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  • 1995-1999  (11)
  • 1960-1964
  • 1997  (11)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Performance and operation of a beam chopping system for a cyclotron with multiturn extraction (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 68 (1997), S. 1714-1719 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A beam chopping system for a cyclotron is in operation at the JAERI cyclotron facility. A combination of a pulse voltage chopper in the injection line and a sinusoidal voltage chopper after the exit of the cyclotron is adopted to produce beam pulses spaced at 1 μs–1 ms intervals from natural cyclotron beams. The chopping system was designed according to a simple formulation of the chopping process in which the multiturn extraction was taken into account. Performance of the chopping system was experimentally proved to satisfy requirements of the design. In actual operation to produce beam pulses at long intervals, however, the number of the multiturn extraction is usually larger than the assumed value in the design because of a large phase acceptance of the cyclotron. Careful tuning of the acceleration phase width or the base magnetic field of the cyclotron is necessary to reduce it. It is essential to strictly define the acceleration phase of injected beams in the central region of the cyclotron to improve this situation. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1147980
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Expression of cathepsin D and B in invasion and metastasis of squamous cell carcinoma (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    British journal of dermatology 137 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2133
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: To determine the involvement of proteinases with hydrolytic activity towards extracellular matrix and basement membrane, in invasion and metastasis of tumour cells, the expression of cathepsin D, an aspartic proteinase, and cathepsin B, a cysteine proteinase, was studied. Formalin-fixed paraffinembedded specimens from 13 patients who had squamous cell carcinomas (SCC) with local recurrence, skin and/or lymph node metastasis were examined. Cathepsin D stained intensely as a granular pattern (mature enzyme) in tumour cells of 69% of primary lesions and all the secondary lesions of the patients with SCC. Cathepsin B stained more intensely in SCC cells of all of the primary and secondary lesions than in normal epidermis: staining patterns were almost diffuse (procathepsin B). Granular and diffuse patterns (mature enzyme of cathepsin D and procathepsin B, respectively) appeared in the outer and inner parts of tumour islands, respectively. The presence of the active mature form of cathepsin D and procathepsin B in metastatic skin lesions of SCC was confirmed by Western blotting analysis. The presence and localization of the active mature form of cathepsin D suggests that activated cathepsin D may be involved in the invasion and metastasis of SCC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2133.1997.18501943.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrahigh vacuum atomic force microscope study of 10–30 nm scale GaAs ridge structure formation by molecular beam epitaxy (1997)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 70 (1997), S. 883-885 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The evolution of GaAs ridge structure formation by molecular beam epitaxy on a patterned substrate has been investigated using an ultrahigh vacuum atomic force microscope. It is found that the morphology of ridges can be quite irregular with random formation of various facets in the intermediate phase of growth, but self-smoothing processes of the lateral facets take place later on, leading to very sharp and smooth ridge structures in the end. The ridge top is quite sharp and straight with the height fluctuation of within 1–2 nm over the length of 1.4 μm. The role of the Ga atom flows from the side (111)B surfaces to the top (001) surface and their local modulations are considered to account for these observations. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.118303
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resonant tunneling of electrons via 20 nm scale InAs quantum dot and magnetotunneling spectroscopy of its electronic states (1997)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 70 (1997), S. 105-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The resonant tunneling of electrons through a 20 nm scale InAs quantum dot bound by a pair of very thin AlAs barriers is studied. A well-resolved composite peak resulting from the ground 1s states was observed at 4.2 K in current–voltage characteristics. By investigating the effects of inplane magnetic fields, the shape of the wave function and the spatial extent of the first two electronic states are clarified. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.119276
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Aluminum single-electron nonvolatile floating gate memory cell (1997)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 71 (1997), S. 2038-2040 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We have developed an aluminum single-electron transistor device which was modified to incorporate an additional floating node in between the gate and the electrometer. At high gate voltages, Fowler–Nordheim type emission occurred between the gate and the floating node where the charges were stored. The emission events were evidenced by the oscillatory electrometer current which allowed estimation of the number of storage electrons. We demonstrated experimentally the nonvolatile memory function of this device and the results were justified by numeric simulations. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.119780
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enhancement of secondary electron emission from heavily Si-implanted and Si-doped GaAs (1997)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 71 (1997), S. 2142-2144 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The enhancement of secondary electron emission was observed for both heavily Si-implanted and heavily Si-doped GaAs after annealing at 950 °C. The enhancement was found to be related to the generation of Ga vacancy during annealing. The assessment of electrical properties of the enhanced area revealed that the enhancement arises from the secondary electron production process in the bulk region, not from the surface effect including band bending at the wafer surface. We suggested that the excitons produced by primary electrons would ionize the lattice defects introduced in ion implantation and/or annealing processes. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.119362
