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  • 2000-2004
  • 1995-1999  (15)
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  • 1995  (15)
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  • 2000-2004
  • 1995-1999  (15)
  • 1965-1969
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Shear flow in a two-dimensional Couette cell: A technique for measuring the viscosity of free-standing liquid films (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 66 (1995), S. 5603-5608 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A two-dimensional shear viscometer has been constructed and tested using free-standing liquid soap films. The viscometer, which is an analog of a three-dimensional Couette cell, consists of an inner rotating disk and an outer stationary ring. The viscosity of the liquid films can be reliably obtained by measuring either the transient response of the disk upon a stepwise increment of the applied stress on the disk, or by measuring the strain-stress relation in the steady state. The design can be easily modified to accommodate other types of flow which are useful for investigating hydrodynamic and rheological behavior in a variety of thin films, such as liquid crystal and polymer films. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1146027
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Blocking injected dark current in impurity-band-conduction photodetectors using a PtSi Schottky barrier (1995)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 67 (1995), S. 774-776 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An experimental investigation was made on the use of a PtSi Schottky barrier for blocking injected electron dark current in a back-illuminated impurity-band-conduction (IBC) photodetector, a device used for detecting long-wavelength infrared (LWIR) radiation. Measured results on the Schottky barrier height as well as current versus applied bias results are presented, and show that the desired blocking capability has been attained. At the low operating temperatures (∼10 K) of the IBC device, the injected dark current is below our measurement capability for applied biases of up to 10 V. Injected dark current in conventional devices occurs at biases of ∼1 V. The modified device configuration discussed here would enable one to store the mobile ionized donor charge for subsequent readout. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.115463
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reactions of Diazo Carbonyls with [PtX(CH3)(chiral diphosphine)] (X = Cl, Br, I): Chemoselectivity and Diastereoselectivity of Pt-C and Pt-X Carbene Insertion (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Organometallics 14 (1995), S. 3178-3187 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-6041
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/om00007a019
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    .alpha.-Thiolactones as Novel Intermediates in the Cysteine Conjugate .beta.-Lyase-Catalyzed Bioactivation of Bromine-Containing Cysteine S-Conjugates (1995)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Journal of the American Chemical Society 117 (1995), S. 9590-9591 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5126
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ja00142a038
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dictyostelium discoideum mitochondrial DNA encodes a NADH:Ubiquinone oxidoreductase subunit which is nuclear encoded in other eukaryotes (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 40 (1995), S. 616-621 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Dictyostelium discoideum ; Complex I ; NAD-reducing hydrogenase ; Mitochondrial evolution ; Endosymbiotic
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Complex I, a key component of the mitochondrial electron transport system, is thought to have evolved from at least two separate enzyme systems prior to the evolution of mitochondria from a bacterial endosymbiont, but the genes for one of the enzyme systems are thought to have subsequently been transferred to the nuclear DNA. We demonstrated that the cellular slime mold Dictyostelium discoideum retains the ancestral characteristic of having mitochondria encoding at least one gene (80-kDa subunit) that is nuclear encoded in other eukaryotes. This is consistent with the cellular slime molds of the family Dictyosteliaceae having diverged from other eukaryotes at an early stage prior to the loss of the mitochondrial gene in the lineage giving rise to plants and animals. The D. discoideum mitochondrially encoded 80-kDa subunit of complex I exhibits a twofold-higher mutation rate compared with the homologous chromosomal gene in other eukaryotes, making it the most divergent eukaryotic form of this protein.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00160509
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copper, cadmium, and zinc concentrations in aquatic food chains from the upper sacramento river (california) and selected tributaries (1995)
    Springer
    Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 29 (1995), S. 484-491 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0703
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Metals enter the Upper Sacramento River above Redding, California, primarily through Spring Creek, a tributary that receives acid-mine drainage from a US EPA Superfund site known locally as Iron Mountain Mine. Waterweed (Elodea canadensis) and aquatic insects (midge larvae, Chironomidae; and mayfly nymphs, Ephemeroptera) from the Sacramento River downstream from Spring Creek contained much higher concentrations of copper (Cu), cadmium (Cd), and zinc (Zn) than did similar taxa from nearby reference tributaries not exposed to acid-mine drainage. Aquatic insects from the Sacramento River contained especially high maximum concentrations of Cu (200 mg/kg dry weight in midge larvae), Cd (23 mg/kg dry weight in mayfly nymphs), and Zn (1,700 mg/kg dry weight in mayfly nymphs). Although not always statistically significant, whole-body concentrations of Cu, Cd, and Zn in fishes (threespine stickleback, Gasterosteus aculeatus; Sacramento sucker, Catostomus occidentalis; Sacramento squawfish, Ptychocheilus grandis; and chinook salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytasch) from the Sacramento River were generally higher than in fishes from the reference tributaries.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00208378
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunostimulating lipopeptide, LtriP (RP 56142): Comparison of the effect on hepatic cytochrome P 450 modulation and radioprotection in male and female of three mouse strains (1995)
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 51 (1995), S. 790-798 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Lipopeptide ; radioprotection ; immunostimulation ; cytochromes P 450
