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  • 1
    ISSN: 1439-0973
    Keywords: Key Words Immunodeficiency ; Opportunistic infection ; CD4 ; T-helper cells ; Pneumocystis carinii
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Background: Patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy with corticosteroids and cytotoxic agents may develop opportunistic infections such as Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia (PCP). This indicates a severe T-cell defect, but so far there are no established criteria for identifying patients at risk. Patients and Methods: CD4+ and CD8+ T-lymphocyte counts were determined by flow cytometry in seven HIV-negative patients who developed PCP as a complication of immunosuppressive treatment. Results: CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts (T-helper phenotype) were less than 200/μl in all seven patients (mean 90.6/μl). The markedly reduced CD4 counts measured in these patients are similar to those observed in organ transplant recipients who developed PCP during immunosuppressive therapy for prevention of graft rejection and in HIV-positive patients with PCP as an AIDS-defining illness. Conclusion: Measuring CD4+ T-lymphocyte counts may be helpful in determining the risk of PCP not only in HIV-positive patients, but also in patients receiving immunosuppressive therapy. The risk of acqiring PCP seems to increase when CD4+ lymphocyte counts drop below 200/μl, regardless of the underlying disease.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Unknown
    Cambridge, UK ; New York, NY : Cambridge University Press
    Cambridge studies in cognitive and perceptual development  
    Keywords: Child Development. ; Child Psychology. ; Child development. ; Child psychology. ; Developmental psychology. ; Ethnopsychology. ; Psychology, Social.
    Notes: Culture, biology and development across history / Gustav Jahoda -- Comparative developmental perspectives on culture: the great apes / Anne E. Russon -- The mutual definition of culture and biology in development / Patricia M. Greenfield -- Perspectives on Development Informed by Culture -- Indian parents' ethnotheories as reflections of the Hindu scheme of child and human development / T.S. Saraswathi and Hema Ganapathy -- Indigenous conceptions of childhood development and social realities in Southern Africa / Roderick Fulata Zimba -- The myth of lurking chaos / Ernst E. Boesch -- Integrating cultural psychological and biological perspectives in understanding child development / Joan G. Miller -- Perspectives on development drawing from the universal and the specific -- Between individuals and culture: Individuals' evaluations of exclusion from social groups / Melanie Killen, Heidi McGlothlin and Jennie Lee-Kim -- Biology, culture and child rearing: the development of social motives / Hans-Joachim Kornadt -- Perspectives on Development Informed by Evolutionary Thinking -- Development as the interface between biology and culture: a conceptualisation of early ontogenetic experiences / Heidi Keller -- Integrating evolution, culture and developmental psychology: explaining caregiver-infant proximity and responsiveness in Central Africa and the United States of America / Barry S. Hewlett and Michael E. Lamb -- Shame across cultures: the evolution, ontogeny, and function of a 'moral emotion' / Michael J. Casimir and Michael Schnegg -- Metaperspectives -- Culture and development / Michael Cole -- Behaviour-culture relationships and ontogenetic development / Ype H. Poortinga and Karel Soudijn -- Paradigms revisited: from incommensurability to respected complementarity / Lutz H. Eckensberger -- Conceptions of ontogenetic development: integrating and demarcating perspectives / Heidi Keller, Ype H. Poortinga and Axel Schölmerich
    Pages: xxi, 419 p.
    ISBN: 0-511-07399-2
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