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  • 1995-1999  (6)
  • 1995  (6)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    EFFECTS OF GAMMA-LINOLENIC AND EICOSAPENTAENOIC ACIDS ON BLOOD PRESSURE IN SHR (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 22 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. The present study was performed to determine whether chronic treatments with gamma linolenic acid (n-6, GLA) or eicosapentaenoic acid (n-3, EPA) would alter serum and red blood cell (RBC) unsaturated fatty acid composition, and to determine whether these treatments would affect blood pressure (BP), serum lipid metabolism and the development of atherosclerosis in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).2. To compare the effects on atherosclerosis, some SHR were denuded of aortic endothelium so that the development of atherosclerosis would be accelerated. Olive oil (control), GLA or EPA (low dose: 5 mg/day per rat, high dose: 50 mg/day per kg, respectively) was administered intraperitoneally for 6 weeks in SHR.3. GLA treatments increased GLA and its metabolite, dihomo-GLA, levels in serum but not in RBC, while EPA treatments increased EPA level both in serum and in RBC.4. The BP of control SHR was further elevated. EPA significantly reduced this elevation of systolic, mean and diastolic pressure within the first week and thereafter, whereas GLA did not affect BP elevation. Neither heart rate or bodyweight gain was affected by these treatments.5. Serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), and glucose (G) levels and the development of atherosclerosis were unaffected by either GLA or EPA treatment.6. In summary, chronic EPA but not GLA treatment slightly reduced BP elevation in SHR. Although chronic GLA or EPA treatment increased the respective serum level, these treatments unaltered serum TC, TG and G levels, and could not prevent the development of aortic atherosclerosis in SHR.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.1995.tb02930.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    HYPOTHALAMIC AND MEDULLARY GABAA AND GABAb-ERGIC SYSTEMS DIFFERENTLY REGULATE SYMPATHETIC AND CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEMS (1995)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical and experimental pharmacology and physiology 22 (1995), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1681
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: 1. To determine whether hypothalamic and medullary GABA (gamma-aminobutyric acid)B stimulation would affect the sympathetic and cardiovascular activities, and to determine whether these effects would be altered in hypertension, baclofen (a GABAb agonist) was injected into a hypothalamic pressor area (ventromedial hypothalamus, VMH), a depressor area (anterior hypothalamus, AH), or a nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) in normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).2. Intracetebroventricular (ICV) injections of a GABAa agonist (muscimol, 1 μg) decreased blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR). ICV injections of baclofen (2μg) elicited biphasic depressor and pressor effects, and these effects were abolished by a pretreatment with saclofen (GABAb antagonist, 100 μg, icv).3. Muscimol (400 ng) and baclofen (800 ng) injected into VMH decreased sympathetic nerve activity (SNA), BP and HR to almost similar levels, while saclofen injected into VMH increased HR without affecting BP levels.4. The same dose of baclofen injected into AH increased BP, but muscimol (AH) did not alter BP.5. Both muscimol and baclofen injected into NTS increased BP, but its magnitude was larger in baclofen injections.6. Depressor and sympathoinhibitory effects of baclofen (VMH) in SHR were larger than those in normotensive Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats, while pressor responses elicited by baclofen (AH) did not differ between SHR and WKY.7. In summary, GABA reduces SNA, BP and HR through both GABAa and GABAb receptors in VMH. In addition, the GABAb system acts on AH and NTS to further regulate the cardiovascular activities. In SHR, GABAB-ergic dysfunction in VMH but not in AH might contribute to the development of hypertension.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1681.1995.tb02966.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxygen-induced structural change of the tetragonal phase around the tetragonal–cubic phase boundary in ZrO2–YO1.5 solid solutions. Addendum (1995)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 51 (1995), S. 381-381 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5740
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108768195099848
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synaptic loss in the proximal axon of anterior horn neurons in motor neuron disease (1995)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 90 (1995), S. 170-175 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ; Motor ; neuron disease ; Axon hillock ; Initial segment ; Synapse
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This report deals with an ultrastructural investigation of the synapses of the proximal axons of normal-appearing anterior horn neurons of 7 patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and 4 patients with motor neuron disease who had no upper motor neuron and corticospinal tract involvement (lower motor neuron disease, LMND). Specimens from 12 age-matched individuals who died of non-neurological diseases served as controls. Proximal axons directly emanating from the normal-appearing neurons were examined: 42 axons were from ALS patients, 43 from LMND patients and 87 from controls. Our results show that the number of synapses on axon hillocks, as well as the lengths of the synaptic contact and of the active zone were reduced in both groups of patients (P 〈 0.0001), but no significant differences were seen between patients and controls with respect to the synaptic parameters of initial axon segments. There was no overall difference between ALS and LMND patients. These findings suggest that the electrophysiological functions pertaining to integration of electrical inputs into the axon and information transduction on the axon may be greatly impaired in the early stages of motor neuron diseases, and that the observed synaptic alterations may be pathological events, likely to be due to anterior horn neuron degeneration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00294317
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Phase F, a new hydrous magnesium silicate synthesized at 1000 °C and 17 GPa: Crystal structure and estimated bulk modulus (1995)
    Springer
    Physics and chemistry of minerals 22 (1995), S. 295-299 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2021
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The structure of phase F, a non-stoichiometric hydrous silicate synthesized in a uniaxial, split-sphere, multi-anvil apparatus at conditions of 17 GPa and 1000° C, has been solved and refined in space group P63cm, using synchrotron X-ray data for a single crystal of a size 18 × 24 × 30 μm. The composition and unit cell for phase F are Mg3.35Si5.51H7.26O18, a=5.073(3) Å, c=14.013(9) Å, 7= 312.3(5) Å3. The structure contains layers with many similarities to superhydrous phase B. The layers of oxygen atoms are stacked in the ABCBAC-type double cubic closest packing arrangement. The bulk modulus of phase F was estimated from the structural and compositional relationship to superhydrous phase B and periclase.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00202769
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-pressure Raman study of dense methane: CH4 and CD4 (1995)
    Chichester [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Raman Spectroscopy 26 (1995), S. 963-967 
    Details
    ISSN: 0377-0486
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: High-pressure Raman spectra of liquid and solid CH4 and CD4 were measured up to 18 and 13 GPa, respectively, at 300 K in a gasketed diamond-anvil cell. On the basis of visual observations under the polarizing microscope and changes in the Raman spectra, it was confirmed that there are only two solid phases (I and VII) for CH4 and CD4 at 300 K up to 18 GPa; no solid-solid phase transition was found around 12 GPa, in contrast to earlier claims. In phase VII, some molecules are orientationally ordered, whereas others are orientationally disordered, just like the low-temperature solid phases II, III, IV and V.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jrs.1250261007
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