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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The lower C2v potential energy surfaces of the singlet states of H2O: A computational study (1996)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 104 (1996), S. 5153-5164 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We present here computational results on 15 C2v potential energy surfaces (PES) of H2O in its singlet state, while further results on the doublet state of the cation of the same system will be reported in a following paper. The PES are shown as 2D contour maps. Reaction pathways for symmetric dissociation of H2O and photoionisation spectra of H2O are discussed and analyzed in some detail. The results were obtained using ab initio multireference configuration interaction (MRDCI) calculations at 184 nuclear arrangements and should provide one of the most extensive analysis of the electronic features of this very important chemical system. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.471142
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The lower C2v potential energy surfaces of the doublet states of H2O+: A computational study (1996)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 105 (1996), S. 7560-7568 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In this paper we extend our previous study (F. Schneider, F. Di Giacomo, and F. A. Gianturco, J. Chem. Phys. 104, 5153) on the topology of the electronic states of the neutral H2O molecule in C2v symmetry by examining the lowest ten potential energy surfaces of the water molecular cation in its doublet states. The relevant electronic energy surfaces of H2O+ are shown as 2D contour maps where possible reaction pathways for several low-lying potential energy surfaces of H2O+ are clearly seen and therefore can be discussed and analyzed in some detail. The present results were obtained using ab initio multireference configuration interaction calculations at 184 nuclear arrangements, as described in our previous paper dealing with the neutral H2O. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.472582
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correlation effects and vibronic coupling features in the interaction of H− ions with N2 molecules (1996)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 105 (1996), S. 156-164 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: This paper discusses the calculation of the potential energy surfaces (PES) for the electronic singlet states of C2v and C∞v symmetries of a nitrogen molecule interacting with the atomic hydrogen negative ion. The behavior of such surfaces is analyzed as a function of relative orientations and also of the molecular internal coordinate. The PES's have been obtained using an ab initio, multireference configuration interaction method (MRDCI) and the effects of correlation forces and of basis set size are analyzed in order to understand the role of electron transfer (ET) processes which are likely to take place during closer collisions between partners and which are suggested to be responsible for the vibronic coupling effects which occur during low-energy scattering. The general features of the orientational anisotropy of this interaction, of its dependence on the molecular coordinate, and of the strength of its coupling with the impinging negative ion are also analyzed and discussed. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.471861
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hierarchic T-Cell Help to Non-Linked B-Cell Epitopes (1996)
    Oxford, U.K. and Cambridge, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 44 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The induction of antibodies against peptides requires the presence of a T helper cell epitope. In the absence of an added T-cell epitope only 10% of the mice, or less depending on the strain, gave an antibody response to a series of peptides of the measles virus (MV) fusion (F) protein. After co-immunization with a non-covalently coupled T-cell epitope more than 60% of the peptides became immunogenic. Considerable differences became apparent when BALB/c mice were immunized with peptides in the presence of different T-cell epitopes. An immunodominant T-cell epitope of the MV-F protein was more efficient than a subdominant or a cryptic T-cell epitope in providing help to a non-linked B-cell epitope. There is both a ranking order of the amount of help which B-cell epitopes require and a ranking order for the help T-cell epitopes are able to provide. The capability of a T-cell epitope to provide help to a B-cell epitope correlated with its own immunogenicity, i.e. the intensity of the antibody response to the peptide representing the T-cell epitope. The data suggest that for each MHC class II allele there is an optimal T-cell epitope which can provide help to a maximal number of B-cell epitopes and that such a peptide can be identified by its ability to induce antibodies against itself. By using this strategy, the authors were able to induce antibodies which cross-reacted with the MV.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.1996.d01-336.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Behavioral neuroimaging with positron emission tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (1996)
