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  • 1
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Secretoneurin is a recently described peptide derived by endoproteolytic processing from secretogranin II, previously named chromogranin C. In this study, we have investigated the distribution of secretoneurin-like immunoreactivity in the human hippocampus in controls and in Alzheimer's disease patients, and compared the staining pattern to that of calretinin. Secretoneurin-like immunoreactivity is present throughout the hippocampal formation. At the border of the dentate molecular layer and the granule cell layer, a band of dense secretoneurin immunostaining appeared. In this part, as in the area of the CA2 sector, the high density of secretoneurin-immunoreactivity coincided with calretinin-like immunoreactivity. The mossy fibre system displayed a moderate density of secretoneurin-immunoreactivity. In the entorhinal cortex, a particularly high density of secretoneurin-immunoreactivity was observed. The density of secretoneurin-like immunoreactivity was significantly reduced in the innermost part of the molecular layer and in the outer molecular layer of the dentate gyrus in Alzheimer's disease. For calretinin-like immunoreactivity, a less pronounced decrease was found in the innermost part of the molecular layer. About 40–60% of neuritic plaques were secretoneurin-immunopositive.This study shows that secretoneurin is distinctly distributed in the human hippocampus and that significant changes of secretoneurin-like immunoreactivity occur in Alzheimer's disease, reflecting synaptic loss.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International urogynecology journal 9 (1998), S. 100-102 
    ISSN: 1433-3023
    Keywords: Bladder ; Oxybutynin ; Urinary incontinence
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Our aim was to determine whether oxybutynin hydrochloride suppositories can be used as a treatment for detrusor instability in patients who have not been able to tolerate oral pharmacological agents. A retrospective chart review of 25 women diagnosed with detrusor instability and treated with oxybutynin rectal suppositories was conducted. Each suppository contained 5 mg oxybutynin, 15 mg micronized Sila gel, and 1.25 g of a fatty acid base. Patients were started on one suppository twice daily and then dose titrated as tolerated. The range of the total daily dose was 5–20 mg. Nine of 25 women (36%) had greater than a 50% overall subjective improvement and 3 (12%) had some improvement. Seven of the 12 responders (58%) continued to use the suppositories for a prolonged period of time (〉90 days). The most common side effects reported were dry mouth 48% and constipation 14.3%. One patient with polymyositis developed a serious anticholinergic reaction which required hospitalization. It was concluded that patients who are unable to tolerate oral anticholinergic and antispasmodic agents for the treatment of detrusor instability may benefit from oxybutynin rectal suppositories.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Trauma und Berufskrankheit 1 (1998), S. 24-32 
    ISSN: 1436-6274
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Distale Radiusfraktur ; Operationsverfahren ; Fixateur externe ; Spongiosaplastik ; Key words Distal radial fractures ; Operative treatment ; External fixation ; Bone-grafting
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Because non-operative treatment of distal radial fractures usually has a poor outcome there has been a trend towards operative treatment, targeting the anatomical reconstuction of the distal radius and the joint. Analysis of the fracture based on the AO classification allows rational treatment and makes the results comparable. A detailed indication list for more diffentiated therapy of these radial fractures and a detailed description of the operative technique are given. From 1993 to 1997, 174 patients were treated with external fixation of the AO in the Berufsgenossenschaftlichen Unfallklinik Ludwigshafen (trauma center level one). Type C fractures were found in 90%. Two-thirds of the patients were women. Three different types of treatment have been compared: (1) external fixation; (2) external fixation and change to internal fixation with bone-grafting; (3) external fixation and bone-grafting. Similar functional results were achieved in all groups. The loss of repositioning in the follow-up was smallest in group 3. The following complications were found: local pin-tract infections in 15 patients, operations because of hematoma in the pelvic region of bone harvesting in 5 patients and 10 severe dislocations in the group with internal fixation. External fixation including bone-grafting showed the best results in severe type C fractures of the distal radius.
