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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of the muscle tension on the masseteric silent period in children and adults (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 22 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: summary Three subject groups who have shown different biting forces were examined in order to investigate whether the physiological phenomenon that the duration of the silent period (SPD) of the masseter muscle would be influenced by background activities of the muscles. They were classified into child (CN, n= 10) and adult groups; the adult group was then further subdivided according to the strength of maximum biting force into a normal group (AN, n= 10) and a low biting force group with some symptoms (AS, n= 5). SPD was observed in maximum) and biting on a transducer (50N, 100N and maximum). With increase of muscle activities, SPD was significantly decreased in the AN and CN groups, whereas no significant changes were found in the AS group. When comparing SPDs among the three groups at the same voluntary effort, the AN group exhibited the shortest SPD followed by the CN and AS groups. The results suggest that SPD was positively influenced by the strength of the background activities of the muscles and that immaturity of the masseters in terms of muscle activity could affect the SPD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2842.1995.tb00210.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Decrease of 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid production in mouse lungs following dietary oleic anilide consumption: Implications for the toxic oil syndrome (1995)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 28 (1995), S. 524-528 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A study was performed to examine the ability of dietary oleic anilide to alter 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE) production. The structure of oleic anilide, synthesized by reacting oleic acid with aniline, was confirmed by mass spectrometry. The purity of oleic anilide, 75%, was measured by gas chromatography. Oleic acid, which constituted the remaining 25%, is a major component of the rapeseed oil vehicle. Balb/c mice were fed oleic anilide as 0.75% of their diet by weight for three weeks. Their lungs were excised and examined for 12-HETE production in vitro. The 12-HETE levels were significantly (p〈0.01) lower in mice fed oleic anilide than in mice fed the oleic acid control diet. This result illustrates eicosanoid production as a target of fatty acid anilide toxicity. The fatty acid composition, including arachidonic acid, of mouse lungs from both dietary groups was not different. This confirms the availability of substrate for 12-lipoxygenase in both groups. Spleen weights were higher in mice fed oleic anilide than in control mice (p〈0.005). These observations are relevant to immunoregulation and the autoimmune syndromes noted in patients of the Toxic Oil Syndrome (TOS).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00211637
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adrenal nonhyperfunctioning adenoma and nonadenoma: CT attenuation value as discriminative index (1995)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 20 (1995), S. 559-562 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Adrenal neoplasms ; Abdomen, CT ; Adrenal adenoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Background When an asymptomatic adrenal mass is incidentally discovered on abdominal CT scans, the distinction between a nonhyperfunctioning adenoma and a nonadenoma would be important. Methods We evaluated the CT findings of 36 adrenal masses (14 nonhyperfunctioning adenomas, 22 nonadenomas) in 34 patients with no evidence of hormonal hypersecretion. CT attenuation values of adrenal masses on CT scans were calculated by setting a circular region of interest as large as possible in the center of each adrenal mass. Results Below 20 HU in CT attenuation values, all adrenal masses, except one case of ganglioneuroma with myxomatous change, were nonhyperfunctioning adenomas. With an arbitrary threshold of 20 HU, the sensitivity of CT attenuation values in distinguishing nonhyperfunctioning adenomas from nonadenomas was 64%, the specificity was 95%, and the accuracy was 83%. When decreasing the threshold to 15 HU, the sensitivity was 64%, the specificity was 100%, and the accuracy was 86%. The CT attenuation value on noncontrast CT was more useful for making this distinction than the size and interior homogeneity. Conclusions Our data suggest that an asymptomatic adrenal mass with homogeneous low attenuation (≦15 HU) and less than or equal to 4 cm indicates a nonhyperfunctioning adenoma, and no further examinations are necessary. CT attenuation value on non-contrast CT is the most important discriminatory factor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01256711
