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  • 2000-2004  (25)
  • 1975-1979
  • 2002  (3)
  • 2000  (22)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of a Ti seed layer on the magnetic properties of CoCrTa double-layered perpendicular media (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 6367-6369 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The effect of a Ti seed layer on the magnetic properties and microstructure of Co77Cr19Ta4 was studied in Co77Cr19Ta4/Ti/M (M=Co91Zr3Nb6, Fe, Co) double-layered perpendicular recording media. A thin Ti film of ∼5 nm enhanced the c-axis alignment perpendicular to the film plane, resulting in a large perpendicular anisotropy Ku and the best magnetic properties under the present experimental conditions. The coercivity at this Ti thickness (3–3.7 kOe) was approximately half of the magnetocrystalline anisotropy field Hk estimated from the Ku value, even with the present thick 50 nm CoCrTa. The recording performance using a single-pole-type writing head showed that media with a 5 nm Ti layer had higher recording sensitivity compared to media without Ti layers, and a higher SN value at densities greater than 200 kFRPI. No significant loss of recording resolution due to the nonmagnetic Ti space between the CoCrTa and the back layers was observed by the use of the 5 nm Ti film. Moreover, the results for media with Fe back layers indicated that a thinner back layer with a high flux density can be used without any reduction of recording sensitivity and resolution. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.372708
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experiments on ion-acoustic shock waves in a dusty plasma (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 9 (2002), S. 440-445 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Dust ion-acoustic shock waves have been investigated experimentally in a homogeneous unmagnetized dusty double-plasma device. An initial compressional wave with a ramp shape steepens to form oscillations at the leading part due to dispersion. The oscillation develops to a train of solitons when the plasma contains no dust grain. The wave becomes an oscillatory shock wave when the dust is mixed in the plasma and the density of the dust grains is smaller than a critical value. When the dust density is larger than the critical value, only steepening is observed at the leading part of the wave and a monotonic shock structure is observed. The velocity and width of the shock waves are measured and compared with results of numerical integrations of the modified Korteweg–de Vries–Burgers equation. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1431974
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Compatibility between high energy particle confinement and magnetohydrodynamic stability in the inward-shifted plasmas of the Large Helical Device : Review,Tutorial and Invited Papers from the 43rd Annual Meeting of the APS Division of Plasma Physics (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 9 (2002), S. 2020-2026 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The experimentally optimized magnetic field configuration of the Large Helical Device [A. Iiyoshi et al., Nucl. Fusion 39, 1245 (1999)], where the magnetic axis is shifted inward by 15 cm from the early theoretical prediction, reveals 50% better global energy confinement than the prediction of the scaling law. This configuration has been investigated further from the viewpoints of high energy particle confinement and magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) stability. The confinement of high energy ions is improved as expected. The minority heating of ion cyclotron range of frequency was successful and the heating efficiency was improved by the inward shift. The confinement of passing particles by neutral beam injection was also improved under low magnetic field strength, and there could be obtained an almost steady high beta discharge up to 3% in volume average. This was a surprising result because the observed pressure gradient exceeded the Mercier unstable limit. The observed MHD activities became as high as beta but they did not grow enough to deteriorate the confinement of high energy ions or the performance of the bulk plasma, which was still 50% better than the scaling. According to these favorable results, better performance would be expected by increasing the heating power because the neoclassical transport can also be improved there. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1448345
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High frequency effects in perpendicular recording media (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 4990-4992 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Simulations of perpendicular recording media were carried out to determine the effect of switching speed limitations upon recording performance. Simulations of hysteresis loops at various applied field sweep rates show that the onset of a switching speed limited increase in coercivity occurs for sweep rates in excess of 2×1013 Oe/s. Switching speeds of individual grains were found to be around 18 to 38 ps, depending on the medium thickness and the magnetization state of surrounding grains. Recording simulations show that for media thicknesses of up to 180 Å, writing frequencies of 5 Gbit/s are feasible before loss of output occurs. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.373225
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In situ scanning tunneling microscopic study of polymerization of C60 clusters induced by electron injection from the probe tips (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 77 (2000), S. 2834-2836 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Polymerization of C60 clusters epitaxially grown on Si(111)-(7×7) substrates was found to be induced by electron injection from the probe tips of scanning tunneling microscopes (STM) as the sample bias was increased from +4.0 to +5.5 V, exhibiting an evolution behavior characterized by an incubation, a linear growth, and a saturation. The incubation time and the growth rate are dependent greatly on the sample site, which is explained by a model taking into account the pre-existing stress as the driving force of the polymerization and the internal stress built up as a consequence of polymerization producing a stress for backward reactions. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1320865
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Room-temperature Al single-electron transistor made by electron-beam lithography (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 76 (2000), S. 2256-2258 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We present a lithographically made Al single-electron transistor that shows gate modulation at room temperature. The temperature dependence of the modulation agrees with the orthodox theory, however, energy-level quantization in a tiny metallic island affects the device characteristics below 30 K. The charge-equivalent noise of the device at 300 K was measured to be ∼4×10−2 e/Hz1/2 at 1 Hz and is expected to be 1000 times lower in the white-noise regime at higher frequencies. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.126313
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Asymmetry in jaw-jerk reflex latency in craniomandibular dysfunction patients with unilateral masseter pain (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of oral rehabilitation 27 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2842
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The purpose of the present study was to elucidate the effects of unilateral masseter muscle pain on the jaw-jerk reflex. The latency and peak-to-peak amplitude of bilateral electromyographic activity recorded at the masseter muscles during the jaw-jerk reflex were measured in 18 patients with craniomandibular dysfunction (CMD) with strictly unilateral masseter pain or tenderness and 10 control subjects using a computerized recording and analysis system. The reflex was elicited, at the mandibular rest position, by tapping the centre of the chin downwards with a reflex hammer incorporating a microswitch that triggered the sweep of the recording apparatus upon contact with the chin. In the CMD group, the jaw-jerk latency on the affected side (6·89±0·98 ms) was significantly shorter (P〈0·01) than that on the unaffected side (7·59±0·92 ms). In the control group, there was no difference between the jaw-jerk latencies on the right (7·06±0·64 ms) and the left (7·08±0·65 ms) sides. The range of side asymmetry for jaw-jerk latencies in the CMD group was greater than that in the control group. In six patients, the latency difference exceeded 1 ms. The asymmetry of latency of the jaw-jerk reflex was thought to be due to facilitation on the side with masseter pain or tenderness. This facilitation on the ipsilateral side might be produced by enhanced gamma drive induced by sustained nociceptive stimulation. Such effects may be related with clinically derived concepts regarding such muscle dysfunction as myospastic activity or trigger points.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2842.2000.00595.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Role of elastase and active oxygen species in gastric mucosal injury induced by aspirin administration in Helicobacter pylori-infected Mongolian gerbils (2002)
    Oxford UK : Blackwell Science Ltd.
