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  • 1
    ISSN: 1431-4630
    Keywords: Key words Radiation-induced hydrocarbons ; Irradiated components ; Processed food ; Complex lipid matrices ; Argentation chromatography
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract  Detection of irradiated components in processed food with complex lipid matrices can be affected by two problems. First, the processed food may contain only a small amount of the irradiated component, and the radiation-induced hydrocarbons may be diluted throughout the lipid matrix of the whole food. Second, in complex lipid matrices, the detection of prior irradiation is often disturbed by fat-associated compounds. In these cases, common solid phase extraction (SPE) Florisil clean-up alone is inadequate in the detection of prior irradiation. Subsequent SPE argentation chromatography of the Florisil eluate allows the measurement of small amounts of irradiated lipid-containing ingredients in processed food as well as the detection of prior irradiation in complex lipid matrices such as paprika and chilli. SPE argentation chromatography is the first method available for the selective enrichment of radiation-specific hydrocarbons from even complex lipid matrices, thus enabling the detection of irradiation doses as low as 0.025 kGy. Furthermore, by using radiation-induced hydrocarbons in the detection of prior irradiation of paprika and chilli powder, a second independent method, the first being measurement of thermoluminescence, is available for the analysis of these matrices. Such analysis could be achieved by using this highly sensitive, cheap and easy to perform combined SPE Florisil/argentation chromatography method, without the need for sophisticated techniques like SFE-GC/MS or LC-GC/MS, so that highly sensitive detection of prior irradiation could be performed in almost every laboratory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Der Radiologe 37 (1997), S. 42-50 
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Primäre maligne Hirnlymphome ; CT ; MRT ; Differentialdiagnose ; Key words Primary malignant lymphoma of the brain ; CT ; MRI ; Differential diagnosis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Primary malignant lymphoma of the brain is a disease of unknown etiology, which is increasing in incidence and has an unfavorable prognosis. Despite the lack of specific changes on CT or MRI in most cases, these procedures may typically facilitate the diagnosis: a focal-enhancing mass with subependymal spread on CT or MRI and hyperattenuation on nonenhanced CT are the most reliable features in the diagnosis of primary malignant lymphoma of the brain. Peritumoral edema and mass effect are usually not prominent features. On unenhanced CT scans they usually appear homogeneously isodense to mildly hyperdense relative to the gray matter. On MRI these tumors are slightly hypointense on T1-weighted images and slightly hyperintense on PD- and T2-weighted images relative to the gray matter. On CT and MRI enhancement is usually homogeneous. Contrast-enhanced MRI, with its multiplanar capability, lack of bone-induced artifacts, and high-contrast resolution, is likely to reveal subependymal spread and meningeal involvement that have escaped detection by CT. Because there are no specific features on CT or MRI in most cases, patients who are suspected of having primary malignant lymphoma of the brain should immediately undergo biopsy and, if the diagnosis is confirmed, whole-brain radiation therapy. With early diagnosis and treatment, these patients benefit from radiation therapy.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Die primären Hirnlymphome sind eine Erkrankung mit zunehmender Häufigkeit, ungeklärter Ätiologie, und – obwohl meist strahlensensibel und chemotherapeutisch gut beeinflußbar – letztlich infauster Prognose. CT und MRT spielen in der Primärdiagnostik eine entscheidende Rolle, da durch das meist zwar nicht spezifische, aber typische Erscheinungsbild die Diagnose eines primären Hirnlymphoms wahrscheinlich gemacht werden kann. So ist beim Vorliegen einer periventrikulären Raumforderung, die im Nativ-CT hyperdens ist, die Kontrastmittel aufnimmt und die eine subependymale KM-Anreicherung zeigt, ein primäres zerebrales Lymphom die wahrscheinlichste Diagnose. Computertomographisch sind die primären Hirnlymphome im Nativ-Bild meist hyperdens, haben relativ geringes perifokales Ödem und wirken wenig raumfordernd. Magnetresonanztomographisch sind sie auf T1-gewichtetenAufnahmen hypointens zum Marklager und auf PD- und T2-gewichteten Aufnahmen iso- oder gering hyperintens zur grauen Substanz. Nach Kontrastmittelgabe reichern sie typischerweise homogen an. Mit der MRT können typische Veränderungen wie subependymale Ausbreitung, meningeale Beteiligung und Manifestation in der hinteren Schädelgrube besser als mit der CT nachgewiesen werden. Da die morphologischen Kriterien nicht spezifisch sind, sollte zur Diagnosesicherung biopsiert werden, damit frühzeitig eine Strahlentherapie durchgeführt werden kann, die zu einer signifikanten Verlängerung der Lebenserwartung führt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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