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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stochastic Simulation of Microseisms Using Theory of Conditional Random Fields (1998)
    Springer
    Pure and applied geophysics 151 (1998), S. 81-99 
    Details
    ISSN: 1420-9136
    Keywords: Key words: Stochastic simulation, stochastic interpolation, microseisms, stationary Gaussian process, conditional random fields, nonparametric test, sign test.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. —We examine the applicability of conditional stochastic simulation to interpretation of microseisms observed on soft soil sediments at Kushiro, Hokkaido, Japan. The theory of conditional random fields developed by Kameda and Morikawa (1994) is used, which allows one to perform interpolation of a Gaussian stochastic time-space field that is conditioned by realized values of time functions specified at some discrete locations. The applicability is examined by a blind test, that is, by comparing a set of simulated seismograms and recorded ones obtained from three-point array observa tions. A test of fitness was performed by means of the sign test. It is concluded that the method is applicable to interpretation of microseisms, and that the wave field of microseisms can be treated as Gaussian random fields both in time and space.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s000240050106
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ping-pong ball avalanche at a ski jump (1998)
    Springer
    Archive for history of exact sciences 1 (1998), S. 51-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0657
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: Abstract Three dimensional granular flow experiments were carried out on a ski jump with 300,000 ping-pong balls. Since the air drag was a large effect, the flow arrived at a steady state within a short distance. The terminal velocities attained showed a remarkable increase with the number of released balls. In addition, the flow formed a distinct head and tail structure, which has often been observed in large-scale geophysical flows in nature. Similarity analysis is used to show that the experiment corresponds to a natural snow avalanche that runs for several kilometers. Video cameras positioned above the flow allowed the measurement of the location and the distance of a single ball, which finally led to the particle velocity profiles. The static pressure depression measurements in and above the flow showed the air velocity profiles and suggested the strong interaction between the balls and the surrounding fluid(air). Computer simulation of 3-dimensional, inhomogeneous two-phase flows that uses the DEM for the particles and the Reynolds-averaged Navier Stokes equations for the fluid are currently in progress.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00010911
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Peliosis of the spleen: splenic rupture with intraperitoneal hemorrhage (1998)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 23 (1998), S. 201-202 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: CT—Spleen—Peliosis—Rupture.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Peliosis is a rare disease that is characterized by multiple blood-filled cystic spaces. We report the computed tomographic findings of splenic rupture secondary to splenic peliosis in a patient receiving anabolic steroids for aplastic anemia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002619900323
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    CT imaging of biliary enteric fistula (1998)
    Springer
    Abdominal imaging 23 (1998), S. 172-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0509
    Keywords: Key words: CT—Biliary enteric fistula—Pneumobilia—Cholecystoduodenal fistula—Choledochoduodenal fistula—Cholecystocolic fistula.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Background: To define the signs useful for differentiating between gallbladder–enteric fistula (GB-EF) and common bile duct–enteric fistula (CBD-EF) on computed tomography (CT) because the prognosis and management of the two are different. Methods: CT scans in 13 patients with pneumobilia, who had not had surgical biliary–enteric anastomosis and endoscopic sphincterotomy, were reviewed. The presence of fistula itself, the location of air in the biliary system, and the appearance of the gallbladder were assessed. Results: The causes of pneumobilia were GB-EF in seven patients, CBD-EF in three patients, emphysematous cholecystitis (EC) in one patient, gallbladder cancer (GBC) in one patient, and incompetent sphincter of Oddi in one patient. In three of seven GB-EF patients (43%) and in none of the three CBD-EF patients (0%), the fistula itself was detected. Air was detected in the common bile duct in four of seven GB-EF (57%) and in all three CBD-EF (100%) patients, and GBC. In six of seven GB-EF (86%) and in one of three CBD-EF (33%) patients, the gallbladder was contracted. Thus, the location of air and the contraction of gallbladder were useful signs to differentiate GB-EF from CBD-EF. Conclusion: CT can distinguish between GB-EF and CBD-EF.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002619900314
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Management of subarachnoid fluid collection in infants based on a long-term follow-up study (1996)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 138 (1996), S. 179-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Subarachnoid fluid collection ; subdural fluid collection ; subdural haematoma ; infant
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary We report the natural history and management of subarachnoid fluid collections in infants and their management based on a longterm follow-up study in 20 cases. These subarachnoid fluid collections were resolved spontaneously in 17 of 20 patients and only 3 by surgical intervention at the age of 2. In our 20 patients the natural history of subarachnoid fluid collection in infants was benign unless the patients sustained head trauma. Surgical treatment was performed in the cases where a subarachnoid fluid collection developed into a subdural haematoma. Head trauma may precipitate subdural haematoma in patients with subarachnoid fluid collection. All patients except one who underwent the placement of subdural-peritoneal shunt, attained normal psychomotor development in time. During the follow-up period of 3 to 10 years after resolution of the fluid collection, no patient has had a recurrence once it resolved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01411358
