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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Local probe measurements of current filamentation in p-germanium (1996)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 80 (1996), S. 6298-6303 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Current filaments formed in the parameter regime of the low-temperature impurity impact ionization breakdown of p-germanium were investigated by measuring tunneling and point contact characteristics of a scanning tunneling microscope tip fixed at certain sample positions under variation of the sample voltage. The results clearly indicate that the tip current is determined by local potential variations which can be interpreted by a model for the filament taking into account the finite electric resistivity of the sample contacts. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.363706
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Integrated YBa2Cu3O7−x magnetometer for biomagnetic measurements (1996)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 68 (1996), S. 1421-1423 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: An integrated dc superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometer has been fabricated using a YBa2Cu3O7−x–SrTiO3–YBa2Cu3O7−x multilayer process. The magnetometer consists of a 8.3 mm×8.6 mm pickup coil coupled inductively to a small washer-type SQUID with 9 Ω bicrystal junctions via an integrated 101/2-turn input coil. Using simple direct-coupled read-out electronics with additional positive feedback, a noise level of 9.7 fT/(square root of)Hz at 1 kHz and 53 fT/(square root of)Hz at 1 Hz was measured inside a magnetically shielded room. Due to the low noise level biomagnetic heart and brain signals with high quality and the very weak signals of the peripheral nerve system were recorded. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.116100
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection of the induction of Salmonella enterotoxin gene expression by contact with epithelial cells with RT-PCR (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    FEMS microbiology letters 146 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1574-6968
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: All strains of Salmonella enterica investigated were found to carry the Salmonella enterotoxin gene (stn) as determined by PCR and hybridization studies. However, when using CHO-K1 cells for testing the toxicity of the strains, not all strains showed a toxic effect (cell elongation) on the cells or did so only at a low level. The cultivation of Salmonella in contact with epithelial cells (IEC-6) led to an increase in the production of toxin. The stn gene expression was detectable with the help of the RT-PCR after 3 h of incubation. The RNA of the strains was isolated, transcribed into cDNA (with MMLV-reverse transcriptase) and amplified using PCR. The PCR products were separated electrophoretically using a polyacrylamide gel and detected by silver staining.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.1997.tb10189.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of intravenous cyclophosphamide pulse on peripheral blood lymphocytes in lupus erythematosus patients (1997)
    Springer
    Rheumatology international 17 (1997), S. 55-60 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-160X
    Keywords: Key words Lupus erythematosus ; Cyclophosphamide ; Lymphocytes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In the present study we investigated the long-term effect of intravenous pulse cyclophosphamide (CY) on lymphocyte surface antigens in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients. Blood samples derived from 17 lupus erythematosus patients were analysed using two- and three-colour flow cytometry. During the CY therapy, the total number of T lymphocytes (CD3+) was reduced by 31.4%, B lymphocytes (CD19+) by 67.4% and NK cells (CD16+) by 27.4%. Six months after the end of the CY regimen, these values recovered to entry levels. At the onset of the study we observed increased percentages of CD3+ CD25+, CD3+ CD4– CD8–, CD4+ CD29+, CD19+ and CD19+ CD5+ cells. The CY treatment regimen decreased the CD3+ CD25+, CD3+ CD4– CD8–, CD19+ and CD19+ CD5+ cells, but increased the CD3+ CD8+ subpopulation. Taken together, a deficiency of CD8+ T cells associated with CD4+ CD29+ predominance may imply an immune regulatory imbalance leading to abnormal CD4+ cell activation and in consequence to autoimmunity. Depletion of CD19+ cells combined with an enlargement of CD8 cells as a result of CY therapy may reduce the enhanced immune response in SLE patients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00006852
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tissue oxygen measurement and31P magnetic resonance spectroscopy in patients with muscle tension and fibromyalgia (1997)
    Springer
    Rheumatology international 16 (1997), S. 175-180 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-160X