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of ketotifen on symptoms and on bronchial mucosa in patients with atopic asthma (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Allergy 52 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Ketotifen is marketed throughout the world as an antiallergy drug, but whether it affects infiltration of inflammatory cells into airway mucosa is not known. We studied the effects of ketotifen on symptoms, pulmonary function, and airway inflammation in 25 patients with atopic asthma. Patients took ketotifen (1 mg twice daily) or a matching placebo for 8 weeks in a double-blind, parallel-group study. Data recorded on diary cards were used for 2 weeks before treatment began, and they were used for the last 2 weeks of treatment to study asthma symptoms, use of β2–agonists, and peak expiratory flow (PEF). Pulmonary function tests, bronchial responsiveness to methacholine, and fiberoptic bronchoscopy were performed before and after treatment. Biopsy specimens were obtained by bronchoscopy. Specimens were stained immunohistochemically with monoclonal antibodies against stored eosinophil cationic protein (EG1), the secreted form of eosinophil cationic protein (EG2), mast-cell tryptase (AA1), neutrophil elastase (NP57), CD3, CD4, CD8, and CD25. The numbers of positively stained cells in the lamina propria were counted. Compared with the placebo, the ketotifen-treated group exhibited significant improvement of asthma symptoms (P〈0.05) and bronchial responsiveness (P〈0.05). This was accompanied by a reduction of EG2+ eosinophils (P〈0.05), CD3+ T cells (P〈0.001), CD4+ T cells (P〈0.01), and CD25+ activated T cells (P〈0.01) in the bronchial mucosa. These results suggested that the beneficial effects of ketotifen in bronchial asthma may result from consequent inhibition of activated eosinophils and T-cell recruitment into the airway. Moreover, ketotifen may relieve allergic inflammation in bronchial asthma.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1398-9995.1997.tb02152.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Pelvic exenteration for the treatment of gynecological malignancies (1997)
    Springer
    Archives of gynecology and obstetrics 259 (1997), S. 133-138 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0711
    Keywords: Key words: Pelvic exenteration ; Primary and recurrent gynecological malignancies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Twenty-three patients undergoing pelvic exenteration for primary and recurrent gynecological malignancies from 1976 to 1994 are reported. Fifteen patients underwent total pelvic exenteration, 3 underwent anterior exenteration, and 5 underwent a posterior procedure. Eight patients had exenteration as their primary treatment (primary group), and 15 underwent exenteration as secondary treatment (recurrent group). In the primary group, two patients developed recurrence and died of it at 6 and 20 months after operation. Five patients are still being followed up and are alive without disease. Four of these 5 patients have survived more than 5 years. In the recurrent group, 12 patients were followed up and three died of complications during the early years. Seven patients died of cancer with the mean survival time of 16.6 months. The mean age, average operating time, and mean blood loss in the primary and recurrent groups were 57 vs. 53 years, 8 hours and 20 min vs. 8 hours and 10 min, and 4,120 vs. 4,190 ml, respectively. The overall cumulative 5-year survival rate was 34.7%, being 68.6% in the primary group and 16.7% in the recurrent group. It is noteworthy that the 5-year survival rate was 51.3% in the patients who had surgical margins free of disease. In conclusion, pelvic exenteration should be considered an acceptable therapeutic option when appropriately selected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004040050147
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Effect of Newly Developed Blank Holder on Press Forming of Glass-Cloth Reinforced Thermo-Plastic Sheet (1997)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 137 (Apr. 1997), p. 40-46 
    Details
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/44/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FKEM.137.40.pdf
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Use of Intravenous γ-Globulin for Kawasaki Disease: Effects on Cardiac Sequelae (1997)
    Springer
    Pediatric cardiology 18 (1997), S. 19-23 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1971
    Keywords: Key words: Gamma-globulin treatment — Kawasaki disease — Cardiac sequelae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. The administration of intravenous γ-globulin (IVGG) for Kawasaki disease was investigated throughout Japan in 1993 by obtaining information from pediatric departments in 2652 hospitals that had more than 100 beds. Of 11,221 reported patients, 8958 patients (79.8%) received IVGG treatment. Of all the patients to whom IVGG was administered, the most common total dose was 1000 mg/kg (36.3%) followed by 2000 mg/kg (16.9%) and 1200 mg/kg (16.8%). The treatment was started in 53.8% by day 5 of the illness and in 83.7% by day 7. The proportion of those with cardiac sequelae was higher among patients administered 〉2000 mg/kg or in those started on IVGG on day 9 of their illness or later. The possible reasons are (1) those who were more severely affected were treated with high-dose IVGG earlier; or (2) IVGG does not effectively prevent cardiac sequelae. We concluded that there is a risk of unfavorable effects with IVGG regarding cardiac sequelae when the IVGG dose is 〉2000 mg/kg or if IVGG is started on day 9 or later. We believe that only a randomized controlled trial, undertaken prospectively, can adequately address the question of the optimal use of IVGG.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002469900102
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