    Alimentary pharmacology & therapeutics 16 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: H. pylori infection potentiates aspirin-induced gastric mucosal injury by mechanisms that include accumulation of activated neutrophils.〈section xml:id="abs1-2"〉〈title type="main"〉Aim:To determine the role of elastase and active oxygen species (AOS) produced by activated neutrophils in the gastric mucosal injury induced by administration of acidified aspirin to H. pylori-infected Mongolian gerbils.〈section xml:id="abs1-3"〉〈title type="main"〉Methods: H. pylori ATCC43504 culture broth was administered by oral gavage to male Mongolian gerbils at 7 weeks of age. After 4 weeks, acidified aspirin (400 mg/kg) was administered orally, and 3 h later, the total area of gastric erosions, myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity (an index of neutrophil accumulation), thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS, an index of lipid peroxidation), and KC/GRO (a chemo-attractive cytokine in rodents) were measured in gastric mucosa. To determine the role of elastase or AOS derived from neutrophils in these circumstances, ONO-5046 (an elastase inhibitor), a combination of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (scavengers of AOS), and polaprezinc (an anti-ulcer agent with anti-inflammatory effects) were administered before aspirin.〈section xml:id="abs1-4"〉〈title type="main"〉Results:ONO-5046 inhibited the increase in gastric erosions and mucosal TBARS induced by administration of aspirin to H. pylori-infected gerbils, but not the increases in MPO activity or KC/GRO contents. A combination of SOD and catalase or polaprezinc significantly reduced gastric erosions, TBARS concentrations, MPO activity and KC/GRO concentration.〈section xml:id="abs1-5"〉〈title type="main"〉Conclusions:These results suggest that neutrophil-derived-elastase and -oxidants play an important role in the gastric mucosal injury induced by administration of aspirin to H. pylori-infected gerbils.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2036.16.s2.32.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A neural network model composed of two-state and three-state neurons (2000)
    Springer
    The European physical journal 13 (2000), S. 305-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 1434-6036
    Keywords: PACS. 05.45.-a Nonlinear dynamics and nonlinear dynamical systems - 87.80.Xa Neural engineering
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract: A neural network model composed of two-state (1 and -1) and three-state (1, 0 and -1) neurons is proposed. The two-state neurons are connected with the three-state ones only and vice versa. We derive dynamic equations for the model under the assumption of non-symmetrical dilution of connections. A zero-noise phase diagram is obtained and a region in which two fixed point solutions can coexist is found. Basins of attraction for the solutions are also investigated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100510050036
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa producing OXA-4 β-lactamase in a Japanese hospital in 1996 (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of infection and chemotherapy 6 (2000), S. 184-187 
    Details
    ISSN: 1437-7780
    Keywords: Key wordsPseudomonas aeruginosa ; OXA-4 ; β-Lactamase ; Polymerase chain reaction–single-strand conformation polymorphism ; PCR-SSCP
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract One-hundred and fifty isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were collected from different patients' specimens at Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital between April and August 1996. The 23 isolates resistant to piperacillin (minimum inhibitory concentration, ≥100 μg/ml) were widely distributed in the hospital wards. Using polymerase chain reaction–single-strand conformation polymorphism (PCR-SSCP) and isoelectric focusing (IEF) methods, we detected OXA-4β-lactamase hydrolyzing penams in 4 of the resistant isolates (17%) with O-serotype E. However, no other external β-lactamase was detected by the IEF method. The hybridization results showed that the OXA-4 genes were located in chromosome, but not in plasmid. Furthermore, the isolation rate was significantly lower than that found between 1992 and 1993 (61%; P 〈 0.01; χ2-test), suggesting a decreased rate of hospital infection caused by P. aeruginosa producing the OXA-4 enzyme.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s101560070020
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