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The sex-dependent effect of lauroyl-L-Ala-D-γ-Glu-L,L-A2pmNH2 (LtriP, RP 56142) on hepatic microsomal cytochromes P 450 (cyt P 450) was studied in three mouse strains NMRI, C3H/OuJ and C3H/HeJ. In NMRI and C3H/OuJ, strains which are responsive to bacterial lipopolysaccharides (LPS-responsive), regardless of the sex of the mouse, significant decrease in the amount of cyt P 450 was observed after LtriP treatment, with a concomitant reduction in ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase (cyt P 450 1A-dependent) and 7-ethoxycoumarin-O-deethylase activities. This was not seen in C3H/HeJ (LPS-hyporesponsive) mice. These effects may be related to LtriP-dependent cytokine induction, since neither LtriP nor LPS stimulated interleukin-1 (IL-1) secretion by C3H/HeJ macrophages. 11- and 12-hydroxylations (11- and 12-OH) of lauric acid were compared in C3H/OuJ and C3H/HeJ mice. LtriP depressed the total enzymatic conversion of lauric acid in the two strains without modification of the 11/12-OH ratio for C3H/OuJ or male C3H/HeJ mice. However, in females C3H/HeJ mice this decrease was particularly significant and concerned especially the 12-OH activity (a marker of cyt P450 4A family). Although males of the three strains were more sensitive to irradiation than females, LtriP exerted a sex-independent radioprotection on NMRI and C3H/OuJ mice. Its radioprotective effect was illustrated by the preservation of all the enzymatic activities studied in treated NMRI mice, contrary to irradiated control animals. In contrast, for the C3H/HeJ strain, males were not protected by LtriP treatment and, furthermore, females showed a marked sensitization to irradiation. The effects in CH3/HeJ strain implicate LtriP in the control of cyt P 450 induction and of sensitivity to irradiation independently of IL-1 induction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01922432
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Comparative pharmacology of nicotine and ABT-418, a new nicotinic agonist (1995)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 120 (1995), S. 483-490 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Nicotine ABT-418 ; Antinociception ; Hypothermia ; Locomotor activity ; Drug discrimination
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract ABT-418, a novel cholinergic ligand, was reported to possess potent cognitive-enhancing and anxiolytic properties in animal models with reduced side effects (Decker et al. 1994; Garvey et al. 1994) suggesting selectivity of effects. In this study, the binding properties of ABT-418 to [3H]-nicotine sites were evaluated and its pharmacology investigated in different tests in laboratory animals. ABT-418 binds with high affinity to3H-nicotine binding sites in the brain with, however, a Ki (6 nM) less than that of nicotine (four-fold). In addition, it acts as a full nicotinic agonist in producing hypomotility, hypothermia and antinociception in mice and engendering nicotine-like responding in rat drug discrimination. The potency of ABT-418 is three to four times less than that of nicotine in all of the animal models, except for hypothermia. In addition, its behavioral effects are completely blocked by mecamylamine, a non-competitive nicotinic antagonist. Although activation of nicotinic receptors by ABT-418 produced several behavioral and pharmacological effects, our results do not suggest high selectivity of different effects as reported by Decker et al. (1994) and Garvey et al. (1994). However, it should be noted that we did not perform some of these tests that produced effects at low doses (Decker et al. 1994) and additional pharmacological studies are needed to establish its selectivity at multiple nicotinic receptors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02245822
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In vivo pharmacological effects of dihydro-β-erythroidine, a nicotinic antagonist, in mice (1995)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 117 (1995), S. 67-73 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Nicotine dihydro-β-erythroidine ; Antinociception ; Calcium ; Mecamylamine ; Mice
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The comparative in vivo pharmacology of mecamylamine and dihydro-β-erythroidine (DHβE) in mice was studied. Modulation of the behavioral effects (antinociception, hypomotility, motor impairment and hypothermia) of nicotine in mice by DHβE and mecamylamine were carried out. After SC administration, DHβE and mecamylamine were nearly equipotent in blocking nicotine's effects except for antinociception, in which mecamylamine was clearly more potent. Intrathecal injection of DHβE was also effective in blocking the antinociceptive effect of nicotine. In vivo interaction of DHβE with calcium and calcium channels, involved in the central actions of nicotine, showed that intrathecal administration of DHβE failed to reduce the antinociception induced by diverse drugs which increase intracellular calcium such as thapsigargin, (±)-BAYK 8644 and calcium, indicating that this antagonist does not affect calcium-dependent mechanisms involved in antinociception. On the other hand, mecamylamine blocked the antinociceptive effect of the calcium modulatory drugs, suggesting that it may be acting on calcium-dependent mechanisms involved in the intracellular signaling process. We conclude that DHβE, a nicotinic neuromuscular antagonist, is able to block some of the central actions of nicotine after systemic and intrathecal administration. The mechanism of blockade is different from that of mecamylamine, a classical ganglionic antagonist, and may involve a direct action of DHβE on nicotine receptor.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02245100
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pharmacological specificity of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol discrimination in rats (1995)
    Springer
    Psychopharmacology 118 (1995), S. 419-424 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2072
    Keywords: Δ9-THC ; Drug discrimination ; Benzodiazepines ; Specificity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract While many previous studies have shown that a variety of cannabinoids substitute and cross-substitute for Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) in drug discrimination procedures, few have systematically examined potential THC-like effects of non-cannabinoid compounds. The purpose of the present study was to delineate further the pharmacological specificity of THC discrimination. Rats were trained to discriminate THC (3.0 mg/kg) from vehicle. Following determination of a dose-effect curve with THC, substitution tests with selected compounds from a variety of pharmacological classes, includingl-phenylisopropyl adenosine, dizocilpine, dextromethorphan, clozapine, buspirone, MDL 72222, muscimol, midazolam and chlordiazepoxide, were performed. Whereas THC produced full dose-dependent substitution, substitution tests with non-cannabinoid drugs resulted in less than chance (50%) levels of responding on the THC-appropriate lever, with the exception of (+)-MDMA (2.5 mg/kg, 50%) and diazepam (3.0 mg/kg, 67%). These results are consistent with those of previous studies and suggest that the discriminative stimulus effects of THC exhibit pharmacological specificity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02245942
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