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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bone mineral density of the proximal femur after unilateral cementless total hip replacement (1999)
    Springer
    International orthopaedics 23 (1999), S. 104-106 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5195
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé  Le but de cette étude est de déterminer prospectivement la densité osseuse préopératoire et de la comparer avec les résultats de la densité postopératoire après l’implantation d’une prothése de hanche controlaterale. La densité osseuse de 45 malades (x=54 années) a été mesurée avec la méthode DEXA à la hanche non operée, une semaine, 3 et 6 mois après l’implantation d’une prothese. Nos résultats montrent une réduction de la densité osseuse par l’immobilisation entre −3 et −5,9% (x=−3,9%). Cette différence diminue dans les prochains trois mois à une valeur de −2.5%, qui n’etait plus significative. L’évaluation préopérative montrait une différence de −4.5% en faveur de la hanche qui n’était pas atteinte (12 hanches).
    Notes: Abstract  It was the aim of this study to examine bone mineral density changes in the non-operated contralateral femur of patients undergoing total hip replacement. Bone density in the contralateral femur of 45 patients with an average age of 54 years was measured with the aid of the DEXA technique at one week, 3 and 6 months after total hip replacement. Within the first 3 months there was an average reduction of bone density of 3.9% (3.0%–5.9%). After a further 3 months the average difference was 2.5%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002640050318
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A PC program for estimating organ dose and effective dose values in computed tomography (1999)
    Springer
    European radiology 9 (1999), S. 555-562 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1084
    Keywords: Key words: CT ; Spiral CT ; Dose ; Organ dose ; Effective dose
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Dose values in CT are specified by the manufacturers for all CT systems and operating conditions in phantoms. It is not trivial, however, to derive dose values in patients from this information. Therefore, we have developed a PC-based program which calculates organ dose and effective dose values for arbitrary scan parameters and anatomical ranges. Values for primary radiation are derived from measurements or manufacturer specifications; values for scattered radiation are derived from Monte Carlo calculations tabulated for standard anthropomorphic phantoms. Based on these values, organ doses can be computed by the program for arbitrary scan protocols in conventional and in spiral CT. Effective dose values are also provided, both with ICRP 26 and ICRP 60 tissue-weighting coefficients. Results for several standard CT protocols are presented in tabular form in this paper. In addition, potential for dose reduction is demonstrated, for example, in spiral CT and in quantitative CT. Providing realistic patient dose estimates for arbitrary CT protocols is relevant both for the physician and the patient, and it is particularly useful for educational and training purposes. The program, called WinDose, is now in use at the Erlangen University hospitals (Germany) as an information tool for radiologists and patients. Further extensions are planned.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003300050709
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kernspintomographische Verlaufskontrolle bei Kindern nach Schädel-Hirn-Trauma (1999)
    Springer
    Der Radiologe 39 (1999), S. 882-888 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2102
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Schädel-Hirn-Trauma ; Magnetresonanztomographie ; Nachuntersuchung ; Pädiatrie ; Corpus callosum ; Key words Magnetic resonance imaging ; Severe head injury ; Follow-up ; Pediatric ; Corpus callosum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary Purpose: A prospective study was initiated for the correlation of the findings in the initial cranial CT with the long-term follow-up MRI in children with severe head injury. Another aim was the evaluation of frequency and location of lesions, found only in MRI. Methods: 70 children with severe head injury and initially performed pathological CCT were followed up (mean time 3 years) by MRI. Results: 71% of the children had a pathological MRI. In 43% of the children with subdural bleeding could be found parenchymal lesions in the underlying cortex. All 15 children with epidural bleeding had unsuspicious findings at the former hematoma. All of the contusions were found as parenchymal residual lesions. 