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  • 2000-2004  (13)
  • 2004  (10)
  • 2003  (3)
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  • 2000-2004  (13)
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrasonic Spray Pyrolysis for Synthesis of Spherical Zirconia Particles (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 87 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: This paper presents new findings on ultrasonic spray pyrolysis of zirconium hydroxyl acetate precursor drops whose sizes were precisely measured using laser light diffraction technique. Precursor concentration plays a predominant role in determination of product particle size. At 0.01 wt% precursor concentration, conventional spray pyrolysis at 750°C using precursor drops 5–8 μm in diameter, generated by an ultrasonic nebulizer at 2.66 MHz, yielded uniform spherical yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) particles 73 nm in diameter measured by scanning electron microscopy. The YSZ particle diameters were much smaller than those predicted by the one-particle-per-drop mechanism. Under similar reaction conditions, the high-throughput ultrasound-modulated two-fluid (UMTF) spray pyrolysis of larger precursor drops (28-μm peak diameter) also yielded spherical dense particles; they were significantly smaller in size than those produced by the low-throughput conventional ultrasonic spray pyrolysis of smaller drops (6.8-μm peak diameter).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2004.tb06332.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A dominant gdcP-specific marker derived from Moricandia nitens used for introducing the C3-C4 character from M. nitens into Brassica crops (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 123 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Differential localization of decarboxylation and carboxylation in association with Kranz anatomy distinguish species with C4 or C3-C4 intermediate photosynthesis from species with C3 photosynthesis. Moricandia nitens has a C3-C4 intermediate photosynthetic mechanism and yet is closely related to C3Brassica species. In order to introduce the C3-C4 character from M. nitens into Brassica crops, sesquitetraploids (MACC) were synthesized by crossing Brassica napus (AACC) and a somatic hybrid (M. nitens+B. oleracea, MMCC). Homologous fragments (2966 and 3254 bp) of P-protein gene of glycine decarboxylase (gdcP) were isolated from M. nitens and B. napus, respectively, to develop a PCR-based marker for assisted selection. Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) of the partial encoding regions of both gdcPs indicated that the mRNAs were expressed in the expanded leaf. The characterization of high divergence, but with large conserved island in the regulatory region of the two C3 species, implies that they may play an important role in maintaining the C3 photosynthetic pathway. Thereafter, a dominant gene-specific marker was developed within the highly divergent region for subsequent introduction of C3-C4 photosynthesis from Moricandia nitens into Brassica crops.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.2004.01030.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytogenetic analysis of two interspecific Citrus allotetraploid somatic hybrids and their diploid fusion parents (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Plant breeding 123 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Microsporogenesis of two interspecific allotetraploid somatic hybrids, i.e.‘Hamlin’ sweet orange +‘Rough Lemon’ (HR) and ‘Key’ lime +‘Valencia’ sweet orange (KV), was examined and compared with their corresponding diploid fusion parents. Meiotic analysis revealed that only 13.2 and 18.0% of the meiocytes exhibited normal tetrad formation in HR and KV somatic hybrid plants, respectively, and irregular chromosome behaviour with univalent or multivalent pairing occurred. Moreover, meiotic abnormalities such as chromosome bridges, chromosomes orientated away from the equatorial plate, especially lagging chromosomes, which resulted in different sizes of pollen grain, were frequently observed in both somatic hybrids. As expected, the percentage of chromosome abnormalities was much lower in their corresponding diploid fusion parents. HR and KV had 15.4 and 7.2% pollen germinability, respectively, intermediate between their corresponding fusion parents. The meiotic behaviour of these somatic hybrids provided valuable information for their practical utilization in a citrus breeding programme.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0523.2004.00972.