    Keywords: Fibromyalgia ; Back pain ; Muscle tension ; Tissue oxygen tension ; Magnetic resonance spectroscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Muscle tissue oxygen tension was measured by a polarographic oxygen fine-needle probe, and inorganic phosphate and creatine phosphate spectra were recorded using magnetic resonance spectroscopy in patients with chronic low back pain and in patients with fibromyalgia. Results were compared with healthy controls. The tissue oxygen tension was markedly higher in those with tense muscles than in normal subjects. Magnetic resonance spectra for inorganic phosphate were higher in patients demonstrating muscle contraction, and intracellular pH was shifted in the alkaline direction in cases with increased muscle tension. Results show that hypoxia is not the result of increased muscle tension, as was thought previously, but results from oversupply of oxygen demanded by the muscle, leading to increased capillary perfusion and rising oxygen tension.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01330292
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Learning abilities depend on NMDA-receptor density in hippocampus in adult rats (1997)
    Springer
    Journal of neural transmission 104 (1997), S. 281-289 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Learning ; memory ; NMDA-receptor density ; cerebral cortex ; hippocampus ; rat
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The hippocampal NMDA-receptor is predominantly involved to establish long-term potentation (LTP) which is assumed to underlie fundamental molecular mechanisms of learning and memory. In the present study, NMDA-receptor density was investigated in parietotempral cerebral cortex and in hippocampus of commonly bred naive adult male Wistar rats which had performed well or poorly in the passive avoidance paradigm. NMDA-receptor binding was determined in saturation experiments using (3H) MK-801 as a ligand and data for K d and Bmax were calculated from Scatchard plots. In general, higher NMDA receptor density was found in the hippocampus as compared to parietotemporal cerebral cortex. This regional difference became particularly obvious in good performers but was abolished in poor performers. In the hippocampus, a significantly higher NMDA-receptor density could be found in rats which had performed well in the passive avoidance task as compared to poor performers. In contrast, no such differences could be found in parietotemporal cerebral cortex. The data may indicate that the reduction in hippocampal NMDA-receptor density is of functional importance, for cognitive abilities in both physiological and pathophysiological conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01273188
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the analytic continuation of rank one eisenstein series (1996)
    Springer
    Geometric and functional analysis 6 (1996), S. 572-586 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-8970
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02249264
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Untersuchungen zur Verbesserung des Designs eines alloplastischen epithelisierten Tracheaersatzes (1997)
    Springer
    HNO 45 (1997), S. 453-459 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0458
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Alloplastischer Tracheaersatz ; Polytetrafluorethylen ; Polyethylen ; Zellseeding ; Key words Alloplastic tracheal replacement ; Polytetrafluorethylene ; Polyethylene ; Cell seeding technique
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Replacement of the tracheal conduit remains an unresolved problem. The microporous material expanded polytetrafluorethylene (ePTFE) is suitable for tracheal reconstruction. The aim of our study was to improve the limited mechanical properties of this material by incorporating reinforcement elements and to examine the influence of these elements on host incorporation and epithelialization. In so dours ePTFE prostheses were reinforced with Ionomer cement and porous high density polyethylene (pHDPE) rings and implanted into the neck muscle of miniature pigs. One of these prostheses was epithelialized by a cell seeding technique and was thus placed into a tracheal defect. Results were examined grossly by endoscopy and than by light and scanning electron microscopy. The shapes of both types of prostheses showed a high stability. The reinforcement elements did not impair bioincorporation or the ability to epithelialize. In vivo interposition of an incorporated and epithelialized prosthesis to a host led to cell differentiation. The improved biomechanical properties of the prostheses waid and the reproducible formation of epitheliums are important advances in the solution of effectively correcting tracheal defects.