44% of the children had evidence of parenchymal lesions in the follow-up MRI initially and retrospectively not revealable. 16 lesions in the corpus callosum were only revealed by MRI. Conclusion: This study shows the higher sensitivity of magnetic resonance imaging in non-hemorrhagic parenchymal lesions and in ”diffuse axonal injury”. A MRI-examination is recommended in children with severe head injury, especially in patients with normal CCT and posttraumatic neurological deficits.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Fragestellung: Im Rahmen einer prospektiven Studie wurden die Befunde initial durchgeführter Computertomographien bei Kindern mit schwerem SHT mit den Ergebnissen einer MR-Nachuntersuchung korreliert und zusätzlich eine Evaluation der Häufigkeit und Lokalisation ausschließlich kernspintomographisch nachweisbarer Läsionen durchgeführt. Methodik: 70 Kinder mit initial nach SHT durchgeführtem und pathologischem CT wurden im Rahmen eines Follow-up im zeitlichen Abstand von durchschnittlich 3 Jahren kernspintomographisch nachuntersucht. Ergebnisse: Bei 71% der nachuntersuchten Kinder konnten pathologische MRT-Befunde erhoben werden. 43% der Kinder mit einer subduralen Blutung wiesen kortikal, der ehemaligen Blutung anliegende, Parenchymläsionen auf, dagegen zeigten alle 15 Kinder mit Epiduralhämatom an der Stelle der ehemaligen Blutung einen unauffälligen Befund. Alle Kontusionen waren im Follow-up als umschriebene Substanzdefekte nachweisbar. Allerdings wiesen 44% der Kinder Parenchymläsionen auf, die initial und retrospektiv computertomographisch nicht nachweisbar waren. Alle 16 im Corpus callosum gelegenen Herde ware nur mit Hilfe der MRT nachzuweisen. Schlußfolgerung: Zusammengefaßt zeigt die vorliegende Studie die deutlich höhere Sensitivität der Kernspintomographie für nichthämorrhagische Hirnparenchymläsionen und Läsionen im Sinne von „diffusen axonalen Verletzungen” gegenüber der Computertomographie. Bei Kindern mit erlittenem SHT sollte im Verlauf eine kernspintomographische Abklärung durchgeführt werden, vor allem bei posttraumatischen neurologischen Auffälligkeiten, die nicht mit Hilfe der initialen computertomographischen Untersuchung erklärt werden können.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s001170050726
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sacrococcygeal teratoma: clinical course and prognosis with a special view to long-term functional results (1999)
    Springer
    Pediatric surgery international 15 (1999), S. 573-576 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-9813
    Keywords: Key words Sacrococcygeal teratoma ; Prognosis ; Functional impairment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract From 1976 to 1995, 23 children, 4 boys and 19 girls, were treated at our department for sacrococcygeal teratomas (SCT). Their records were analyzed retrospectively, considering age at operation, histopathology, recurrences, and long-term evolution. One died on the 1st day of life following tumor rupture with hemorrhagic shock without surgical intervention. All others were operated upon at a mean age of 4.2 days for those 19 (=82%) who were diagnosed in the neonatal period and whose histology proved benign. In the remaining 3 children, in whom tumor manifestation did not occur before 11 months, 13 months, and 10 years of age, respectively, histopathologic evaluation revealed 2 carcinomas and 1 yolk-sac tumor, and all 3 recurred. Overall, 5 patients died, the 1 mentioned above, 1 due to volvulus after laparotomy, and 1 from multiple associated congenital malformations. Two deaths were related to malignancy, whereby only 1 was a malignant teratoma diagnosed at the original operation. Eight children had recurrences, 2 were benign and 6 malignant, with 3 of the latter having been graded benign on histology of the primary tumor. Of the 18 surviving patients, 17 (93.5%) returned for clinical review following a standardized protocol. The average interval from the primary surgery was 12.3 years (range 3.5–22 years). Four had malignant tumors with a recurrence-free period of from 9 to 14 years; 5 (29.4%) had urinary or anorectal functional impairment. One child with a patulous anus presented with fecal soiling. Two reported nocturnal enuresis, 1 associated with perineal anesthesia. One had a neurogenic bladder with overflow voiding and bilateral third-degree vesicoureteral reflux. Second-degree reflux was found in the last patient. We conclude that follow-up after surgery for SCT should not only search for tumor recurrence but include the diagnosis and treatment of possible secondary urinary and/or fecal incontinence.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003830050675
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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