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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Erythrocyte ion and water balance and membrane potential in the puerperium of normal pregnancy (1996)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 103 (1996), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective To examine the balance of erythrocyte ions and water during the rapid changes in plasma osmolality in the early puerperium, and during the subsequent period of sustained readjustment.Design A serial study from the third trimester of pregnancy to 20 weeks after delivery.Participants Thirty-five primiparous women who had experienced no antenatal complications.Main Outcome Measures Plasma osmolality, erythrocyte hydration, potassium, chloride and sodium were measured and nondiffusible ion content and erythrocyte membrane potential calculated. Plasma sodium, potassium and chloride were also measured.Results During the first week after delivery plasma osmolality increased (280 (SEM 0.52)–289 (SEM 064) mosmol/kg; P 〈 0.001) but erythrocyte hydration did not decrease (2.060 (SEM 0.018)–2.067 (SEM 0.021) l/kg dry cells) because of an increase in total cell osmole content (577 (SEM 5.31)–597 (SEM 6.15) mosmol/kg dry cells; P= 0.001). This increase included nondiffusible anions, chloride and potassium. These changes in ionic balance did not affect membrane potential. After the first week of the puerperium and up to the 20th week, plasma osmolality was stable but erythrocyte osmole content and hydration both decreased. This was due to a decrease in nondiffusible anions and potassium with a smaller increase in chloride leading to a decrease in membrane potential (–14.31 (SEM 0.34) mV to −12.66 (SEM 0.28) mV; P 〈 0.001).Conclusions A rapid increase in intracellular osmoles can occur in the mature erythrocyte and probably precedes the decrease in plasma osmolality in the puerperium. Changes in erythrocyte homeostasis in the first week of the puerperium can be accounted for by alterations in nondiffusible anions. After the first week of the puerperium it appears that the functional organisation of the membrane is changing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1996.tb09804.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of the oxytocin antagonists, CAP 476 and F327, on calcium mobilisation in single cultured human myometrial cells (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 100 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objective To investigate the mechanism of action of the oxytocin (OT) antagonists, CAP 476 and F327.Design A prospective descriptional study.Subjects Women undergoing caesarean section at term or hysterectomy.Interventions Myometrial cells were cultured from uterine biopsies.Main outcome measures Intracellular calcium ([Ca2+]i), determined in single cells.Results Application of OT caused a transient increase in [Ca2+]i. CAP 476 abolished and F327 reduced the response to OT but neither reduced the [Ca2+]i transient induced by cell depolarisation with 120 mmol K+. CAP 476 did not reduce transients caused by prostaglandin E2. F327 reduced the frequency of repetitive [Ca2+]i transients occurring during continuous application of OT.Conclusions The results demonstrate that the antagonists reduce the effect of OT and that their action is relatively specific. Their mechanism of action as clinical tocolytic agents is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1993.tb15314.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Alterations in erythrocyte chloride content accompanying the changes in erythrocyte hydration and potassium content in normal human pregnancy: a comparison with pregnancy induced hypertension (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 100 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Objectives To determine whether the change in erythrocyte potassium content in normal human pregnancy is accompanied by a similar change in erythrocyte chloride content. To assess erythrocyte hydration and potassium and chloride content in pregnancies complicated by proteinuric pregnancy induced hypertension.Design A serial study during and after normal pregnancy. A comparative study during and after pregnancies complicated by proteinuric pregnancy induced hypertension (PIH). Erythrocyte hydration, total osmoles, potassium and chloride and plasma osmolality were determined.Setting University teaching hospital, UK.Subjects Twenty-eight women studied at 14, 28 and 36 weeks of normal pregnancy and ten women with PIH studied during the third trimester of pregnancy. All women were reinvestigated 20 weeks after delivery.Results The fall of erythrocyte potassium early in normal pregnancy (277.4 vs 265.2 mmol/kg; P〈0.02) and its rise between 28 and 36 weeks (272.3 vs 288.0 mmol/kg; P〈0.005) were accompanied by similar changes in erythrocyte chloride content (151.9 vs 131.1 mmol/kg; P〈0.001 and 129.4 vs 141.3 mmol/kg; P〈0.001, respectively). Plasma osmolality in PIH was raised above that normal in pregnancy (287.2 vs 283.0 mosm/kg; P〈0.005). In PIH, compared to normal pregnancy, erythrocyte hydration (2.00 vs 1.89 l/kg dry weight cells), total osmoles (573.0 vs 534.2 mosm/kg), potassium (303.0 vs 288.0 mmol/kg) and chloride (154.9 vs 141.3 mmol/kg) were greater.Conclusions These findings further support the hypothesis that changes in plasma osmolality in pregnancy are secondary to alterations in cell osmoles and serve to limit changes in cell hydration. Erythrocyte composition and plasma osmolality are altered in PIH.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1993.tb14238.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Cultivation of Sponges (1919)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 103 (1919), S. 184-185 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THERE appeared in NATURE of April 20, 1916, an abstract of an article by me on sponge culture which was published in the West Indian Bulletin towards the end of 1915. In this article an account was given of Moore's work in Florida, and of a more recent commercial undertaking at the Caicos ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/103184b0
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rainfall Correlations in Trinidad (1925)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 115 (1925), S. 192-193 
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    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] AN important feature of modern economic geography is the study of the relationship between climatic conditions and industry. Regarding climate and weather as being respectively the static and dynamic aspects of meteorological conditions, we have in the tropics, as Dr. Martin Leake has recently ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/115192a0
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rainfall Correlations in Trinidad (1925)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 115 (1925), S. 802-802 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] IN connexion with my communication to NATURE (February 7, p. 192) on the above subject, it may be of interest to mention that I have, recently received a letter from my friend, Dr. Preston E. James, Department of Geography, University of Michigan, informing me that at the meeting of the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/115802b0
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Educational Problems of Tropical Agriculture (1923)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 111 (1923), S. 880-881 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] IT is exceedingly important at the present moment that the attention of men of science should be directed to some of the needs and problems connected with tropical agricultural education. As many readers of NATURE are aware, a college of tropical agriculture, the only one of its kind with ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/111880d0
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Definition of Research Department Administration (1938)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 142 (1938), S. 214-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] I HAVE no desire to resuscitate or discuss law court cases in the correspondence columns of NATURE; but in the summing up of a recent case, which many readers of NATURE will have followed, the judge made the following statement: “Nobody suggested that [the plaintiff] was anything but a ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/142214b0
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Profession of Management (1935)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 136 (1935), S. 340-340 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] IN view of the forthcoming meeting of the British Association and the dominant place accorded to management in Section F* (Department of Industrial Co-operation), a brief explanatory statement of the position of management, as I see it, from a vocational and scientific point of view, may be of ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/136340b0
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A Psycho-geometrical Representation of Personnel Organization (1937)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 140 (1937), S. 152-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] LARGE industrial and other concerns represent their personnel organization diagrammatically by means of a chart having the form of a genealogical table. Properly constructed, this chart gives concise information as to individual rank and duties and relations, but no information regarding ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/140152c0
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