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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dissociation of the 1.014 eV photoluminescence copper center in silicon crystal (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 73 (1998), S. 3896-3898 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In order to determine dissociation energy of the 1.014 eV photoluminescence (PL) Cu center in silicon crystal, decay of the PL intensity of the center by annealing samples at various temperatures was measured. The samples were prepared by contamination of Cu from Cu solution and heat treatment at 700 °C followed by rapid cooling to room temperature. From the temperature dependence of the time constant of the decay of the PL center, activation energy of dissociation of the center was obtained. The value was 0.47+±0.05 eV, which was much smaller than that (1.02 eV) obtained by the decay of the deep level transient spectroscopy Cu center peak at Ev+0.09 eV. The present value could reasonably explain the rapid thermalization of rearrangement of the centers after the release of stress which had been observed earlier. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.122928
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxygen participation in the formation of the photoluminescence W center and the center's origin in ion-implanted silicon crystals (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 72 (1998), S. 1347-1349 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The relationship between the photoluminescence (PL) intensity due to the W (or I1) center and the oxygen concentration in implanted silicon crystals was studied. The PL intensity of the W center decreased consistently with increasing oxygen concentration for carbon-implanted samples with a wide range of carbon fluences, while it showed no dependence on the oxygen concentration for samples implanted with elements such as hydrogen, silicon, and heavy metals. Based on these results and considerations of the reactions of intrinsic defects generated by implantation, the origin of the PL W center was attributed to a defect composed of silicon self-interstitials. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.120990
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Number of Cu atom(s) in the 1.014 eV photoluminescence copper center and the center's model in silicon crystal (1998)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 73 (1998), S. 2325-2327 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Number of Cu atom(s) in the 1.014 eV copper center in silicon crystal was determined from an accurately measured relationship between the photoluminescence (PL) intensity of the center and Cu concentration in the crystal. For Cu concentrations lower than about 1×1014 atom/cm3, the PL intensity increased linearly with increasing Cu concentration. From this result and the law of mass action, it was concluded that the Cu center had only one Cu atom in it, contradicting the long-believed pair Cu model. Based on already published data and the present result, a structural model in which the Cu atom was bonded at the center of the Si–Si bond was presented for the Cu center. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.121811
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sebaceous glands in acne patients express high levels of neutral endopeptidase (2002)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Experimental dermatology 11 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0625
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Acne is a complex, chronic and common skin disorder of pilosebaceous units. Although it is known that exacerbation of acne results from emotional stress, the nature of the association between stress and acne remains unclear. This is due in part to the lack of substantial evidence regarding the participation of cutaneous neurogenic factors in the pathogenesis of acne. To examine the possible involvement of neurogenic factors in the etiology of acne, we used immunohistochemistry to compare the distribution of SP-containing nerve fibers around sebaceous glands and the expression of neutral endopeptidase in sebaceous acini of the facial skin of acne patients and of healthy subjects. More numerous substance P immunoreactive nerve fibers in close apposition to the sebaceous glands and an increase in expression of neutral endopeptidase in sebaceous acini were observed in acne patients compared with the controls. Immunoelectron microscopy revealed that the subcellular localization of neutral endopeptidase was restricted to the Golgi apparatus and the endoplasmic reticulum within sebaceous germinative cells. In addition, in vitro experiments using an organ culture system demonstrated that substance P induced expression of neutral endopeptidase in sebaceous glands in a dose dependent manner. This study reveals that substance P and its degrading enzymes are involved in the pathogenesis of acne, which in turn might partially explain the pathologic significance of neurogenic and psychogenic aspects in the disease process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-0625.2002.110307.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ocular Toxoplasmosis: More Than Just What Meets the Eye (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Scandinavian journal of immunology 55 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3083