    Springer
    Der Nervenarzt 67 (1996), S. 721-729 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-0407
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Funktionelle Bildgebung ; Positronenemissionstomographie ; Funktionelle Kernspintomographie ; Zerebraler Blutfluß ; Key words Behavioral neuroimaging ; Positron emission tomography ; Functional MRI ; Cerebral blood flow
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Changes in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) during experimentally modified psychological activation can be measured using radioactive ligands with positron emission tomography (PET) and using magnetic resonance principles with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). With PET it is possible to determine not only rCBF, but also metabolic changes, as well as the density and binding of several neuroreceptors. This can be done in conjunction with psychological and pharmacological challenge. fMRI is an imaging technique for perfusion-based signal intensities of the brain which does not involve radioactivity and gives better anatomical and temporal resolution than PET. Under appropriate experimental conditions, subjects' behavior and experience can be modified while they are lying in a tomograph. These experiments can be used for the scientific investigation of cognitive constructs such as memory and attention, or emotional processes. In this review, both functional neuroimaging techniques are assessed.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Veränderungen des regionalen zerebralen Blutflusses (rCBF) bei experimentell kontrollierten psychologischen Aktivierungen können durch die Verwendung von radioaktiv markierten Stoffwechselsubstraten mit der Positronenemissionstomographie (PET) sowie nichtinvasiv mit der funktionellen Kernspintomographie (fKST) gemessen werden. Die PET-Methode erlaubt neben der Erfassung des rCBF die Bestimmung metabolischer Umsatzraten sowie von Dichte- und Bindungsverhältnissen verschiedener Neurorezeptoren bei psychologischen und pharmakologischen Aktivierungen. Im Vergleich zu PET steht mit der fKST ein bildgebendes Verfahren ohne Strahlenbelastung mit höherer anatomischer und zeitlicher Auflösung zur Verfügung, mit dem perfusionsbedingte Signalveränderungen des Gehirns nachgewiesen werden können. Bei psychologischen Aktivierungsstudien wird das Verhalten und Erleben der Probanden durch geeignete experimentelle Versuchsanordnungen gezielt variiert, während sie im Tomographen liegen. Wissenschaftliche Fragestellungen solcher Versuche betreffen z. B. kognitive Konstrukte wie Gedächtnis und Aufmerksamkeit oder emotionale Prozesse. In dieser Übersicht werden die beiden genannten funktionellen Bildgebungsverfahren und die Voraussetzungen für ihren Einsatz in der Forschung beschrieben.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001150050046
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of organochlorine pesticides on DNA synthesis of cultured oviductal and uterine cells and on estrogen receptor of uterine tissue from heifers (1996)
    Springer
    Archives of toxicology 70 (1996), S. 490-496 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0738
    Keywords: Key words Organochlorine pesticides ; Cultured oviductal and uterine cells ; DNA synthesis ; Estrogen receptor ; Bovine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  The pesticides DDT, MXC and γHCH at concentrations between 41 and 200 μM inhibited DNA synthesis (measured by [3H]thymidine incorporation) of cultured bovine oviductal endosalpingeal and uterine cells in the order DDT〉MXC〉γHCH, in comparison to nonexposed controls. Sensitivity to the toxicants was greater in uterine epithelial and stromal cells than in uterine smooth muscle or oviductal endosalpingeal cells. Besides the inhibitory effect, there was a stimulatory effect on DNA synthesis in epithelial cells in the range of 28 nM to 2.8 μM DDT and in stromal cells at 2.8 and 28 nM for MXC. An explanation for this reaction could be that both toxicants have an estrogen-like effect. In the present study, it is shown that the o,p’ isomer of DDT can bind to the cytoplasmatic estrogen receptor and DDT or MXC were able to inhibit the binding of radiolabelled estradiol to the uterine endometrial explants in bovine, whereas γHCH did not change the binding. These findings represent an estrogenic effect of DDT and MXC in two complete in vitro systems.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002040050303
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Psychologische Schmerzforschung in Westeuropa (1996)
    Springer
    Der Schmerz 10 (1996), S. 89-92 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2129
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Psychologische Schmerzforschung ; Literaturanalyse ; Westeuropa ; MEDLINE ; PSYCLIT ; Key words Psychological research on pain ; Literature analysis ; Western Europe ; MEDLINE ; PSYCLIT
