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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Calibration techniques and datatype extraction for time-resolved optical tomography (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 71 (2000), S. 3415-3427 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: This article describes the preprocessing and calibration methods currently applied to data acquired with the University College London multichannel time-resolved optical tomography system. We briefly outline the imaging system and describe the features of our experimentally collected data, sources of stochastic noise, and systematic errors. We examine two methods of calibrating data: "difference imaging" using two image data sets with and without the features of interest to produce an image, and "absolute imaging" using an independent calibration measurement. We describe the methods developed to apply each calibration to raw data. Although the difference imaging performed is found to produce images with fewer artifacts, analysis indicates that it will not be directly applicable for clinical applications. Also examined are the effects of using a two dimensional (2D) reconstruction scheme to produce images from measured data. For absolute imaging, artifacts are shown to dominate such images even in the case of a homogeneous third dimension. The feasibility of deriving an ad-hoc correction factor to allow the use of a 2D reconstruction for measured data is examined, and is shown to reduce artifact. Difference imaging is demonstrated to be more robust to such effects. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1287748
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Randomized, Controlled Trial of Saphenous Vein Graft Intervention with a Filter-Based Distal Embolic Protection Device: TRAP Trial (2005)
    350 Main Street , Malden , MA 02148-5020 , USA , and P.O. Box 1354, Garsington Road , Oxford OX4 2DQ , UK . : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of interventional cardiology 18 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-8183
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The purpose of this prospective, multicenter trial was to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of the TRAP Vascular Filtration System (VFS) to reduce embolic complications during stenting of diseased saphenous vein grafts (SVGs). Patients with SVG lesions were randomly assigned to undergo stenting with or without the TRAP device. The trial was designed to enroll 752 randomized patients. However, the sponsor terminated the study after a total of 467 patients (358 randomized) were enrolled because of poor recruitment once another distal protection device was approved for clinical use. The primary study endpoint, major adverse cardiac events at 30 days, occurred in 17.3% of control patients and 12.7% of patients treated with the TRAP device (P = 0.24). There was a trend toward a lower incidence of myocardial infarction in the TRAP group compared with the control group (16.2% vs 10.5%, P = 0.12). This difference was predominantly due to a lower incidence of moderate-large infarction (CKMB 〉5×) in the TRAP group. Use of the TRAP VFS during SVG intervention was safe and was associated with a trend toward a lower incidence of adverse events, however, due to low enrollment the study lacked sufficient power to detect a significant benefit with the device.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8183.2005.00039.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Usefulness of Embolic Protection Devices During Saphenous Vein Graft Intervention in a Nonselected Population (2005)
    350 Main Street , Malden , MA 02148-5020 , USA , and P.O. Box 1354, Garsington Road , Oxford OX4 2DQ , UK . : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of interventional cardiology 18 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-8183
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Distal embolic protection devices have been shown to reduce the risk of peri-procedural complications associated with saphenous vein graft intervention. However, there are several important anatomic limitations that may preclude routine device use. We analyzed the angiograms of 624 consecutive saphenous vein graft interventions to determine eligibility for use of a proximal or distal embolic protection system. Overall, 483 (77%) of cases had anatomic and lesion characteristics suitable for an embolic protection device, including 59% eligible for proximal protection and 57% for distal protection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8183.2005.04063.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Eligibility for Use of Proximal or Distal Embolic Protection Devices During Percutaneous Intervention for Acute Myocardial Infarction (2005)
    350 Main Street , Malden , MA 02148-5020 , USA , and P.O. Box 1354, Garsington Road , Oxford OX4 2DQ , UK . : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of interventional cardiology 18 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-8183
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Although there has been enthusiasm for using embolic protection devices in acute myocardial infarction, it is unclear how often these devices can be used in nonselected patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate potential eligibility for use of either proximal or distal embolic protection during primary or rescue percutaneous coronary intervention in a consecutive, nonselected population. We analyzed the angiograms of 259 consecutive patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction to determine eligibility for use of either type of protection device. Overall, 202 (78%) patients had anatomy suitable for embolic protection, including 154 (59%) who were eligible for proximal protection, 128 (49%) who were eligible for distal protection, and 80 (31%) who were eligible for both devices. Patients eligible for proximal protection were more likely to have a right coronary culprit, whereas patients eligible for distal protection were more likely to have a lesion in the left anterior descending coronary artery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8183.2005.00040.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alcohol Septal Ablation for Hypertrophic Obstructive Cardiomyopathy (2005)
    350 Main Street , Malden , MA 02148-5020 , USA , and P.O. Box 1354, Garsington Road , Oxford OX4 2DQ , UK . : Blackwell Science Inc
    Journal of interventional cardiology 18 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-8183
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: HOCM is a rare disorder of myocardium that may result in asymmetrical left ventricular septal hypertrophy and dynamic outflow obstruction. This may result in hemodynamic sequel that leads to deterioration of functional class in the majority of patients. Alcohol septal ablation may provide symptomatic relief in the majority of patients who fail medical therapy or who experience significantly high outflow gradients.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8183.2005.04107.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Occlusion of a Saphenous Vein Graft Aneurysm with a Vein-Covered Stent (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of interventional cardiology 15 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1540-8183
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A 67-year-old man was admitted with unstable angina, 15 years after saphenous vein graft bypass surgery. Cardiac catheterization demonstrated a large saccular aneurysm arising from the proximal segment of the vein graft to the obtuse marginal artery. Intravascular ultrasound revealed the opening of the aneurysm that measured 15 mm in length. The aneurysm was successfully occluded by deployment of a vein-covered stent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-8183.2002.tb01057.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    PCR monitoring for tetracycline resistance genes in subgingival plaque following site-specific periodontal therapy (2000)