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Toxoplasma gondii is an intracellular parasite whose life cycle may include the man as an intermediate host. Close to a billion people are infected with this parasite worldwide. Ocular lesions may occur in up to 25% of those individuals infected. The infection may occur intra-uterus, through the placenta when the mother is infected during pregnancy. The parasite may also infect adults after the ingestion of contaminated food products, most notably meats or water. We have shown that although congenital and post-natal (acquired) infection results in similar ocular lesions, the immunological mechanisms behind the development of disease are different. On the other hand, contrary to published data obtained in mice, we were unable to find evidence that the T. gondii express superantigen activity for human lymphocytes. Our findings are important because they suggest that superantigen activity is not important as a pathological mechanism in human disease. Our data also suggest that, whereas the ocular lesion caused by infection after birth is the result of an excessive or dysfunctional immune response, the lesions caused by congenital infection may be due to a lack of an appropriate response to the parasite.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-3083.2002.01052.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nerve growth factor and substance P are useful plasma markers of disease activity in atopic dermatitis (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 147 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Background Neurogenic components, such as neurotrophic factors and neuropeptides, are probably involved in the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD) via the neuroimmunocutaneous system. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have shown that nerve growth factor (NGF), the best-characterized member of the neurotrophin family, modulates the synthesis of the neuropeptide substance P (SP), both of which may be associated with the pathogenesis of human allergic diseases. Objectives To evaluate the levels of NGF and SP in the plasma of patients with AD and to examine their possible correlation with disease activity. Methods We measured plasma levels of NGF by an immunoenzymatic assay and of SP by aradioimmunoassay in 52 patients with AD, and compared them with 35 normal non-atopic controls. The severity of the disease in AD patients was evaluated using validated clinical scoring systems. Results Patients with AD had significant increases in plasma levels of NGF and SP compared with controls (P 〈 0·0005 and P 〈 0·0001, respectively). A positive correlation between the plasma levels of NGF and SP was found in AD patients (correlation coefficient, Cc = 0·920, P 〈 0·0001). There was a significant correlation of plasma NGF and SP levels with disease activity evaluated using three different scoring systems: the grading system of Rajka and Langeland (P 〈 0·001 and P 〈 0·01, respectively), the objective Severity Scoring of AD (Cc = 0·656, P 〈 0·005 and Cc = 0·752, P 〈 0·0005, respectively) and the Eczema Area and Severity Index (Cc = 0·740, P 〈 0·001 and Cc = 0·765, P 〈 0·005, respectively). Conclusions These data represent the first reported evidence of increased plasma levels of NGF and SP in an allergic human skin disease. They suggest that these neurogenic factors systemically modulate the allergic response in AD, probably through interactions with cells of the immune-inflammatory component. In addition, NGF and SP may be useful markers of disease activity in patients with AD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.2002.04803.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of leptin in two-layered culture of gastric mucous cells and fibroblasts: effect of Helicobacter pylori attachment (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 20 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background : Our recent histochemical studies have revealed an increase in myofibroblasts and in leptin and its receptor in endothelial cells, and myofibroblasts in Helicobacter pylori-infected human and Mongolian gerbil fundic mucosa.Aim : The present study was undertaken to clarify the H. pylori–induced interaction between leptin in cultured gastric surface mucous cells and fibroblasts.Methods : GSM06 cells were incubated with an air− liquid interface on a collagen gel layer containing mouse fibroblast cell line L929. Medium containing H. pylori bacilli (ATCC43504) at 10–100 times higher concentration than the GSM06 cells was added from the luminal side and the localization of leptin was observed by immunohistochemistry. The transformation of L929 cells to myofibroblasts was detected by electron microscopy and PR 2D3 immunoreactivity.Results : L929 cells in the control group showed a spindle shape with scarce cytoplasm. In the H. pylori-treated group, L929 cells showed features characteristic of myofibroblasts, and most GSM06 and L929 cells showed leptin immunoreactivity. In contrast, L929 cells incubated with H. pylori alone did not undergo this differentiation.Conclusions : Attachment of H. pylori to surface epithelial cells caused conversion of fibroblasts to myofibroblasts. We suggest that leptin plays a role in this transformation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2036.2004.01981.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Persistent increase in myofibroblasts in Helicobacter heilmannii-infected mice but not in Helicobacter pylori-infected Mongolian gerbils: colocalization of COX-2 and bFGF immunoreactivity (2002)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd.