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Das Problem der Herstellung eines funktionierenden alloplastischen Tracheaersatzes ist bisher nicht gelöst. Mikroporöse Biomaterialien aus ePTFE (expanded Polytetrafluorethylen) sind für die Wandstruktur einer Tracheaprothese geeignet. Ziel unserer Untersuchungen war, die ungenügende Kompressionsstabilität dieses Materials durch zusätzliche Verstärkungselemente zu verbessern und den Einfluß dieser Elemente auf Inkorporation und Epithelisierung zu untersuchen. Hierfür wurden ePTFE-Prothesen mit Spangen aus Glasionomerzement und porösem „High-density-Polyethylen” (pHDPE) verstärkt und in den Halswendermuskel von Minischweinen implantiert. In einem Pilotversuch wurde eine solche Prothese mit der Technik des Zellseedings epithelisiert und in einen Tracheadefekt interponiert. Die Ergebnisse werden durch licht-, rasterelektronenmikroskopische und endoskopische Befunde demonstriert. Bei beiden Prothesenformen konnte eine verbesserte Kompressionsstabilität erzielt werden. Inkorporation und Epithelisierung werden durch die Verstärkungselemente nicht beeinträchtigt. Die Interposition einer bereits im Muskel inkorporierten und epithelisierten Prothese in das physiologische Milieu führt zu einer Epitheldifferenzierung. Die Verbesserung der biomechanischen Eigenschaften und die reproduzierbare Epithelisierung der Prothese sind wichtige Teilschritte auf dem Weg zur Lösung des Gesamtproblems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001060050123
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Probleme der Wachstumshormonbehandlung bei kleinwüchsigen Kindern mit normaler Wachstumshormonsekretion (1997)
    Springer
    Monatsschrift Kinderheilkunde 145 (1997), S. 1194-1196 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0474
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Wachstumshormonmangel ; Wachstumshormontherapie ; Kleinwuchs ; Key words Growth hormone deficiency ; Growth hormone therapy ; Growth disorders
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Since 1985, some studies have tested the efficiency of treatment with recombinant DNA-derived growth hormone (GH) in children without laboratory evidence of classic growth hormone deficiency. Until now, it remained uncertain whether or not GH-therapy can improve the final adult height in non-GH deficient children. Besides, some major concerns must be critically discussed in order to evaluate the indication of GH-therapy in these children with short stature for various reasons. These concerns include psychological and sociomedical aspects of unrestricted growth promoting therapy.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In mehreren klinischen Studien und Behandlungsversuchen wurde und wird biosynthetisches Wachstumshormon (GH) auch bei Kindern eingesetzt, bei denen gemäß den aktuellen Definitionen (z.B. der Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Pädiatrische Endokrinologie) kein Wachstumshormonmangel vorliegt. Bislang ist nicht gesichert, daß die Endgröße solcher Patienten nach Abschluß des Wachstums durch die aufwendige GH-Therapie signifikant verbessert wird. Unabhängig davon sollen im folgenden Beitrag einige ernsthafte individualmedizinische (v.a. psychologische) und sozialmedizinische Probleme diskutiert werden, die zum restriktiven Umgang mit der Indikation einer Wachstumshormontherapie bei Kindern ohne GH-Mangel mahnen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001120050219
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential p53 protein expression in stomach adenomas of gastric and intestinal phenotypes: possible sequences of p53 alteration in stomach carcinogenesis (1996)
    Springer
    Virchows Archiv 428 (1996), S. 223-227 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2307
    Keywords: Gastric-type adenoma ; Intestinal-type adenoma ; p53 Expression ; Mucin expression ; Carcinogenesis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract In a comparative study, the expression of p53 protein was investigated in intestinal- and gastric-type adenomas of the stomach. The former is a conventional type, which is well known to be a premalignant lesion of the stomach, but the latter is a rare, more recently noted entity. Of 28 intestinal-type adenomas, 17 (60.7%) contained more than 5% of p53 immunoreactive cells. In these adenomas, the extent of positivity for p53 protein was significantly higher in high-grade dysplasia than in low-grade dysplasia (P〈0.05), suggesting that p53 alteration plays a part in the dysplastic progression of intestinal-type adenomas. Among 18 gastric-type adenomas in which most of the tumour cells displayed gastric-type mucin, substantial expression of p53 protein was found only in the 3 tumours with high-grade dysplasia. Thus, the incidence of p53 expression was significantly higher in intestinal-type adenomas than in gastric-type adenomas (P〈0.01). These results suggest that p53 gene alteration is an earlier event in the gastric carcinogenetic sequence with the intestinal phenotype than in that with the gastric phenotype.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00196694
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