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract Utilizing MEDLINE and PSYCLIT, a search for articles covering psychological research on pain in the Western European countries was undertaken for the period from 1 January 1990 to 31 December 1994. A total of 398 publications were identified, of which 44 were classified as experimental research in the laboratory, 33 as psychodiagnostic and 225 as clinical studies. The most frequent diagnosis was back pain, followed by musculoskeletal pain and headache. With regard to the total number of publications, Germany was first, followed by The Netherlands and Great Britain. In an analysis of the subcategories, the leading position of Germany could only be confirmed with respect to laboratory studies; in psychodiagnostic publications, Germany fell back behind Great Britain and The Netherlands. In clinical studies, Germany was second to Sweden. Relating the number of publications to the number of personnel estimated to be engaged in research, The Netherlands and the Scandinavian countries demonstrate very high efficiency. Compared with Germany, these countries facilitate the integration of psychological procedures into an interdisciplinary management of pain.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In den Datenbanken MEDLINE und PSYCLIT wurde für den Zeitraum vom 1. 1. 1990 bis zum 31. 12. 1994 nach Originalartikeln zur psychologischen Schmerzforschung in den westeuropäischen Ländern gesucht. Es wurden insgesamt 398 Beiträge identifiziert, von denen 44 der Kategorie der experimentellen Laborforschung, 33 der Kategorie der Psychodiagnostik und 225 der Kategorie der klinischen Studien zugeordnet wurden. Die häufigsten Diagnosen bezogen sich auf Rückenschmerz, muskuloskeletalen Schmerz und Kopfschmerz. Bei der Gesamtzahl der Publikationen liegt Deutschland vor den Niederlanden und Großbritannien an erster Stelle. Bei der Analyse der genannten Subkategorien wird dieser Platz nur mit Bezug auf die Laborforschung bestätigt. Die Rangreihe der Länder in Hinblick auf Psychodiagnostik weist Deutschland hinter Großbritannien und den Niederlanden dem dritten Platz zu; bei den klinischen Studien folgt Deutschland hinter Schweden auf Platz 2. Eine Berücksichtigung der für die Forschung vorhandenen personellen Ressourcen belegt die Forschungseffizienz insbesondere der Niederlande und der skandinavischen Länder. In diesen Ländern sind psychologische Verfahren bereits stärker als in Deutschland in interdisziplinäre Therapieangebote integriert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004820050026
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Conformational changes of Na,K-ATPase probed with eosin Y (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of fluorescence 6 (1996), S. 165-168 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4994
    Keywords: Cation binding ; fluorescence decay ; kinetics ; binding constants ; Na,K-ATPase ; eosin Y
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Time-resolved fluorescence and binding studies have been carried out on Na,K-ATPase in the presence of the fluorescent dye eosin Y to obtain thermodynamic and kinetic parameters for the interaction of the enzyme with different cations. Eosin Y binding is indicated by a 3 ns fluorescence decay process and is observed only in the presence of mono- and divalent cations. This type of cation binding is interpreted as a nonselective electrostatic interaction, with negatively charged groups of the enzyme providing a high-affinity eosin Y binding site. Eosin Y binding is observed only under conditions where the enzyme exists in the conformational state F1. The kinetic parameters of eosin Y binding have been determined employing stopped-flow fluorometry.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00732056
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The solution of linear inverse problems in satellite geodesy by means of spherical spline approximation (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of geodesy 71 (1996), S. 2-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1394
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Abstract. In this paper we consider a certain class of geodetic linear inverse problems in a reproducing kernel Hilbert space setting to obtain a bounded inverse operator . For a numerical realization we assume to be given at a finite number of discrete points to which we employ a spherical spline interpolation method adapted to the Hilbert spaces. By applying to the obtained spline interpolant we get an approximation of the solution . Finally our main task is to show some properties of the approximated solution and to prove convergence results if the data set increases.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001900050070
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Book reviews (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of economics 64 (1996), S. 213-232 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-7134
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Economics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01250116
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