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Case report: glomus tumour of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses (1998)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 40 (1998), S. 527-529 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Computed tomography ; Glomus tumour ; Nasal cavity ; Sinuses ; paranasal
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Glomus tumours are relatively rare in the head and neck. We present a glomus tumour of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses in a 55-year-old man and describe the CT appearances of this tumour and its histopathology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002340050640
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Presence of DNase γ-Like Endonuclease in Nuclei of Neuronal Differentiated PC12 Cells (1998)
    Springer
    Apoptosis 3 (1998), S. 97-103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-675X
    Keywords: Apoptosis ; DNA fragmentation ; DNase γ ; neurogenesis ; PC12 cells ; programmed cell death
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract DNase γ, which cleaves chromosomal DNA into nucleosomal units (DNA ladder formation), has been suggested to be the critical component of apoptotic machinery. Using rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells, which are differentiated to sympathetic neurons by nerve growth factor (NGF), we investigated whether DNase γ-like enzyme is present in neuronal cells and is involved in neuronal cell death. The nuclear auto-digestion assay for DNase catalyzing internucleosomal DNA cleavage revealed that nuclei from neuronal differentiated PC12 cells contain acidic and neutral endonucleases, while nuclei from undifferentiated PC12 cells have only acidic endonuclease. The DNA ladder formation observed in isolated nuclei from neuronal differentiated PC12 cells at neutral pH requires both Ca2+ and Mg2+, and is sensitive to Zn2+. The molecular mass of the neutral endonuclease present in neuronal differentiated PC12 cell nuclei is 32000 as determined by activity gel analysis (zymography). The properties of the neuronal endonuclease present in neuronal differentiated PC12 cell nuclei were similar to those of purified DNase γ from rat thymocytes and splenocytes. Interestingly, in neuronal differentiated PC12 cells, internucleosomal DNA fragmentation is observed following NGF deprivation, whereas undifferentiated PC12 cells fail to exhibit DNA ladder formation during cell death by serum starvation. These results suggest that the DNase γ-like endonuclease present in neuronal differentiated PC12 cell nuclei is involved in internucleosomal DNA fragmentation during apoptosis, induced by NGF deprivation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009644924530
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    DNA fragmentation during thymic apoptosis is catalyzed by DNase γ (1996)
    Springer
    Apoptosis 1 (1996), S. 147-152 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-675X
    Keywords: Apoptosis ; DNA fragmentation ; DNase γ ; programmed cell death ; thymocytes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The physiological and pathological importance of cell death by apoptosis has recently been recognized. One of the hallmarks of apoptosis is the enzymatic cleavage of genomic DNA into nucleosomal oligomers. The identification of an endonuclease responsible for apoptosis might help to explain how this cell suicide is regulated and why DNA is cleaved. Here, we found that γ type of DNase was retained in apoptotic rat thymocyte nuclei. Homogeneously purified DNase γ (Mr = 33 kDa) from the apoptotic nuclei was revealed to be a Ca2+/Mg2+-dependent endonuclease and inhibited by Zn2+. This enzyme cleaved chromosomal DNA with 3′-hydroxyl (OH) and 5′-phosphoryl (P) ends. The cleavage ends and its divalent cation dependencies match those observed in apoptotic thymocytes induced by X-irradiation or glucocorticoid treatment, indicating that this endonuclease is a central component of the thymic apoptosis machinery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01321021
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new type of growth exhibited by Trimmatostroma abietis (1996)
    Springer
    Antonie van Leeuwenhoek 69 (1996), S. 211-215 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9699
    Keywords: Growth ; pleomorphism ; morphology ; microcolonial fungi
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Trimmatostroma abietis initially grew as hyphae when grown in various media containing yeast extract or bactopeptone. It grew as segmented elements (lumbricoid elements) characterized by bidirectional growth, when grown in Czapek-Dox broth or yeast nitrogen base supplemented with 1% glucose. A lumbricoid element usually was 10–70 μm in length, with transverse septation only and contained 3 to 15 cells. Growth and propagation, as revealed by time-lapse photomicrography occurred as follows. Elements usually grew by apical elongation without widening; after simple apical elongation adjacent parts of two central cells eventually started to grow, resulting in the separation of the element into two.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00399608
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correlation between terbium and the other rare earth element contents in fern leaves (1998)
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 236 (1998), S. 35-38 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The lanthanides (REEs) in 142 fern leaves collected from 9 sampling sites in Japan were analyzed by instrumental neutron activation analysis. Between two REEs a strong positive correlation was found in the logarithmic scattering diagram with correlation and regression coefficients close to unity, suggesting neither selective accumulation by plants nor different availability from soil between the two elements. However, between Tb and the other REEs the relationship showed two lines with the same correlation coefficient. This suggested that there must be a difference in the availability of REEs or in their absorption characteristics by plants. Further analysis revealed that the splitting was due to some difference in the environmental factors where the fern grew. However, the amount of REE in the soil collected together with the corresponding fern did not reflect the REE concentration in the fern leaves.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02386314
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