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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Clinical psychology 8 (2001), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1468-2850
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Psychology
    Notes: Possible factors affecting normative shifts in Rorschach data are considered, including (a) genuine changes in mental health over time, (b) alterations in the type of target sample under consideration, (c) evolving scoring rules, and (d) variations in test administration skills or context. I show that the Comprehensive System (CS) criteria for coding form quality have changed substantially over time. Building on the extensive research of others, I also show that CS data collected around the world from people tested outside of a clinical context look somewhat less healthy than Exner's reference sample of socially/vocationally functioning nonpatients but somewhat more healthy than Exner's reference sample of people starting outpatient psychotherapy. Furthermore, preliminary results from Exner's new non-patient sample recruited using the same procedures as before reveals scores that are generally quite similar to the existing reference values. The assertion that CS norms overpathologize people is not supported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: In the COMPASS-D tokamak three multiviewing diagnostic systems are combined by using the same collection optics. HeI line ratios from a helium thermal jet provide detailed edge Te(r) and ne(r) profiles. The spectrometer also provides the Dα profile. A Doppler spectrometer system provides Ti and Vθ profiles using HeII emission. The Te and ne profiles are used in extracting neutral densities from the Dα emissivities, and the radial electric field from the Doppler measurements. The behavior of Te(r), ne(r), 2nD(r), Er, and Vθ and their gradients can now be compared in detail to investigate the H-mode transition physics. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 3115-3120 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A laser induced fluorescence technique (LIF) in combination with optical emission spectroscopy (OES) and Rayleigh scattering (RS) was applied to investigate absolute number densities of the population of the three nitrogen triplet states C 3Πu, B 3Πg, and the metastable A 3Σu+ in an asymmetric low pressure rf discharge. Primary targets of this investigation were the three lowest vibrational levels (v=0,1,2) of each triplet state and additionally v=8 of A 3Σu+ which can be populated very efficiently in the plasma sheath. Calibration of LIF intensities to absolute densities of A 3Σu+ and B 3Πg has been realized by comparison with the signal of the RS experiment done in pure nitrogen gas. Calibration of C 3Πu which we could not detect by LIF but rather only by OES was achieved after comparing OES and LIF signals of the B 3Πg state. Excitation energies of the analyzed states range from 6 up to 11.5 eV and the measured number densities differ by about seven orders of magnitude from as much as 1012 cm−3 down to almost 105 cm−3. In addition to the interpretation of the results this article describes the used calibration methods which are partly based on a suggestion made by P. Bogen (Proceedings of the XVI International Conference on Phenomena in Ionized Gases, Invited Papers, edited by W. Bötticher, H. Wenk, and E. Schultz-Gulde, Düsseldorf, 1983, pp. 164–173). © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 5815-5875 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We present a comprehensive, up-to-date compilation of band parameters for the technologically important III–V zinc blende and wurtzite compound semiconductors: GaAs, GaSb, GaP, GaN, AlAs, AlSb, AlP, AlN, InAs, InSb, InP, and InN, along with their ternary and quaternary alloys. Based on a review of the existing literature, complete and consistent parameter sets are given for all materials. Emphasizing the quantities required for band structure calculations, we tabulate the direct and indirect energy gaps, spin-orbit, and crystal-field splittings, alloy bowing parameters, effective masses for electrons, heavy, light, and split-off holes, Luttinger parameters, interband momentum matrix elements, and deformation potentials, including temperature and alloy-composition dependences where available. Heterostructure band offsets are also given, on an absolute scale that allows any material to be aligned relative to any other. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 5533-5542 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In this work, we have investigated the Schottky barrier heights on n- and p-type Si1−x−yGexCy alloys with Zr, Ti, W, Ni and Pt as metals (ΦBn and ΦBp, respectively). Contacts on Si1−xGex alloys showed various behaviors depending on the metal work function Φm. For low-Φm metals (Zr, Ti), ΦBn increases with x, while ΦBp(x) decreases. For higher Φm metals (Pt), ΦBn strongly decreases with x. In the particular case of W (intermediate Φm value), ΦBp follows exactly the decrease of the SiGe band gap with x, while ΦBn remains constant. Nevertheless, whatever the metal, the reduction of the sum ΦBn+ΦBp gives the band-gap variation as a function of x, and the Fermi level is located at the same position for both n and p-type layers. A weaker effect of Φm on the Schottky barrier heights is observed compared to pure Si: the position of the Fermi level tends to remain in the range 0.60–0.65 eV below the conduction band, as soon as Ge is adding in Si. W contacts on Si1−x−yGexCy alloys evidenced the strong effect of C on ΦBn and ΦBp. The variations of ΦBn(y) or ΦBp(y) cannot be correlated to the band gap. In addition, the position of the Fermi level at the interface depends on the type of the alloy. Nevertheless, as in the case of the binary alloy SiGe, a weaker dependence on Φm compared to that observed for pure Si is shown. High values of the ideality factor with increasing the C content may evidence the presence of interfacial inhomogeneities, which could be correlated to C short range order. The present results have been compared to existing published results. