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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The interaction of a high irradiance, subpicosecond laser pulse with aluminum: The effects of the prepulse on x-ray production (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 69 (1991), S. 3369-3371 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The conversion efficiency into kilovolt line radiation for 248-nm light at 1017 W/cm2 on an aluminum target is measured. The x-ray yield is found to increase with the scale length of the target plasma. The interaction is modeled as resonance absorption, and the plasma scale length is determined from the prelase energy and irradiance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.348536
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular fields in Gd2Fe14B determined from inelastic neutron scattering : 35th annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 69 (1991), S. 5593-5595 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: By means of inelastic magnetic neutron scattering, we have determined the molecular field acting on the Gd3+ ions in Gd2Fe14B. This field is due to the Gd-Fe exchange interaction and amounts to 2μBHm/kB = 435 K for the average value of f and g sites. From the width of the magnetic response, a maximal ratio of 1.3 for the molecular fields on f and g sites is deduced.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.347959
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-energy spin waves in bcc iron : 35th Annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1991)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 69 (1991), S. 6219-6221 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The dispersion relation of the spin-wave excitations in bcc iron has been studied by neutron inelastic scattering at the spallation neutron source ISIS. Magnetic intensity was followed up to 550 meV along the [100] direction. The general form of the dispersion curve is in qualitative agreement with that calculated from a spin-polarized band model, and in particular the prediction of propagating modes extending above 300 meV has been confirmed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.348814
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ultrafast absorption spectroscopy of photodissociated CF2Br2: Details of the reaction mechanism and evidence for anomalously slow intramolecular vibrational redistribution within the CF2Br intermediate (1991)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 94 (1991), S. 5949-5953 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Ultrafast time-resolved absorption spectroscopy in the hard ultraviolet has been used to investigate the photodissociation of gas-phase CF2Br2 photolyzed at 248 nm. The broadband spectra obtained in the 250–265 nm region have shown that absorption of a single photon activates a two-step sequential elimination of the molecule's two bromine atoms, leaving the product CF2 radical in the ground or first-excited vibrational state of its ν2 bending mode. The spectra also demonstrate the direct detection of the vibrationally hot CF2Br intermediate species itself. We interpret the ∼6 ps time scale over which the diffuse CF2Br spectrum evolves as evidence for slow intramolecular vibrational redistribution within this molecule.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.460429
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    X-ray streak camera diagnostics of picosecond laser–plasma interactions : Proceedings of the 9th topical conference on high temperature plasma diagnostics (1992)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 63 (1992), S. 5116-5118 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: An x-ray streak camera is used to diagnose a laser-produced Al plasma with time resolution of ∼10 ps. A streak record of filtered emission and a time-integrated transmission grating spectrum reveal that the plasma radiation is dominated by emission from He- and H-like resonance lines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1143457
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alterations in erythrocyte chloride content accompanying the changes in erythrocyte hydration and potassium content in normal human pregnancy: a comparison with pregnancy induced hypertension (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 100 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objectives To determine whether the change in erythrocyte potassium content in normal human pregnancy is accompanied by a similar change in erythrocyte chloride content. To assess erythrocyte hydration and potassium and chloride content in pregnancies complicated by proteinuric pregnancy induced hypertension.Design A serial study during and after normal pregnancy. A comparative study during and after pregnancies complicated by proteinuric pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH). Erythrocyte hydration, total osmoles, potassium and chloride and plasma osmolality were determined.Setting University teaching hospital, UK.Subjects Twenty-eight women studied at 14, 28 and 36 weeks of normal pregnancy and ten women with PIH studied during the third trimester of pregnancy. All women were reinvestigated 20 weeks after delivery.Results The fall of erythrocyte potassium early in normal pregnancy (277.4 vs 265.2 mmol/kg; P〈0.02) and its rise between 28 and 36 weeks (272.3 vs 288.0 mmol/kg; P〈0.005) were accompanied by similar changes in erythrocyte chloride content (151.9 vs 131.1 mmol/kg; P〈0.001 and 129.4 vs 141.3 mmol/kg; P〈0.001, respectively). Plasma osmolality in PIH was raised above that normal in pregnancy (287.2 vs 283.0 mosm/kg; P〈0.005). In PIH, compared to normal pregnancy, erythrocyte hydration (2.00 vs 1.89 l/kg dry weight cells), total osmoles (573.0 vs 534.2 mosm/kg), potassium (303.0 vs 288.0 mmol/kg) and chloride (154.9 vs 141.3 mmol/kg) were greater.Conclusions These findings further support the hypothesis that changes in plasma osmolality in pregnancy are secondary to alterations in cell osmoles and serve to limit changes in cell hydration. Erythrocyte composition and plasma osmolality are altered in PIH.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1993.tb14238.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of pH on release of PGE2 from vaginal and endocervical preparations for induction of labour (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 100 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1993.tb15286.