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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enzymatic dissociation of keratinocytes from human skin biopsies for in vitro cell propagation (1999)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Experimental dermatology 8 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0625
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: Four techniques for dissociation of skin biopsies were compared to identify the method of choice for optimal expansion of isolated keratinocytes. Equivalent biopsies were obtained from 4 healthy human subjects and each divided into four parts. One part was minced and placed in a trypsinizing flask containing 0.05% trypsin and 0.01% ethylenediamine-tetraacetic acid (EDTA). Released cells were harvested hourly. With the other parts, the epidermis was separated from the dermis after treatment with 0.5 mg/ml thermolysin, 2.5 mg/ml Dispase, or 0.17% trypsin and the epidermal portions were minced and incubated for 1 h in trypsin:EDTA. The cells were cocultivated with irradiated 3T3 fibroblasts to study the keratinocytes' proliferative capacity. Freshly isolated cells were immunostained with anti-vimentin antibodies or grown in fibroblast-supportive conditions to detect the presence of human dermal fibroblasts. The mean number of cells dissociated per cm2 biopsy was higher after trypsin:EDTA digestion of a dermis-containing biopsy using a trypsinizing flask (4.0x106 cells/cm2) compared to a biopsy where dermis-epidermis had been separated by thermolysin (2.8x106 cells/cm2), Dispase (2.3x106 cells/cm2) or trypsin (1.1x106 cells/cm2). Between 0.5% and 4% of the cells dissociated from a dermis-containing biopsy were human fibroblasts. This comprised more than twice the number of fibroblasts obtained by using epidermal/dermal split techniques. The proliferative capacity in primary and secondary culture was higher in cells isolated by trypsin:EDTA incubation in the trypsinizing flask or after epidermal-dermal separation using thermolysin, suggesting that Dispase or trypsin may have a more detrimental effect on the isolated keratinocytes. Our results show that dissociating the cells by trypsin:EDTA incubation in a trypsinizing flask or after epidermal-dermal separation using thermolysin, are preferable methods for isolating keratinocytes from human skin.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0625.1999.tb00345.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mite fauna in the home and sensitivity to house-dust and storage mites (1999)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 54 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In search of potential new indoor allergen sources, all mites in dust from homes of 55 asthmatic children living in three climatic regions in Sweden were counted and identified by light microscope. Antibodies of the IgE class against three house-dust mites and three storage mites were measured in corresponding serum samples. Mites were found in all but two homes from the northernmost area, where levels also were lower than in the other regions. The highest mite densities were most often found in bedrooms (50%) and living rooms (40%). Mite density was increased in homes with high humidity and was higher in bungalows than in flats. House-dust mites predominated in the south and storage mites in the east central area, particularly in kitchens and bathrooms. Mite-density and IgE-antibody levels against house-dust mites were significantly associated. The same association applied to storage mites. Other species numbered around 100 mites/g dust in some homes. Microscopy helps to identify potentially important mites. Analysing home dust only for house-dust mites will underestimate mite exposure. Storage mites may be as relevant to sensitivity as house-dust mites. As other species occasionally were found in high numbers, their relevance should also be assessed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1398-9995.1999.00850.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Smoking and crevicular fluid levels of IL-6 and TNF-a in periodontal disease (1999)
    Munksgaard : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of clinical periodontology 26 (1999), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Smoking is a well-documented risk factor for periodontal disease, although the mechanisms of its negative influence are not well understood. In the present study, the influence of smoking on the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) content of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-α was investigated in patients with moderate to severe forms of the disease. The study base consisted of 108 patients including 45 current smokers, 28 former smokers and 35 nonsmokers. The median GCF sample levels of IL-6 and TNF-α were 5.0 pg/ml and 61.0 pg/ml, respectively, for current smokers, 13.0 pg/ml and 51.0 pg/ml, respectively, for former smokers, and 10.0 pg/ml and 12.0 pg/ml, respectively, for nonsmokers. The differences between smoking groups with regard to IL-6 were not significant suggesting that the IL-6 content was not influenced by smoking. In contrast, the TNF-α content was significantly increased in current smokers as compared to non-smokers confirming our previous observations. The present results in patients with moderate to severe periodontal disease may indicate different mediator functions of IL-6 and TNF-α in response to smoking.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-051X.1999.260604.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Injury panorama and medical consequences for 1158 persons assaulted in the central part of Stockholm, Sweden (1997)