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 16 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The clinical significance of Helicobacter heilmannii infection remains uncertain, owing to the lack of a specific detection method. Recently, we reported a marked increase in myofibroblasts in the early stage of Helicobacter pylori infection in Monglian gerbils.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Aim:The present study was designed to clarify changes in myofibroblasts, and in the immunoeactivities of basic fibroblast growth factor, cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase after H. pylori infection in Monglian gerbils and H. heilmannii infection in mice.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods:After oral inoculation, changes in the location of bacteria and the immunoreactivity of myofibroblasts, basic fibroblast growth factor, cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase were stained with the indirect immunofluorescent method and observed by confocal laser microscopy.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉Results:In H. heilmannii-infected mice, the increases in myofibroblasts and in immunoreactivities of these three markers were sustained 12 months after infection. In H. pylori-infected Monglian gerbils, however, these increases were significant at 3 months but had returned to control levels at 12 months.〈section xml:id="abs1-5"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusions:Two types of Helicobacter infection showed different patterns of myofibroblast proliferation, coinciding with the extent of inflammation. These findings suggest that this difference may be related to the consequences of the infection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.16.s2.26.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Vital role of the itch–scratch response in development of spontaneous dermatitis in NC/Nga mice (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 151 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background  The itch sensation and the resultant response, scratching, are important symptoms of atopic dermatitis (AD) and have a significant impact on the quality of life of affected patients. However, the influence of the itch–scratch response on the pathology of AD has not been precisely elucidated.Objectives  To investigate the role of scratching behaviour in the development of spontaneous dermatitis using conventionally raised NC/Nga mice (Conv-NC mice), which are known to be an animal model for human AD.Methods  Capsaicin-sensitive sensory nerves of the mice were ablated by neonatal capsaicin treatment (Cap-NC mice), and the development of spontaneous dermatitis in the Cap-NC mice was compared chronologically with that in Conv-NC mice.Results  Scratching behaviour was almost completely prevented in Cap-NC mice raised for 84 days under conventional conditions, and the development of dermatitis and elevation of the serum IgE level were significantly suppressed. Histological analysis revealed that the numbers of infiltrating eosinophils and mast cells in the lesional skin of Cap-NC mice were lower than those in Conv-NC mice. Immunological studies showed that the capability of spleen T cells to produce both T-helper (Th) 1 (interferon-γ) and Th2 [interleukin (IL)-5 and IL-13] cytokines was diminished in Cap-NC mice. Furthermore, serum levels of IL-18 were approximately twice higher in Conv-NC mice than in Cap-NC mice.Conclusions  These observations suggest that scratching behaviour contributes to the development of dermatitis by enhancing various immunological responses in the murine AD model, implying that prevention of the itch sensation and/or itch-associated scratching behaviour is an effective treatment for AD.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2004.06036.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Magnetodynamic Formation of Jets in Accretion Process of Magnetized Mass onto the Central Gravitator — Cases of Forming Stars and Active Galactic Nuclei (1998)
    Springer
    Astrophysics and space science 264 (1998), S. 195-212 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-946X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A magnetodynamic model to deal with the acceleration and collimation of jets as a part of the global process of gravitational contraction of the magnetized gas to the central gravitator is discussed. We first review its application to the star forming jet case with several observational supporting evidence. Then, a justification will be given for the extension of this to the AGN jet case, despite of the difference in orders of magnitudes in the scales as well as in the physical parameters. The results of actual application of this magnetodynamic mechanism to the AGN case will be presented together with the discussions for the origin of the radio lobes and hotspots, and we show that this mechanism can explain the enhancement of accretion and the formation of the jet + lobe system consistently with the genetic consideration of the system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1002450221625
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