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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histological changes in steroid-responsive IgA nephropathy in children (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Nephrology 4 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1440-1797
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1797.1998.tb00446.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Clinical significance of plasma endothelin levels in patients with biliary atresia (1998)
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 13 (1998), S. 491-493 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Key words Endothelin ; Biliary atresia ; Portal hypertension
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Biliary atresia (BA) is the end-result of a destructive inflammatory process that affects intra- and extrahepatic bile ducts, leading to fibrosis and obliteration of the biliary tracts with the development of biliary cirrhosis and portal hypertension (PH). Endothelins (ET) are 21-amino-acid peptides of endothelial origin with potent vasoconstrictor activity that bind to various cells of the liver. Nothing is presently known about plasma ET levels in BA. The aim of this study was to determine the clinical significance of plasma ET levels in patients with BA after hepatic portoenterostomy (Kasai's procedure) and to correlate these with liver function tests (LFT) and PH. We measured plasma concentrations of ET in 19 patients with BA (5 boys and 14 girls; mean age 11.6 ± 5.5 years) after portoenterostomy and 10 age-matched controls. Patients were grouped according to outcome based on LFT: group A consisted of 9 patients with an ‘‘unfavorable outcome” and Group B 10 patients with a “favorable outcome”. The plasma ET levels were measured using a highly sensitive and specific enzyme immunometeric assay (EIA). No patient had ascites or hepatorenal syndrome. Plasma ET levels were significantly higher in patients with BA than in controls (3.42 ± 0.42 vs 1.75 ± 0.39 pg/ml, respectively; P 〈 0.01) and in patients in group A than in group B. (3.75 ± 0.25 vs 3.06 ± 0.23 pg/ml, respectively; P 〈 0.01). In group A, plasma ET levels were higher in patients with PH (n = 4) than in those without PH (n = 5) (3.99 ± 0.06 vs 3.64 ± 0.22 pg/ml, respectively; P 〈 0.05). We conclude that plasma ET levels are high in patients with BA, especially those with severe biliary cirrhosis, and that ET may partially contribute to development of PH in BA. The results of the present study also suggest that plasma ET concentrations may be a useful marker in the follow-up of patients with BA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003830050380
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scanning tunnelling spectroscopy of dangling-bond wires fabricated on the Si(100)-2×1-H surface (1998)
    Springer
    Applied physics 66 (1998), S. S695 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0630
    Keywords: PACS: 73.20.At; 73.61.-r; 61.16.Ch; 68.35.Bs
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003390051224
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hepatic cirrhosis: magnetisation transfer contrast in the globus pallidus (1998)
    Springer
    Neuroradiology 40 (1998), S. 145-149 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1920
    Keywords: Key words Cirrhosis ; hepatic ; Manganese ; Globus pallidus ; Magnetisation transfer ratio
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The magnetisation transfer ratio (MTR), a quantitative tissue characteristic, and the pallidal index were measured in the globus pallidus of 37 patients with hepatic cirrhosis and 37 control subjects. The MTR decreased with severity of the disease, as indicated by the serum total bililubin, indocyanine green 15-min retention rate, and plasma ammonia. The pallidal index correlated significantly with haematological parameters, although the correlation coefficients tended to be lower than those between MTR and haematological parameters. This change in MTR corresponded to the results of the manganese chloride experiments. T1 shortening in the pallidum of patients with cirrhosis is presumably caused by paramagnetic effects, and possibly attributed to manganese deposition.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002340050555
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Soft computing for the intelligent robust control of a robotic unicycle with a new physical measure for mechanical controllability (1998)
    Springer
    Soft computing 2 (1998), S. 73-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 1433-7479
    Keywords: Key words Biomechanical model ; Soft computing algorithms ; Intelligent robot unicycle ; Robust control ; Posture stability ; Controllability ; Fuzzy control ; Entropy measure of controllability
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract  The posture stability and driving control of a human-riding-type unicycle have been realized. The robot unicycle is considered as a biomechanical system using an internal world representation with a description of emotion, instinct and intuition mechanisms. We introduced intelligent control methods based on soft computing and confirmed that such an intelligent control and biological instinct as well as intuition together with a fuzzy inference is very important for emulating human behaviors or actions. Intuition and instinct mechanisms are considered as global and local search mechanisms of the optimal solution domains for an intelligent behavior and can be realized by genetic algorithms (GA) and fuzzy neural networks (FNN) accordingly. For the fitness function of the GA, a new physical measure as the minimum entropy production for a description of the intelligent behavior in a biological model is introduced. The calculation of robustness and controllability of the robot unicycle is presented. This paper provides a general measure to estimate the mechanical controllability qualitatively and quantitatively, even if any control scheme is applied. The measure can be computed using a Lyapunov function coupled with the thermodynamic entropy change. Interrelation between Lyapunov function (stability condition) and entropy production of motion (controllability condition) in an internal biomechanical model is a mathematical background for the design of soft computing algorithms for the intelligent control of the robotic unicycle. Fuzzy simulation and experimental results of a robust intelligent control motion for the robot unicycle are discussed. Robotic unicycle is a new Benchmark of non-linear mechatronics and intelligent smart control.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s005000050036
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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