    Springer
    Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery 116 (1997), S. 315-320 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-3916
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This retrospective study describes assaults, type of trauma, injury panorama, the abbreviated injury scale score and medical consequences for 1158 assaulted persons. All patients were examined by surgeons at the Emergency Department, Sabbatsberg’s Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden, which is open around the clock. The police were not notified. The study group included all assaulted patients who attended and were examined at the Emergency Department from 1 April 1992 to 31 March 1993: 84% men and 16% women. Their median age was 25 years (range 13–86 years). Sixty-eight percent arrived at the Emergency Department between 11 p.m. and 4 a.m. In 44% the hospital staff registered in the case notes that the victims were drunk. Blunt trauma of low-energy type predominated, 44% were hit by fists and 30% by kicks. Penetrating trauma occurred in 10% of the assaults (knife 8%), and a combination of blunt and/or cutting trauma (bottle/ glass) in 10%. Eighty-two percent of the victims suffered an injury to the head, resulting in concussion in 116 cases, 4 skull fractures, 1 intracerebral contusion, 74 fractures of nose bones, 17 fractures of other face bones, and 6 mandible fractures. Two persons died because of knifestab wounds. Eighty-two percent of the victims had minor injuries, and 16% had moderate injuries according to the score on the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS). The present study shows that assault in the central part of Stockholm, Sweden, is mainly a problem involving young men, especially late in the evening, and that many of the victims are drunk. Injuries to the head due to low-energy trauma are the most common (hit by fists and kicks), but severe injuries seldom occur.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004020050128
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Injury panorama and medical consequences for 1158 persons assaulted in the central part of Stockholm, Sweden (1997)
    Springer
    Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery 116 (1997), S. 315-320 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-3916
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract This retrospective study describes assaults, type of trauma, injury panorama, the abbreviated injury scale score and medical consequences for 1158 assaulted persons. All patients were examined by surgeons at the Emergency Department, Sabbatsberg's Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden, which is open around the clock. The police were not notified. The study group included all assaulted patients who attended and were examined at the Emergency Department from 1 April 1992 to 31 March 1993: 84% men and 16% women. Their median age was 25 years (range 13–86 years). Sixty-eight percent arrived at the Emergency Department between 11 p.m. and 4 a.m. In 44% the hospital staff registered in the case notes that the victims were drunk. Blunt trauma of low-energy type predominated, 44% were hit by fists and 30% by kicks. Penetrating trauma occurred in 10% of the assaults (knife 8%), and a combination of blunt and/or cutting trauma (bottle/glass) in 10%. Eighty-two percent of the victims suffered an injury to the head, resulting in concussion in 116 cases, 4 skull fractures, 1 intracerebral contusion, 74 fractures of nose bones, 17 fractures of other face bones, and 6 mandible fractures. Two persons died because of knifestab wounds. Eighty-two percent of the victims had minor injuries, and 16% had moderate injuries according to the score on the Abbreviated Injury Scale (AIS). The present study shows that assault in the central part of Stockholm, Sweden, is mainly a problem involving young men, especially late in the evening, and that many of the victims are drunk. Injuries to the head due to low-energy trauma are the most common (hit by fists and kicks), but severe injuries seldom occur.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00433980
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in weight and compositions of major membrane components of human brain during the span of adult human life of Swedes (1997)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 94 (1997), S. 345-352 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Brain weight ; Ageing ; Myelin lipids ; Gangliosides ; Proteins
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Brain weight, total solids, protein, and major lipids have been determined in 83 female and 101 male brains from subjects 20–100 years of age. The brain weight began to diminish at 20 years of age. The brain weight at 20 years for females: 1,368 ± 26 and for males 1,632 ± 27 g diminished at 100 years for females to 1,100 ± 25 and for males to 1,266 ± 25 g, a decrease of 20% for female and 22% for male brains. The decrease in dry solids was larger during the same period, 36% for females and males. Proteins decreased by 39% in females and 37% in males. Phospholipids decreased by 42% in females and 43% in males, cholesterol by 47% and 53%, cerebroside by 46% and 58%, sulfatide by 46% and 49% and gangliosides by 28% and 30%, respectively. There is, thus, a significantly larger loss of myelin lipids than of gangliosides – the biochemical marker for neuronal membranes. The loss of myelin lipids was particularly large in female brain after 70 years of age, while the loss in male brain was linear as early as from 20 years of age.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004010050717
