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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology 353 (1995), S. 1-10 
    ISSN: 1432-1912
    Keywords: Key words Cyclic nucleotide-gated channels ; Second messenger ; Cyclic GMP ; Calcium ; Nitric oxide ; Molecular cloning ; Gene family
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Cyclic nucleotide-gated cation channels (CNG channels) form a multi-gene family consisting of at least five distinct members (CNG1–5). Expression studies have indicated that only CNG1–3 are able to form functional homooligomeric channels. Although structurally related, the cDNAs of CNG4–5 fail to induce cyclic nucleotide-dependent currents when expressed alone. However, when co-expressed with CNG1–3 they confer some of the physiologically observed properties of native CNG channels which are absent from the homooligomeric CNG1–3 channels. CNG channels are expressed in several tissues and cell types pointing to a general function of these channels in a wide variety of cellular systems. There is now increasing evidence that a major function of CNG channels may consist in providing a second messenger-regulated pathway for Ca2+ influx.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The journal of membrane biology 169 (1999), S. 103-109 
    ISSN: 1432-1424
    Keywords: Key words: Electropermeabilization — Electroporation — Apoptosis — Jurkat T-lymphoblast — HL-60 — Caspase
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract. Injection of electric field pulses of high intensity (kV/cm) and short duration (microsecond range) into a cell suspension results in a temporary increase of the membrane permeability due to a reversible electric breakdown of the cell membrane. Here we demonstrate that application of supercritical field pulses between 4.5 and 8.1 kV/cm strength and 40 μsec duration induce typical features of apoptosis in Jurkat T-lymphoblasts and in HL-60 cells including DNA fragmentation and cleavage of the poly(ADP ribose) polymerase. Apoptosis induction did not depend on the presence of any particular electrolyte in the extracellular medium. However, no apoptosis was observed in solutions without a minimum amount of salt. Apoptotic DNA fragmentation was prevented by the caspase inhibitor zVAD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1572-9486
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract During the first two years of operation, the TCV tokamak has produced a large variety of plasma shapes and magnetic configurations, with 1.0≤B tor≤1.46T,I p≤800kA,k≤2.05, −0.7≤δ≤1. A new shape control algorithm, based on a finite element reconstruction of the plasma current in real time, has been implemented. Vertical growth rates up to 1000s−1 have been stabilized using the external coil system. Ohmic H-modes with Troyon factors (β tor aB/I p) up to two and densities up to 2.25×1020m−3, corresponding to the Greenwald limit, have been obtained in diverted discharges. Limiter H-modes with line averaged electron densities up to 1.7×1020m−3 have been obtained in elongated D-shaped plasmas with 360 kA≤I P≤600 kA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 6 (1995), S. 325-329 
    ISSN: 1573-482X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Ge0.2Si0.8 Quantum Well p-MOSFETs with very thin gate oxides of 5 nm, 2.5 nm cap-layer and an optional Boron doped delta layer fabricated in a standard 0.6 Μm CMOS process have been analysed by C-V and I-V measurements at different temperatures. The maximum low field hole mobility calculated from drain conductance was increased by 70%; from 67 cm2/Vs for a reference Silicon epi transistor to 115 cm2/Vs at 300 K and by 100%; from 110 cm2/Vs to 220 cm2/Vs at 98 K. These values were obtained at relatively high doping concentrations in the channel, the mobile channel charge was directly obtained from high and low frequency C-V curves. The influence of the net doping density in the channel region on the device characteristics is demonstrated. In the high electric field region the drain current in the saturation region was improved by 20%; for the same threshold voltage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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