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  • 2005-2009
  • 2000-2004  (2)
  • Key words Ilmenite  (1)
  • Key words:Biochemical markers – Bone resorption – Longitudinal study – Menopause – Ultrasound  (1)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1433-2965
    Keywords: Key words:Biochemical markers – Bone resorption – Longitudinal study – Menopause – Ultrasound
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract: The aim of this longitudinal study was to investigate the changes in the levels of biochemical markers and ultrasound indices of os calcis across the menopausal transition. One hundred and ten healthy women (age 35–59 years at the 1992 baseline) participated in this 4-year population-based longitudinal study. Serum intact osteocalcin (IOC), urinary pyridinoline (Pyr), urinary deoxypyridinoline (Dpyr) and ultrasound indices were measured at baseline and after 4 years. The percentage changes in biochemical markers (%DIOC, %DPyr and %DDpyr) and the percentage decreases in the ultrasound indices (%DSOS, %DBUA and %DStiffness) were calculated. The values of %DIOC and %DDpyr in the perimenopausal subgroup (−4 to−3 years since menopause) and the values of %DSOS and %DStiffness in the perimenopausal subgroup (−2 to 0 years since menopause) were significantly higher than those in other groups. Pyr was significantly correlated with %DSOS (r=−0.467, p〈0.01) and %DStiffness (r = −0.330, p〈0.05) and Dpyr was significantly correlated with %DSOS (r=−0.390, p〈0.05), %DBUA (r=−0.353, p〈0.05) and %DStiffness (r = −0.454, p〈0.05), while %DIOC was significantly correlated with %DSOS (r=−0.278, p〈0.05), %DBUA (r=−0.369, p〈0.01) and %DStiffness (r = −0.383, p〈0.01) in the peri- and postmenopausal groups. These results indicate that the increase in bone turnover occurs 4 years before menopause. However, the correlations between biochemical markers and ultrasound indices were too low to allow prediction of bone change in the individual patient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1432-2021
    Keywords: Key words Ilmenite ; Perovskite ; In situ X-ray diffraction ; Phase boundary ; High pressure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract Determination of the phase boundary between ilmenite and perovskite structures in MgSiO3 has been made at pressures between 18 and 24 GPa and temperatures up to 2000 °C by in situ X-ray diffraction measurements using synchrotron radiation and quench experiments. It was difficult to precisely define the phase boundary by the present in situ X-ray observations, because the grain growth of ilmenite hindered the estimation of relative abundances of these phases. Moreover, the slow reaction kinetics between these two phases made it difficult to determine the phase boundary by changing pressure and temperature conditions during in situ X-ray diffraction measurements. Nevertheless, the phase boundary was well constrained by quench method with a pressure calibration based on the spinel-postspinel boundary of Mg2SiO4 determined by in situ X-ray experiments. This yielded the ilmenite-perovskite phase boundary of P (GPa) = 25.0 (±0.2) – 0.003 T (°C) for a temperature range of 1200–1800 °C, which is generally consistent with the results of the present in situ X-ray diffraction measurements within the uncertainty of ∼±0.5 GPa. The phase boundary thus determined between ilmenite and perovskite phases in MgSiO3 is slightly (∼0.5 GPa) lower than that of the spinel-postspinel transformation in Mg2SiO4.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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