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 115 (2001), S. 7807-7810 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Molecular dynamics simulations of supercooled polymer melts are reported for long chains. This is the first simulation study at melt densities where the formation of chain-folded structures resembling the lamellae of polymer crystals is observed. Crystallization and subsequent melting temperatures are related linearly to the inverse lamellar thickness. Analysis of the single chain conformations in the crystal shows that most chains reenter the same lamella by tight backfolds. Simulations are performed with a mesoscopic bead-spring model including a specific angle bending potential. They demonstrate that chain stiffness alone, without an attractive inter-particle potential, is a sufficient driving force for the formation of chain-folded lamellae. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 114 (2001), S. 8505-8510 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The fundamental difference between classical (isothermal) nucleation theory (CNT) and adiabatic nucleation theory (ANT) is discussed. CNT uses the concept of isothermal heterophase fluctuations, while ANT depends on common fluctuations of the thermodynamic variables. Applications to the nonequilibrium liquid to vapor transition are shown. However, we cannot yet calculate nucleation frequencies. At present, we can only indicate at what temperatures and pressures copious homogeneous nucleation is expected in the liquid to vapor phase transition. It is also explained why a similar general indication cannot be made for the inverse vapor to liquid transition. Simultaneously, the validity of Peng–Robinson's equation of state [D.-Y. Peng and D. B. Robinson, Ind. Eng. Chem. Fundam. 15, 59 (1976)] is confirmed for highly supersaturated liquids. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 115 (2001), S. 2590-2602 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Sub-Doppler laser spectroscopy of the A 2E″←X 2E′ band of Li3 shows well-resolved and characteristic hyperfine structures of rovibronic transitions which can be explained in all detail by the interplay between the underlying Fermi-contact interaction, the symmetry species of the rovibronic states and the Coriolis coupling of rotational and pseudorotational motions. Ab initio calculated electron spin densities reproduce the observed line splittings to within 3%. In this Jahn–Teller distorted molecule magnetic equivalence of identical nuclei is strictly valid only for rovibronic states of A symmetry. However, it also holds for rovibronic states of E symmetry if they are of pure A vibronic origin, and it is enforced for many E states of pure E vibronic origin by Coriolis coupling. In contrast, those transitions which involve states with dominant Kc=0 rotation functions and/or with strong vibronic E/A mixing show significant changes in the hyperfine patterns due to magnetic inequivalence, sometimes called "hyperfine doubling." © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 114 (2001), S. 2036-2046 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We present a new approach for determining bound-state spectra of molecules or clusters. In our approach a wave packet propagation is performed, which exploits the efficiency of the multi-configuration time-dependent Hartree scheme, to produce an autocorrelation function. From this, an accurate spectrum is extracted employing the filter-diagonalization procedure. The accuracy of this hybrid method is demonstrated by applying it to the spectrum of carbon dioxide. Compared with the filter-diagonalization scheme based on a numerically exact wave packet propagation and with a matrix diagonalization using the Lanczos algorithm, our approach turns out to be more efficient. The method can easily be generalized to the treatment of resonant states. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 115 (2001), S. 2088-2100 
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The ground state and the first excited electronic states of the octa-atomic butatriene cation (C4H4+) exhibit a multidimensional conical intersection. This intersection is energetically low lying and is located in the vicinity of the Franck–Condon region of the neutral molecule's ground state. The conical intersection thus dominates the nuclear dynamics in ionization processes of this molecule. This is a particularly interesting example of vibronic coupling, introducing what appears to be a new, structured band into the energy spectrum. In this work, the potential energy surfaces and their intersection are investigated by ab initio methods. A diabatic model Hamiltonian including all possible linear, quadratic and bilinear vibronic coupling terms is introduced, with coupling constants determined by a fit to the ab initio data. The nuclear dynamics of all 18 vibrational modes is then evaluated by propagating the wave packet using the multi-configuration time-dependent Hartree method. Finally, the photoelectron spectrum of butatriene is computed and compared with the experimental one. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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