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Journal of clinical periodontology 27 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-051X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: The selection of antibiotic resistance genes during antibiotic therapy is a critical problem complicated by the transmission of resistance genes to previously sensitive strains via conjugative plasmids and transposons and by the transfer of resistance genes between gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The purpose of this investigation was to monitor the presence of selected tetracycline resistance genes in subgingival plaque during site specific tetracycline fiber therapy in 10 patients with adult periodontitis.Method: The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used in separate tests for the presence of 3 tetracycline resistance genes (tetM, tetO and tetQ) in DNA purified from subgingival plaque samples. Samples were collected at baseline, i.e., immediately prior to treatment, and at 2 weeks, and 1, 3, and 6 months post-fiber placement. The baseline and 6-month samples were also subjected to DNA hybridization tests for the presence of 8 putative periodontal pathogenic bacteria.Results: PCR analysis for the tetM resistance gene showed little or no change in 5 patients and a decrease in detectability in the remaining 5 patients over the 6 months following tetracycline fiber placement. The results for tetO and tetQ were variable showing either no change in detectability from baseline through the 6-month sampling interval or a slight increase in detectability over time in 4 of the 10 patients. DNA hybridization analysis showed reductions to unmeasurable levels of the putative periodontal pathogenic bacteria in all but 2 of the 10 patients.Conclusions: These results complement earlier studies of tet resistance and demonstrate the efficacy of PCR monitoring for the appearance of specific resistance genes during and after antibiotic therapy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1034/j.1600-051x.2000.027006437.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Scales and Sales: Changing Social and Spatial Fish Trading Networks in the Siiphandone Fishery, Lao PDR (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Singapore journal of tropical geography 25 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1467-9493
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geography
    Notes: The Siiphandone wetland in Khong district, Champasak province, Lao PDR, is one of the most important fisheries in the Mekong River basin. The resource, situated along the Laos-Cambodia border, supports the livelihoods of around 65,000 inhabitants, mainly semi-subsistence rice farmers or fishers. In January 2000, the provincial authority was given a special dispensation by the Lao government to allow the importation of Cambodian fish through Khong district, for export to Thailand. Previously, in large part due to the government's policy of food self-sufficiency, the export of Lao fish was illegal. This paper examines how the implementation of this law has influenced existing legal and illegal trade networks from the Siiphandone fishery by comparing the findings of two studies, one conducted before and the other after the change in the law. In doing so, the transition of the fishery from a local, food-important resource to an increasingly regional, market-oriented resource is examined. Conclusions are drawn as to the impact this change has had on the livelihoods of fishers and traders involved in the fishery.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.0129-7619.2004.00171.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    HOST PLANT QUALITY AND FECUNDITY IN HERBIVOROUS INSECTS (2002)
    Palo Alto, Calif. : Annual Reviews
    Annual Review of Entomology 47 (2002), S. 817-844 
    Details
    ISSN: 0066-4170
    Source: Annual Reviews Electronic Back Volume Collection 1932-2001ff
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Host plant quality is a key determinant of the fecundity of herbivorous insects. Components of host plant quality (such as carbon, nitrogen, and defensive metabolites) directly affect potential and achieved herbivore fecundity. The responses of insect herbivores to changes in host plant quality vary within and between feeding guilds. Host plant quality also affects insect reproductive strategies: Egg size and quality, the allocation of resources to eggs, and the choice of oviposition sites may all be influenced by plant quality, as may egg or embryo resorption on poor-quality hosts. Many insect herbivores change the quality of their host plants, affecting both inter- and intraspecific interactions. Higher-trophic level interactions, such as the performance of predators and parasitoids, may also be affected by host plant quality. We conclude that host plant quality affects the fecundity of herbivorous insects at both the individual and the population scale.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev.ento.47.091201.145300
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of leukotriene-modifier drugs on aspirin-induced asthma and rhinitis reactions (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Clinical & experimental allergy 32 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2222
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background Leukotrienes (LTs) appear to be crucial mediators of aspirin (ASA)-induced lower respiratory tract reactions. Therefore, it is logical to assume that leukotriene-modifier drugs (LTMDs) might block these reactions.Objective The aim of this study was to determine whether concomitant treatment with LTMDs was associated with a reduction of ASA-provoked lower respiratory tract reactions in patients with aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD), when compared to AERD patients who were not treated with LTMDs. Secondly, if ASA-induced lower respiratory tract reactions were prevented in LTMD-treated patients, was there then a higher prevalence of upper respiratory reactors or, alternatively, a higher prevalence of blocked reactions (‘non-reactors’) in this group.Methods Of 271 patients suspected by history of having AERD, 96 were taking cys-LT receptor antagonists (cys-LTRAs) and 12 were taking zileuton at the time of oral ASA challenges. A matched control group of 163 patients was not receiving LTMDs. All subjects underwent standard oral ASA challenges. Reactions were classified as follows: classic [naso-ocular combined with a 20% or 〉 decline in forced expiratory volume of 1 s (FEV1)]; pure lower (20% or 〉 decline in FEV1 without naso-ocular); partial asthma (naso-ocular + 15–20% decline in FEV1); upper only (naso-ocular with 〈 15% decline in FEV1); negative (no reactions).Results In patients treated with cys-LTRAs, there were significant reductions in numbers of patients with ASA-induced bronchospastic reactions and a concomitant increase in upper respiratory reactors. There were no significant differences in mean provoking doses of ASA or the percent changes in FEV1 values in both groups. In the 12 patients receiving zileuton, no reactions to ASA (16%) were similar to the cys-LTRA-treated group (11%) and the control group (15%).Conclusion During oral ASA challenges, LTMD treatment appeared to shift target organ responses from both upper and lower respiratory tracts to upper tract alone. LTMD blocking of the entire respiratory tract did not appear to occur.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2745.2002.01501.x
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