    Notes: Bei der Versorgung der körperfernen Radiusfraktur ist aufgrund unbefriedigender Ergebnisse nach konservativer Behandlung ein Wechsel zur operativen Therapie mit dem Ziel der anatomischen Gelenkrekonstruktion zu beobachten. Eine Frakturanalyse basierend auf der AO-Klassifikation ermöglicht eine bedarfsgerechte Therapieplanung und den Vergleich der Ergebnisse. Nach einer Darstellung der Indikationen zur differenzierten Therapie der distalen Radiusfraktur werden die Ergebnisse der in den Jahren von 1993–1997 in der BG Unfallklinik Ludwigshafen mit Fixateur externe (FE) behandelten Patienten (n = 174) unter besonderer Berücksichtigung der Operationstechnik analysiert. C-Frakturen lagen nach der Klassifikation der AO zu 90% vor, Frauen waren zu ⅔ betroffen. Drei Behandlungsgruppen wurden unterschieden: 1. FE, 2. FE und Wechsel auf ein internes Verfahren mit Spongiosaplastik sowie 3. FE und Spongiosaplastik. Bei vergleichbarer Funktion beobachteten wir den geringsten Korrekturverlust in Gruppe 3. An Komplikationen traten auf: lokale Pininfekte bei 15 Patienten, 5 Hämatomrevisionen an der Spongiosaentnahmestelle am Beckenkamm und 10 Dislokationen nach Verfahrenswechsel auf eine Plattenosteosynthese. Die Stabilisierung im Fixateur externe mit begleitender (ein- oder zweizeitiger) Spongiosaplastik scheint die besten Ergebnisse bei der Versorgung der komplexen C-Frakturen des distalen Radius zu erbringen.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 17 (1998), S. 583-586 
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Two elderly patients with obstructive renal calculi who developedCandida albicans bloodstream infection within 12 h following ureteroscopy and ureteral stenting are described. Both patients were treated with prolonged courses of broad-spectrum antibiotics and were found to have urine cultures positive forCandida albicans prior to the urologic procedures. One patient also developed bilateral candidal endophthalmitis. The clinical presentation was indistinguishable from bacteremia complicating manipulation of the urinary tract. The patients were successfully treated with systemic antifungal therapy. Candiduria may present a risk for dissemination during invasive, relatively simple urologic procedures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases 17 (1998), S. 583-586 
    ISSN: 1435-4373
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Two elderly patients with obstructive renal calculi who developed Candida albicans bloodstream infection within 12 h following ureteroscopy and ureteral stenting are described. Both patients were treated with prolonged courses of broad-spectrum antibiotics and were found to have urine cultures positive for Candida albicans prior to the urologic procedures. One patient also developed bilateral candidal endophthalmitis. The clinical presentation was indistinguishable from bacteremia complicating manipulation of the urinary tract. The patients were successfully treated with systemic antifungal therapy. Candiduria may present a risk for dissemination during invasive, relatively simple urologic procedures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1435-1463
    Keywords: Keywords: Chromogranin ; secretoneurin ; Parkinson's disease ; Alzheimer ; multiple sclerosis.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. Human cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) contains chromogranin A and B and secretogranin II which represent peptides secreted from neuronal large dense core vesicles. Within these vesicles these precursor peptides are at least partly processed to smaller peptides. We analysed the CSF levels of chromogranins/secretogranin by radioimmunoassay using specific antisera. The degree of their processing was characterized by molecular sieve column chromatography followed by radioimmunoassay. As previously shown secretogranin II is fully processed to smaller peptides including the peptide secretoneurin, whereas processing of chromogranin A was more limited. For chromogranin B we found in this study a high degree of processing comparable to that of secretogranin II. An analysis of CSF from patients with multiple sclerosis, essential tremor, Alzheimer and Parkinson disease, did not reveal any differences in proteolytic processing of chromogranins/secretogranin when compared to control CSF. We conclude that in the four diseases investigated there is no change in the proteolytic processing of the chromogranins/secretogranin within the large dense core vesicles. The absolute levels of chromogranins/secretogranin varied in CSF collected in different hospitals, however their relative ratios were remarkable constant. We suggest to use this ratio as a parameter to standardise CSF levels of other peptides, e.g. neuropeptides. In Parkinson patients the chromogranin A/secretogranin II ratio was significantly increased whereas in Alzheimer patients and those with essential tremor and multiple sclerosis no change of the ratios was observed. Apparently there are only limited changes in the biosynthesis, processing, secretion and CSF clearance of these peptides in pathological conditions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular neurobiology 18 (1998), S. 193-209 
    ISSN: 1573-6830
    Keywords: neuropeptide ; chromogranins ; secretogranin ; VGF ; prohormone con-vertases ; cytochrome b-561
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract 1. The proteins of large dense-core vesicles (LDV) in neuroendocrine tissues are well characterized. Secretory components comprise chromogranins and neuropeptides. Intrinsicmembrane proteins include cytochrome b-561, transporters, SV2, synaptotagmin, and sy-naptobrevin. 2. The effects of stimulation and of second messengers on the biosynthesis of LDV have been studied in detail. 3. Regulation of biosynthesis is complex. The cell can adapt to prolonged stimulation either by producing vesicles of normal size filled with a higher quantum of secretorypeptides or by forming larger vesicles. In addition, some components, e.g., enzymes, canbe upregulated specifically.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1572-9540
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Nuclear resonant scattering of synchrotron radiation was applied to investigate the spin‐crossover complex Fe(tpa)(NCS)2 (tpa=tris(2‐pyridylmethyl)amine). The nuclear forward scattering experiments are compared with conventional Mössbauer experiments, and the nuclear inelastic scattering experiments are compared with the results from a theoretical normal mode analysis based on molecular orbital calculations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Hyperfine interactions 113 (1998), S. 3-14 
    ISSN: 1572-9540
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Iron clusters are the catalytically active groups of many proteins. The basis building blocks of these clusters are few; they are all variants of three archetypal patterns: [Fe–O–Fe], [2Fe–2S], and [4Fe–4S]. Mössbauer spectroscopy, in conjunction with EPR spectroscopy, susceptometry and EXAFS, plays an important role in characterizing type, number, oxidation states and magnetic properties of such clusters in newly discovered proteins, and in detecting how valency and magnetism vary by passing through the catalytical cycle of these proteins. In this contribution we present the characterization of a novel iron cluster with unusual bridging and terminal ligands and metal coordinations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1572-9540
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The mechanism of spin‐lattice relaxation has been investigated in the “picket‐fence” porphyrin [Fe(CH3COO)(TPpivP)]-, a high‐spin iron(II) complex with unusual large quadrupole splitting of 4.25 mm s-1, by conventional Mössbauer spectroscopy as well as by nuclear resonant forward scattering (NFS). Superparamagnetism with a blocking temperature of about 8 K is observable by both methods in the spectra of bacterioferritin from S. olivaceus. From these two examples general conclusions about the merits of both methods can be drawn.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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