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neurons of the trigeminal main sensory nucleus participate in the generation of rhythmic motor patterns (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 17 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The trigeminal principal sensory nucleus (NVsnpr) contains both trigemino-thalamic neurons and interneurons projecting to the reticular formation and brainstem motor nuclei. Here we describe the inputs and patterns of firing of NVsnpr neurons during fictive mastication in anaesthetized and paralysed rabbits to determine the role that NVsnpr may play in patterning mastication. Of the 272 neurons recorded in NVsnpr, 107 changed their firing patterns during repetitive stimulation of the left or right sensorimotor cortex to induce fictive mastication. Thirty increased their firing tonically. Seventy-seven became rhythmically active, but only 31 fired in phase with mastication. The others discharged in bursts at more than twice the frequency of trigeminal motoneurons. Most rhythmic masticatory neurons were concentrated in the dorsal part, and those which fired during the jaw closing phase of the cycle were confined to the anterior pole of the nucleus. Most of these cells had inputs from muscle spindle afferents, whereas most of those firing during jaw opening had inputs from periodontal receptors. Non-masticatory rhythmical neurons had receptive fields on the lips and face. The majority of rhythmical masticatory units were modulated during fictive mastication evoked by both the left and right cortices and only four changed their phase of firing when switching from one cortex to the other. When coupled with the finding that NVsnpr neurons exhibit spontaneous bursting in vitro[Sandler et al. (1998) Neuroscience, 83, 891], the results described here suggest that neurons of dorsal NVsnpr may form the core of the central pattern generator for mastication.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9568.2003.02450.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gene–gene synergistic effect on atopic asthma: tumour necrosis factor-α-308 and lymphotoxin-α-NcoI in Taiwan's children (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 34 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Asthma is now known to be an inflammatory response caused by the release of inflammatory mediators and cytokines. Tumour necrosis factor (TNF) is a potent cytokine in the inflammation response of the airway, and the polymorphisms of TNF genes have been associated with asthma.Objective This study investigated two variants, TNF-α-308*2 and lymphotoxin (LT)-α-NcoI*1, which may predispose individuals to asthma and atopy pathogenesis.Methods PCR-based assays were performed to determine LT-α-NcoI*1 and TNF-α-308*2 genotypes among our subjects, with 128 atopic asthmatics and 51 non-atopic asthmatics, 55 atopic controls, and 78 non-atopic controls in this genetic case–control study.Results The TNF-α-308*2 polymorphism increased in subjects with atopic asthma vs. non-atopic controls after adjusting for age distribution (adjusted odds ratios, AOR=2.73, 95% confidence interval, CI=1.16–6.64), but was not associated with non-atopic asthma (AOR=2.40, 95% CI=0.81–7.09). LT-α-NcoI*1 did not show an independent association with either atopic asthma or any one phenotype of specific IgE. The synergistic effect between these two genes was conducted, and the interaction between TNF-α-308*2 and LT-α-NcoI*1 polymorphisms was seen for atopic asthma (OR=2.59, 95% CI=1.10–6.10) when compared with all controls.Conclusion We have concluded that TNF-α-308 may be a risk factor for atopic asthma, whereas the LT-α-NcoI polymorphism may modify risk to atopic asthma with TNF-α-308.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2222.2004.01867.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    SCP1, a 356 023 bp linear plasmid adapted to the ecology and developmental biology of its host, Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Molecular microbiology 51 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The sequencing of the entire genetic complement of Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2) has been completed with the determination of the 365 023 bp sequence of the linear plasmid SCP1. Remarkably, the functional distribution of SCP1 genes somewhat resembles that of the chromosome: predicted gene products/functions include ECF sigma factors, antibiotic biosynthesis, a gamma-butyrolactone signalling system, members of the actinomycete-specific Wbl class of regulatory proteins and 14 secreted proteins. Some of these genes are among the 18 that contain a TTA codon, making them targets for the developmentally important tRNA encoded by the bldA gene. RNA analysis and gene fusions showed that one of the TTA-containing genes is part of a large bldA-dependent operon, the gene products of which include three proteins isolated from the spore surface by detergent washing (SapC, D and E), and several probable metabolic enzymes. SCP1 shows much evidence of recombinational interactions with other replicons and transposable elements during its history. For example, it has two sets of partitioning genes (which may explain why an integrated copy of SCP1 partially suppressed the defective partitioning of a parAB-deleted chromosome during sporulation). SCP1 carries a cluster of probable transfer determinants and genes encoding likely DNA polymerase III subunits, but it lacks an obvious candidate gene for the terminal protein associated with its ends. This may be related to atypical features of its end sequences.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2958.2003.03949.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elevated serum levels of a c-erbB-2 oncogene product in oral squamous cell carcinoma patients (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of oral pathology & medicine 33 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-0714
