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Overexpression of tumour necrosis factor-α-converting enzyme in psoriasis (2005)

Kawaguchi, M. ; Mitsuhashi, Y. ; Kondo, S.

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd

British journal of dermatology 152 (2005), S. 0

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ISSN: 1365-2133

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Medicine

Notes: Background Tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α-converting enzyme (TACE) is a metalloproteinase-disintegrin that releases soluble TNF-α from cells by cleaving within the extracellular domain of membrane-bound pro-TNF-α. It was proposed that TNF-α is involved in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, and it is therefore suggested that TACE has important roles in psoriasis. However, it is unclear whether TACE is expressed in psoriatic tissue.Objectives To clarify whether TACE is expressed in psoriatic lesions and whether expression levels of TACE mRNA are increased in lesional compared with nonlesional psoriatic skin.Methods Skin biopsies were obtained from patients with psoriasis. We examined the expression of TACE in psoriatic tissues using a novel real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction method and immunohistochemical analysis.Results There was a significant rise in the level of TACE mRNA expression in lesional psoriatic skin compared with nonlesional skin in all patients. There was a statistically significant rise in the level of TACE mRNA expression in lesional psoriatic skin compared with nonlesional skin (mean ± SD TACE/glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase ratio 0·031 ± 0·012 vs. 0·009 ± 0·002, P 〈 0·05). In lesional psoriatic skin, immunostaining with anti-TACE antibody was present throughout all layers of the epidermis. TACE immunostaining was found in the cytoplasm of keratinocytes. There was staining associated with blood vessels in the papillary dermis and perivascular inflammatory cells. In particular, mast cells showed strong staining. They contained numerous granules that were stained for TACE in the cytoplasm.Conclusions The findings of the present study suggest that elevation of TACE mRNA in psoriatic lesions is due to many cells, particularly mast cells, that function in lesional psoriatic skin as an important source of TNF-α and other cytokines.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06440.x

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Permeability of water and water vapor through cellulosic membranes (1975)

Kawaguchi, M. ; Taniguchi, T. ; Tochigi, K. ; [et al.]

New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell

Journal of Applied Polymer Science 19 (1975), S. 2515-2527

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ISSN: 0021-8995

Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics

Notes: To elucidate the water transport mechanism through homogeneous membranes, water and water vapor permeation through crosslinked cellulose membranes, cellulose diacetate, and cellulose triacetate membranes are studied. It is found that the water flux increases with the degree of hydration; and as for cellulose membranes, the degree of hydration is an increasing function of the degree of crosslinking. Activation energy of hydraulic permeability (Kw) is not equal to that of purely viscous flow, and is smaller than that of the water vapor diffusion coefficient (D̄) for all membranes. The free-volume concept relating the molar frictional coefficient to temperature and to degree of hydration explains reasonably the temperature dependence of hydraulic permeability and of water vapor diffusion coefficient and gives adequate values for the fractional free volume of the system. The critical volume V*, appearing in the Cohen-Turnbull expression between friction coefficient and free volume fraction, may be considered as the size of the cluster of water molecules. The value of V* in the case of hydraulic permeability is larger than that for water vapor diffusion by several times. Furthermore, the value V* increases with increase of degree of hydration for water permeation and water vapor diffusion.

Additional Material: 15 Ill.