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Prostaglandin induced cervical ripening under tocolytic cover in primiparae: results of a double blind placebo controlled trial (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 97 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. In a double blind trial, 60 nulliparae with a modified Bishop score of 〈inlineGraphic alt="leqslant R: less-than-or-eq, slant" extraInfo="nonStandardEntity" href="urn:x-wiley:14700328:BJO827:les" location="les.gif"/〉5 requiring induction of labour, received either 8 mg of salbutamol or an identical placebo orally, 30 min before vaginal administration of 2 mg prostaglandin E2 gel. Women in the salbutamol group experienced less uterine activity over the subsequent 12 h compared with those given placebo, and fewer (35%) commenced labour compared with the placebo group (62%). However, the change in cervical score was significantly less in the salbutamol group (mean 3.0, SD 3.1) than that in the placebo group (mean 5.8, SD 3.2), and the prostaglandin treatment to delivery time in the salbutamol group (mean 26.1 h, SD 6.49) was significantly longer than that in the placebo group (mean 19.3 h, SD 7.95). The first stage of labour lasted 〉10h in 11 women in the salbutamol group compared with five in the placebo group. Side effects attributable to salbutamol occurred in 10% 〉 of the treated women but in none of their fetuses and fetal outcome was satisfactory and similar in both groups. Our findings show that salbutamol can suppress prostaglandin-induced uterine activity during cervical ripening, which could be an advantage in induction of labour where a planned delivery is preferred. However, the poorer outcome of labour in salbutamol-treated women mitigates against this approach.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1990.tb02578.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Decreases in phosphoinositide-3-kinase/Akt and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 signaling activate components of spinal motoneuron death (2005)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 94 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Motoneuron dependence on target-derived trophic factors during development is well established, with loss of trophic support leading to the death of these cells. A complete understanding of the intracellular signal transduction machinery associated with extracellular survival signals requires the examination of individual pathways in various cellular and environmental contexts. In cells deprived of trophic support, and hence compromised for survival, phosphoinositide-3-kinase (PI3K) is decreased when compared with healthy cells supplied with trophic support. Extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) signaling is dramatically decreased in deprived cells. We have examined the role of these two pathways to understand how changes in their activity regulate motoneuron survival and death. Pharmacological inhibition of PI3K attenuated motoneuron survival and was important in the regulation of Bcl-2 serine phosphorylation, limited release of cytochrome c into the cytoplasm and caspase activation. Bax translocation from cytoplasm to mitochondria was not altered when PI3K was inhibited. High levels of ERK1/2 inhibition robustly attenuated motoneuron survival in cells supplied with trophic support, whereas moderate inhibition of ERK1/2 activation had little effect. ERK1/2 inhibition in these cells decreased Bcl-2 phosphorylation and resulted in release of cytochrome c from the mitochondria. Bax translocation and caspase activation were not affected by ERK1/2 inhibition. These data reveal that changes in PI3K and ERK1/2 signaling lead to individual and overlapping effects on the cell-death machinery. Characterizing the role of these pathways is critical for a fundamental understanding of the development and degeneration of specific neuronal populations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03320.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Outpatient hysteroscopy: traditional versus the ‘no-touch’ technique (2005)
    Oxford, UK and Malden, USA : Blackwell Science Ltd
    BJOG 112 (2005), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective  To assess whether outpatient hysteroscopy using the ‘no-touch’ technique confers any advantages in terms of patient discomfort over the traditional technique.Design  Prospective randomised controlled study.Setting  Outpatient hysteroscopy clinic in a large university undergraduate teaching hospital.Population  All women referred for outpatient hysteroscopy in a 12-month period.Interventions  Women were randomised to undergo either traditional saline hysteroscopy requiring the use of a speculum and tenaculum, or a ‘no-touch’ vaginoscopic hysteroscopy which does not require a speculum or tenaculum. Each group was further subdivided to have hysteroscopy with either a 2.9-mm or 4-mm hysteroscope. Patients were asked to complete pre- and postprocedure questionnaires ranking pain scores.Main outcome measures  The relative success of each of these techniques, requirement for local anaesthetic and pain scores at different times during the hysteroscopy were recorded at the end of the procedure. The time taken to carry out each procedure was also measured.Results  One hundred and twenty women were recruited in this study: 60 were randomised to traditional hysteroscopy and 60 to ‘no-touch’ hysteroscopy. The overall success rate for hysteroscopy was 99%. There was no significant difference in the requirement for local anaesthetic between the two groups, but those who underwent ‘no-touch’ hysteroscopy with a 2.9-mm hysteroscope had the lowest requirement of local anaesthetic (10% compared with 27% in the no-touch hysteroscopy with a 4-mm hysteroscope group). The time taken to perform hysteroscopy and biopsy was significantly shorter with ‘no-touch’ hysteroscopy (5.9 vs 7.8 min; difference 1.9, 95% CI 0.7–3.1). There were no differences in pain scores between the groups at different times during hysteroscopy.Conclusions  ‘No-touch’ or vaginoscopic hysteroscopy is significantly faster to perform than the traditional technique. Although there was no difference in pain scores between the two techniques, local anaesthetic requirements were least in those who underwent ‘no-touch’ hysteroscopy with a narrow bore hysteroscope.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.2005.00425.x
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