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  • 2000-2004  (17)
  • 1985-1989
  • 1980-1984
  • 2003  (17)
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  • 2000-2004  (17)
  • 1985-1989
  • 1980-1984
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elevated monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 levels following thermal injury precede monocyte recruitment to the wound site and are controlled, in part, by tumor necrosis factor-α (2003)
    Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Inc
    Wound repair and regeneration 11 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1524-475X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In previous studies, mice given a full-thickness scald injury had an influx of neutrophils into the skin that followed a local increase in a neutrophil chemoattractant. Because macrophages are known to infiltrate the wound area after neutrophils and are essential for normal wound repair, studies were designed to characterize the time course of macrophage accumulation in the wound and to identify the factor(s) responsible for this influx. A macrophage infiltrate into the wound was observed at 4 days post-injury and persisted through at least 10 days. This influx was preceded by an initial fourfold increase in dermal monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 levels at 24 hours post-injury (p 〈 0.05). This elevation in monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 was enhanced at 4 and 10 days postburn resulting in a sixfold increase over baseline (p 〈 0.01). Levels of tumor necrosis factor-α, a proinflammatory cytokine known to induce chemokine production, were elevated at 90 minutes after injury in burn- versus sham-injured groups (p 〈 0.05). Furthermore, administration of tumor necrosis factor-α neutralizing antibody in vivo reduced the dermal levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 seen at 10 days postburn by 57% (p 〈 0.01); however, macrophage accumulation was not altered. Thus, elevated systemic TNF-α levels may influence the local chemokine milieu following burn injury. (WOUND REP REG 2003;11:110–119)
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1524-475X.2003.11206.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Additive-Enhanced Redispersion of Ceramic Agglomerates (2003)
    Westerville, Ohio : American Ceramics Society
    Journal of the American Ceramic Society 86 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1551-2916
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Deagglomeration of ceramic powders is usually accomplished by immersion of powders in a surfactant-containing liquid vehicle, followed by milling. We seek alternative mechanisms to the classical milling approach by generating a chemical pressure to break up the agglomerate. This study explores the enhanced redispersion of TiO2 ceramic compacts that contain a nonionic water-soluble polymer, poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). PEG forms a polymer solution within the agglomerated structure during redispersion. The resulting osmotic pressure gradient forces water into the porous structure and creates a tensile stress on the particle network with magnitudes as high as 0.6 MPa. Thus, the principle to achieving redispersion is to develop osmotic pressures that exceed the cohesive strength of the agglomerated structure. A critical PEG concentration of 2.0 vol% PEG 400 with respect to titania has been determined, below which redispersion is minimal.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1151-2916.2003.tb03501.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In through the out door: nuclear localization of the regulators of G protein signaling (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 87 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The regulators of G protein signaling (RGS) are an extraordinary class of diverse multifunctional signaling proteins best known for their potent capacity to down-regulate the activity of Gα subunits at the plasma membrane. In certain circumstances, some RGS proteins undergo translocation to the nucleus or plasma membrane from the cytoplasm. Translocation demonstrates a potentially dynamic alternative mechanism for Gα subunit or effector regulation. The nuclear localization of the regulators of G protein signaling proteins further suggests these proteins possess even greater functional heterogeneity than that envisioned previously, as regulators of transcription and cell cycle control.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.02047.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A double-blind randomized vehicle-controlled clinical trial investigating the effect of ZnPTO dose on the scalp vs. antidandruff efficacy and antimycotic activity (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    International journal of cosmetic science 25 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1468-2494
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Dandruff is a common problem in approximately 30% of the world's population. Reports in the literature regarding treatment of this condition with various antidandruff shampoos usually report the level of active ingredient within the formulation. However, we propose that a more important parameter relating to antidandruff efficacy is the amount of active ingredient delivered to the scalp from the shampoo. This report describes the results from two studies designed to investigate the relationship between the level of zinc pyrithione (ZnPTO) deposited onto the scalp and the resultant scalp condition. A double-blind randomized vehicle-controlled clinical study comparing three shampoos – a vehicle, a low-depositing ZnPTO shampoo and a high-depositing ZnPTO shampoo – was carried out in the U.K. with 53 panelists with dandruff or mild-to-moderate seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp. Both shampoos containing ZnPTO were significantly superior in antidandruff efficacy to the vehicle. Furthermore, the high-depositing ZnPTO shampoo was significantly superior compared with the low-depositing ZnPTO shampoo in terms of both antidandruff efficacy and antimycotic activity. Antidandruff performance and antimycotic activity of ZnPTO-containing shampoos is highly dependent on the amount of active ingredient delivered to the scalp. Furthermore, careful manipulation of the formulation parameters of an antidandruff shampoo can result in enhanced levels of delivery of the active ingredient without having to increase the level of active ingredient within the formulation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1467-2494.2003.00183.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Solution-Focused Family Therapy With Three Aggressive and Oppositional-Acting Children: An N = 1 Empirical Study (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Family process 42 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1545-5300
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Psychology
    Notes: The efficacy of Solution-Focused Family Therapy (SFFT)for helping three families with aggressive and oppositional-acting children (aged 8–9). was examined. The N = 1 multiple-baseline design with three replications used validated measures, a treatment integrity measure. The interventions lasted from four to five sessions. SFFT appeared to be effective with the families at post-treatment and 3-month follow up.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1545-5300.2003.00361.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Economic Viability of Frequency Reward Programs in a Strategic Competitive Environment (2003)
    Berkeley, Calif. : Berkeley Electronic Press (now: De Gruyter)
    Review of marketing science 1.2003, 1, art1 