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objectives:  Amplification of the proto-oncogene c-erbB-2 (HER-2/neu) has been shown to be a prognostic marker in many kinds of cancer including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). In order to obtain further information on the c-erbB-2 gene product p185, it is necessary to quantify expression levels. In this study we used an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the extracellular domain of p185 to determine whether a soluble oncoprotein fragment can be detected in the serum of OSCC patients.Method:  Sera from 84 OSCC patients, 51 breast cancer patients (as positive controls), and 15 healthy controls were assayed in an ELISA. To study c-erbB-2 overexpression in OSCC, and breast cancer tissue samples we used an immunohistochemical technique.Results:  The mean serum value (ng/ml, mean/SD) for the normal controls was 8.46/1.29. We chose the 95% level of normal controls as a cut-off to distinguish individuals with elevated levels. The breast cancer patients’ and OSCC patients’ serum values were 13.83/6.82 and 13.1/4.56, respectively. Significant differences (P 〈 0.0001) were observed between normal control and OSCC, normal control and the breast cancer group. Immunohistochemically detectable p185 (intermediate to high) was noted in 30 of 61 OSCC, and 24 of 51 breast cancer patients. There was a trend of association of serum oncoprotein fragment levels with tumor stages, but not with tumor sizes, nodal stages, metastases, and oral habits including betel quid chewing, alcohol drinking and smoking in the OSCC group.Conclusion:  The results of the present study raise the possibility that soluble c-erbB-2 protein levels in serum is a useful parameter for monitoring the disease status as well as the effect of therapy on patients with OSCC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0714.2004.00209.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Near-tip microcrack shielding in advanced ceramics (2004)
    PO Box 1354, 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford OX4 2XG, UK. : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Fatigue & fracture of engineering materials & structures 27 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-2695
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Recent manufacturing of advanced ceramics has developed phase transformation and cracks tilted or bridged to enhance ceramic-inherent toughness. However, main crack and near-tip microcracks interaction is another prominent means in toughening of the ceramic materials. In this study, mechanics of discrete model combined with alternative iterating numerical technique is developed and applied in assessment of main–microcrack interaction. Consequences of main–microcrack interaction can either shield or amplify the resulting main crack stress intensity factor, which accounts for the increase or decrease of ceramic toughness. Numerical outcomes show good agreement with the available solutions in the literatures; in addition results also reveal that the toughness shielding or amplification is dependent on the type of loadings as well as location/orientation of the microcrack. Nevertheless, residual normal stress plays an important role in shielding/amplification region trade-off. This work may provide a useful quantitative tool in ceramic design and a valuable insight into main–micro interaction phenomenon.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1460-2695.2004.00718.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Detection by PCR of Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus, the bacterium causing citrus huanglongbing in vector psyllids: application to the study of vector–pathogen relationships (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Plant pathology 53 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-3059
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Citrus huanglongbing (HLB), previously called greening, is a serious citrus disease in Asia, eastern and southern Africa. It is caused by Candidatus Liberibacter asiaticus (Las), a phloem-limited, nonculturable bacterium transmitted by the Asian citrus psyllid (Diaphorina citri) in Asia. A PCR-based assay was developed for monitoring Las in vector psyllids using a rapid DNA extraction from psyllid bodies and PCR amplification. The entire procedure for Las detection in psyllids can be completed within 5 h. Using this method, Las can be accurately detected in psyllid adults as well as nymphs in different instar stages. The assay is sensitive enough for Las detection in single-psyllid extract from adult, fifth, fourth and third instars. In a transovarial transmission experiment, Las was not detected in eggs or in offspring produced by Las-carrying psyllid females. In a retention test, the Las-carrying psyllids remained Las-positive for 12 weeks after they were moved to common jasmine orange, a Las-immune plant. From these experimental results it was concluded that Las persists in the Asian citrus psyllid vector, but is not transovarially transmitted by the vector. These data help in understanding epidemiological characteristics of Las and psyllids in citrus HLB.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3059.2004.00948.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymicrobic infection of hybrid striped bass (Morone chrysops × Morone saxatilis) with three bacterial pathogens: a case report (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of fish diseases 27 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2761
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2761.2003.00517.x
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