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of two novel amino acid polymorphisms in beta-cell/liver (GLUT2) glucose transporter in Japanese subjects (1995)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 38 (1995), S. 211-215 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Diabetes ; glucose transporter ; insulin receptor substrate-1 ; insulin ; genetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The beta-cell/liver glucose transporter (GLUT2) gene was screened for mutations using single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis (SSCP) in 30 Japanese subjects with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Analysis of all exons and adjacent intron regions identified six SSCP polymorphisms, three of which resulted in amino acid substitutions: V101I, T110I and G519E. The V101I and G519E substitutions represent new polymorphisms in this gene. The six polymorphisms were observed in both NIDDM and control groups and there were no significant differences in allele frequencies between groups. A portion of the insulin receptor substrate 1 gene in 30 NIDDM subjects and in normal control subjects was also screened for mutations. Two SSCP variants that change the sequence of the protein, δS686/687 (deletion of the codons for serine-686 and 687) and G972R, were identified in two different NIDDM subjects, both whom were also heterozygous for the V101I polymorphism in GLUT2. The GLUT2 and IRS1 amino acid polymorphisms did not show a simple pattern of co-inheritance with NIDDM in the families of these subjects suggesting that neither polymorphism is sufficient to cause NIDDM but may increase diabetes-susceptibility through their interaction with other loci and environmental factors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00400096
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Muscle determinants in the ascidian egg are inactivated by UV irradiation and the inactivation is partially rescued by injection of maternal mRNAs (1995)
    Springer
    Development genes and evolution 204 (1995), S. 180-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-041X
    Keywords: Ascidians ; Egg fragments ; Muscle determinants ; UV-sensitivity ; Maternal messenger RNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The ascidian egg contains cytoplasmic determinants that specify the fate of larval muscle cells. In a previous study, we developed an experimental system to identify the molecular nature of muscle determinants, in which unfertilized Ciona savignyi eggs were fragmented into four pieces by centrifugation. When inseminated, only nucleated fragments (red fragments) develop into partial embryos that only show differentiation of epidermal cells. One type of enucleated fragment (black fragment) has the remarkable ability to promote muscle differentiation when fused with red fragments. In the present study, using this experimental system, we investigated the molecular nature of muscle determinants. UV irradiation of black fragments suppressed the ability to promote expression of the muscle-specific protein, myosin heavy chain. The wavelength of UV light responsible for the inactivation (250–275 nm) suggested that UV-sensitive targets are nucleic acids. Injection of poly(A)+ RNA isolated from an un-irradiated black-fragment-rich fraction into UV-irradiated black fragments partially recovered the ability to promote the expression of myosin heavy chain protein. Poly(A)+ RNA from a red-fragment-rich fraction did not rescue the suppression of UV-irradiated black fragments. These results suggest that maternal mRNAs enriched in black fragments are closely associated with muscle determinants in the ascidian egg.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00241270
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of two novel amino acid polymorphisms in beta-cell/liver (GLUT2) glucose transporter in Japanese subjects (1995)
    Springer
    Diabetologia 38 (1995), S. 211-215 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0428
    Keywords: Key words Diabetes ; glucose transporter ; insulin receptor substrate-1 ; insulin ; genetics.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The beta-cell/liver glucose transporter (GLUT2) gene was screened for mutations using single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis (SSCP) in 30 Japanese subjects with non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM). Analysis of all exons and adjacent intron regions identified six SSCP polymorphisms, three of which resulted in amino acid substitutions: V101I, T110I and G519E. The V101I and G519E substitutions represent new polymorphisms in this gene. The six polymorphisms were observed in both NIDDM and control groups and there were no significant differences in allele frequencies between groups. A portion of the insulin receptor substrate 1 gene in 30 NIDDM subjects and in normal control subjects was also screened for mutations. Two SSCP variants that change the sequence of the protein, ΔS686/687 (deletion of the codons for serine-686 and 687) and G972R, were identified in two different NIDDM subjects, both whom were also heterozygous for the V101I polymorphism in GLUT2. The GLUT2 and IRS1 amino acid polymorphisms did not show a simple pattern of co-inheritance with NIDDM in the families of these subjects suggesting that neither polymorphism is sufficient to cause NIDDM but may increase diabetes-susceptibility through their interaction with other loci and environmental factors. [Diabetologia (1995) 38: 211–215]
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00400096