    Details
    ISSN: 1546-5616
    Source: Berkeley Electronic Press Academic Journals
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: We examine the conditions that enhance the economic viability of frequency reward programs in a strategic competitive environment. We focus particularly on conditions related to consumer behavior, namely the extent to which consumers value the future benefits offered by the reward, the expandability of the category, and consumers' preferences for competing brands. Consumers maximize utility over a long-term time horizon, taking into account the value of the reward. Two firms maximize profits over a long-term time horizon. They first decide between implementing a frequency reward program or a traditional pricing policy (a constant price), and then decide on the specific prices. We numerically solve for the sub-game perfect equilibrium for this two-stage game. We find that a brand is more likely to find reward programs to be viable strategies if consumers value future benefits, if reward programs can expand the market, and if the brand has a higher preference. The market expandability finding is particularly interesting. If the sales increases generated by reward programs represent category growth, the power of frequency reward programs makes them an effective vehicle for generating profits. However, if gains come mainly from competitors, the power of frequency reward programs precipitates a strong competitive response that erodes profits in a classic prisoner's dilemma. We use the airline industry to explore our market expandability finding. We find evidence that the "major" airlines introduced reward programs to counter-act a stronger outside category (new entrants), and in doing so, they expanded their market.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.bepress.com/romsjournal/vol1/iss1/art1
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A supaeromaculata mutation affects heterochrony in pea (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Physiologia plantarum 117 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Mutations in Aero1 promote the silver flecking (aeromaculata) commonly seen on wild-type pea (Pisum sativum L.) leaves, resulting in a phenotype known as supaeromaculata. We show here the MIII/122 line carries a supaeromaculata mutation allelic to the type aero allele (aero1-1). MIII/122 (aero1-10) and aero1-1 were also found to attain an adult leaf form, flower and undergo apical arrest earlier than their wild-type progenitor, cv. Virtus and cv. Torsdag, respectively. Principal component analyses indicated that in both cases these characteristics co-segregated with the supaeromaculata phenotype. These results suggest that Aero1 is associated with the timing of plant development. Plants carrying an aero1 mutation become fully adult and reproductively competent sooner than their wild-type counterparts, suggesting Aero1 is required to delay these aspects of plant development. Thus, Aero1 represents a previously unrecognized heterochronic gene in the garden pea.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1399-3054.2003.1170113.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ALIPHATIC EPOXIDE CARBOXYLATION (2003)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Biochemistry 72 (2003), S. 55-76 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4154
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Biology
    Notes: Abstract Aliphatic epoxides (epoxyalkanes) are highly reactive electrophilic molecules that are formed from the monooxygenase-catalyzed epoxidation of aliphatic alkenes. The bacterial metabolism of short-chain epoxyalkanes occurs by a three-step pathway resulting in net carboxylation to beta-ketoacids. This pathway uses the atypical cofactor coenzyme M (CoM; 2-mercaptoethanesulfonic acid) as the nucleophile for the epoxide ring opening and as the carrier of 2-hydroxyalkyl- and 2-ketoalkyl-CoM intermediates. Four enzymes are involved in epoxide carboxylation: a zinc-dependent alkyltransferase, two short-chain dehydrogenases with specificities for the chiral products of the R- and S-1,2-epoxyalkane ring opening, and an NADPH:disulfide oxidoreductase/carboxylase that reduces the thioether bond of the 2-ketoalkyl-CoM conjugate and carboxylates the resulting carbanion. In this review, we summarize the biochemical, mechanistic, and structural features of the enzymes of epoxide carboxylation and show how these enzymes, together with CoM, work in concert to achieve this highly unusual carboxylation reaction.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.biochem.72.121801.161820
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The serotonin transporter intronic VNTR enhancer correlated with a predisposition to affective disorders has distinct regulatory elements within the domain based on the primary DNA sequence of the repeat unit (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    European journal of neuroscience 17 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1460-9568
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We have demonstrated that a variable number tandem repeat domain (VNTR) within intron 2 of the serotonin transporter gene is a transcriptional regulatory domain which is potentially correlated with a predisposition to affective disorders and other behavioural conditions. This correlation based on copy number of the VNTR alone (nine, 10 or 12 copies of 16/17 base-pair element) has been controversial and not reproduced in all studies. We demonstrate that individual repeat elements within the VNTR domain differ in their enhancer activity in an embryonic stem cell model. This has implications for both the mechanism by which these VNTRs are correlated with the progression of the disease and suggests that clinical analysis should now be extended to correlate sequence variation within the VNTR with the disorder. The latter may resolve some of the conflicting data published to date.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1460-9568.2003.02446.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Seasonal changes in plasma gonadal steroid concentrations and gonadal morphology of male and female tench (Tinca tinca, L.) (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Aquaculture research 34 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2109
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: In order to gain a better understanding of the reproductive cycles of male and female tench (Tinca tinca), gonadosomatic index, gonad histology and plasma concentrations of estradiol-17β (E2), testosterone, an drostenedione, 11-ketotestosterone (11-KT), 17,20β, 21-trihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17,20β,21-P), 17,20β-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17,20β-P) and 17,20α-dihydroxy-4-pregnen-3-one (17,20α-P) were measured at the four seasons of the year, plus a further sampling coincident with the peak of spawning in early July. As expected, in both males and females, the plasma concentrations of androgens (excluding 11-KT in females – undetectable) and C21 steroids were significantly more elevated in the spring and summer (when most gonadal development took place) than in the autumn and winter. The only unexpected finding was that 17,20β-P and 17,20β,21-P, the steroids that are normally associated with oocyte final maturation in females and spermiation in males, were found in substantial amounts in both pre-vitellogenic, pre-spermatogenic and post-spawning fish. This suggests that these steroids may have other as yet unidentified roles in this species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2109.2003.00926.x
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