Euphytica 78 (1994), S. 123-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: oat ; protein yield ; groat yield ; protein concentration ; recurrent selection ; Avena sativa
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The objectives of this study were to evaluate the efficacy of S1-recurrent selection for increasing groat (caryopsis)-protein yield in oat (Avena sativa L.) and to compare the effects of three selection strategies on correlated responses in groat yield and groat-protein concentration. Three S1-recurrent selection programs were conducted for five cycles. Selection criteria in each program (line of descent) emphasized different components of protein yield; high grain yield in HG, both high grain yield and high groat-protein concentration in HP, and protein yield per se in HGP. Thirty to sixty random S0-derived lines from each cycle and ten check lines were evaluated in one year at two locations to estimate the response to selection. Groat-protein yield increased 4.4% cycle-1 in HG, 3.4% cycle-1 in HP, and 2.2% cycle-1 in HGP. Gains in groat yield were 7% cycle-1 in HG, 1% cycle-1 in HP, and 3% cycle-1 in HGP. Mean groat-protein yield and groat yield in the cycle 5 (C5) populations of all three lines of descent were equal to or slightly higher than those of high yielding cultivars. The HG line of descent showed a significant decrease from 193 to 175 g kg-1 groat protein, while the HP line of descent showed a significant increase from 202 to 218 g kg-1. The HGP line of descent showed a small but significant decline in groat protein from 200 to 192 g kg-1. In comparison, the high-protein commercial cultivars contained about 210 g kg-1 groat protein. The C5 population of the HP line of descent had a unique combination of high groat yield and high groat-protein concentration. Genotypic variances for groat-protein yield, groat yield, and groat-protein concentration were not always significant in the various cycles of the three lines of descent, but in no instance was there a consistent change from C0 to C5. S1-recurrent selection was effective for increasing groat-protein yield of oat, and with the proper germplasm and selection strategy both groat yield and groat-protein concentration can be improved simultaneously.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00021407
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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