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Deletion mapping of the short arm of chromosome 1 identifies a common region of deletion distal to D1S496 in human meningiomas (1997)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 94 (1997), S. 479-485 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Key words Chromosome 1 ; Loss of heterozygosity ; Meningioma ; Progression ; Tumor suppressor gene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We have studied a series of 63 meningiomas, including 47 benign meningiomas (World Health Organization, WHO, grade I), 13 atypical meningiomas (WHO grade II) and 3 anaplastic meningiomas (WHO grade III), using microsatellite and restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis for loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at 21 polymorphic loci on chromosome 1 (19 loci on 1p and 2 loci on 1q). LOH on 1p was found in 9 of 13 atypical meningiomas (70%) and in 3 of 3 (100%) anaplastic meningiomas, but only in 6 of 47 (13%) benign meningiomas. In 13 tumors allelic loss was observed at all informative loci on 1p. Terminal deletions with retention of heterozygosity at one or more proximal 1p loci were found in 5 tumors. The region commonly deleted in all tumors was located distally to the D1S496 locus, i.e., at cytogenetic bands 1p34 – 1pter, and included the chromosomal segment which is frequently deleted in neuroblastoma, malignant melanoma, and different types of carcinoma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004010050736
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A New Bone Dust Packer for Use in Neurosurgery (1999)
    Springer
    Acta neurochirurgica 141 (1999), S. 183-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 0942-0940
    Keywords: Keywords: Bonedust; craniotomy; burrhole; skindent.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary  A new tool for the packing of bone dust has been developed. The instrument compresses a mixture of bone dust and saline into suitable cylindrical plugs, fitting neatly into craniotomy burrholes. The skullbone at the craniotomy area will heal neatly also assuring the best healing possibilities for the overlying skin. The cosmetic results are excellent as no skin dents or cavities will be formed over the burrholes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007010050284
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The relative importance of food and shelter for seagrass-associated invertebrates: a latitudinal comparison of habitat choice by isopod grazers (1999)
    Springer
    Oecologia 120 (1999), S. 162-170 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Key words Habitat choice ; Habitat complexity ; Predation ; Trade-off ; Latitude
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The generality of mechanisms affecting habitat choice and grazing in seagrass meadows was evaluated in a latitudinal comparison of seagrass grazers from the temperate (60°N) Baltic Sea and the subtropical (30°N) Gulf of Mexico. Using similar habitat choice experiment set-ups in Finland and the USA, the role of food type, habitat complexity and predation hazard on habitat choice of the isopods Idotea baltica (Pallas) and Erichsonella attenuata Harger were tested. When shelter was provided by both living and artificial seagrass, epiphytic food resources on artificial vegetation were clearly preferred by both species, although Idotea was attracted to epiphyte-free seagrass when no alternative food was present. When choosing between food and shelter, both species preferred epiphytic food over shelter. However, under predation hazard of fish, Erichsonella clearly switched to the habitat offering shelter, while the presence of a predatory fish produced no preference for shelter by Idotea. Food type may be considered as an universal mechanism that partly determines the presence of grazers in seagrass habitats and is, in the absence of a predator, more important than shelter. Predation risk affected the behaviour of the grazers, but the response varied between species possibly due to varying importance of fish predation in the areas studied.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004420050845
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mobile audio distribution (1999)
    Springer
    Personal and ubiquitous computing 3 (1999), S. 166-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 1617-4917
    Keywords: Digital rights management ; GPRS ; Music distribution ; UMTS ; Wireless LAN
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract This paper presents a new concept for future audio entertainment distribution. The idea is to make music a service, not a product. All the music in the world will be available to the users wherever they are with an enhanced mobile telephone. The system has push and pull services. The push services send content that suits the users' profiles to a device without any user interaction. Thus there are no real-time demands and content can be sent with low priority or scheduled for a period with spare capacity. The pull services require user interaction and need more bandwidth, since users expect a reasonable response time. This approach solves the extensive problems with copyright infringement. The content is encrypted and can only be accessed via a key. Since users will have access to unlimited music resources for a reasonable price, they will not bother to copy music illegally.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01540550
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