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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Archive of applied mechanics 67 (1997), S. 229-236 
    ISSN: 1432-0681
    Keywords: Key words polymer ; extrusion ; boundary layer ; micropolar fluid ; similarity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Summary  A Theoretical analysis is carried out to study the boundary-layer flow over a continuously moving surface through an otherwise quiescent micropolar fluid. The transformed boundary-layer equations are solved numerically for a power-law surface velocity using the Keller-box method. The effects of the micropolar K and exponent m parameters on the velocity and microrotation field as well as on the skin-friction group are discussed in a detailed manner. It is shown that there is a near-similarity solution of this problem. The accuracy of the present solution is also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1573-8477
    Keywords: adaptive dynamics ; evolutionarily singular strategy ; evolutionary branching ; evolutionary modelling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract We present a general framework for modelling adaptive trait dynamics in which we integrate various concepts and techniques from modern ESS-theory. The concept of evolutionarily singular strategies is introduced as a generalization of the ESS-concept. We give a full classification of the singular strategies in terms of ESS-stability, convergence stability, the ability of the singular strategy to invade other populations if initially rare itself, and the possibility of protected dimorphisms occurring within the singular strategy's neighbourhood. Of particular interest is a type of singular strategy that is an evolutionary attractor from a great distance, but once in its neighbourhood a population becomes dimorphic and undergoes disruptive selection leading to evolutionary branching. Modelling the adaptive growth and branching of the evolutionary tree can thus be considered as a major application of the framework. A haploid version of Levene's ‘soft selection’ model is developed as a specific example to demonstrate evolutionary dynamics and branching in monomorphic and polymorphic populations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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