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of organic, inorganic and particulate iodine in the coastal atmosphere of Japan (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 196 (1995), S. 295-302 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract A reliable method for the sampling and analysis of atmospheric iodine species was developed. The air filtering system consisted of a 0.4 μm Nuclepore® filter, 47 mm in diameter, for particulate collection followed by two, 47 mm in diameter, cellulose filters for inorganic iodine collection. The latter filters had been impregnated with 1N LiOH in a 10% glycerol-water mixture. The organic iodine was collected by two beds holding 0.2 g of fibriform activated charcoal produced from phenol resin. Supplementation of the charcoal with triethylendiamine (TEDA) enhanced the sorption ability for gaseous iodine. The filters were analyzed by neutron activation analysis. The background radioactivity could be reduced by using the fibriform activated charcoal due to the low content of impurities in the phenol resin. The background count for128I (443 keV) obtained from the fibriform activated charcoal was about one order of magnitude lower than that of the conventional granular one (plant origin). Approximate detection limits for particulate, inorganic and organic iodine were 1, 0.5 and 0.5 ng/m3, respectively, when 50 m3 of air was sampled by this system. The air was sampled at two locations along the coast of Ibaraki, Japan. The concentration ranges of particulate, inorganic and organic iodine were 0.3–3.4, 1.2–3.3 and 7.8–20.4 ng/m3, respectively. Almost 90% of the atmospheric iodine was in a gaseous form in which organic iodine was dominant.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02038047
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Determination of129I and127I in environmental samples by neutron activation analysis (NAA) and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 197 (1995), S. 149-159 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract In order to assess the levels and behavior of129I (half-life: 1.6×107 y) and127I (stable) in the environment, we have developed analytical procedures involving neutron activation analysis (NAA). Environmental samples collected around Tokaimura, Ibaraki Prefecture, Japan, have been analyzed using this method. Ranges of129I and127I concentrations in surface soil were 0.9–180 mBq kg−1 and 1–60 mg kg−1, respectively. Higher129I concentrations were found in soil samples collected from coniferous forests, suggesting a contribution from tree canopies in the deposition of this nuclide. Most of the129I in soil, was found to be retained in the first 10 cm. The129I/127I ratios in wheat fields were lower than those in rice paddy fields. A soil sample collected by IAEA from an area contaminated by the Chemobyl accident was also determined. The129I concentration and the129I/127I ratio were 1.6 mBq kg−1 and 1.7×10−7, respectively. The129I level in this sample was higher than the values obtained in areas far from nuclear facilities in Japan. It was suggested that the analysis of129I in soils in the Chernobyl area may be useful in evaluating the131I levels at the time of the accident. Analyses of129I and127I by ICP-MS in water samples were also made. The analytical speed of this method was very high, i.e., 3 minutes for a sample. However, there is a sensitivity limitation for129I detection due to interference from129Xe with the129I peak. The detection limits for129I and127I in water samples were about 0.5 mBq ml−1 and 0.1 ng ml−1, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02040227
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tracer experiments on the behavior of radioiodine in the soil-plant-atmosphere system (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 194 (1995), S. 303-310 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract In order to obtain information on the behavior of long-lived129I in the soil-plant-atmosphere system, two different experiments, transfer factors and volatilization of iodine, have been conducted by radiotracer techniques using125I. Soil-to-plant transfer factors varied very widely. Low values were found in tomato (0.0003) and rice (0.0019). The highest value for an edible part was seen in komatsuna,Brassica rapa L. (0.016), which is comparable to the IAEA recommended value of iodine for common crops (0.02). There was a tendency for older leaves to show higher concentrations than younger ones. The values for fruit, grain and beans were significantly lower than those for their leaves. Thus translocation of iodine with photosynthate from leaves into these plant organs was very small. Iodine in soil was found to be volatilized from the soil-rice plant system into the atmosphere as an organic iodine. Volatilization markedly decreased in the late cultivation period of rice plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02038428
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrogen trapping in an Al-2.1 wt % Li alloy (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 30 (1995), S. 1290-1294 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Hydrogen trapping in an Al-2.1 wt % Li alloy aged up to typical stages in the age-hardening curve, has been studied by measuring the tritium release rate after charging. The distribution of hydrogen in the aged alloy has been studied by tritium electron microautoradiography. It has been found that the coherent δ′ precipitate and the incoherent δ precipitate act as a trapping site for hydrogen, while the semi-coherent δ′ precipitate does not trap hydrogen. A dislocation has been found to be capable of trapping hydrogen, while hydrogen trapping by the grain boundary has not been observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00356133
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