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  • 2005-2009  (2)
  • 1965-1969  (32)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of organic chemistry 34 (1969), S. 917-919 
    ISSN: 1520-6904
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Berlin, Germany : Blackwell Verlag GmbH
    Anatomia, histologia, embryologia 34 (2005), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1439-0264
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Introduction:  Endothelial dysfunction and impaired angiogenesis are connected to ageing. However, the mechanisms involved in age-related alterations are not fully elucidated, whereby reduced VEGF-expression and decreased mobilization of circulating endothelial progenitor cells are suggested as possible causes. When cultured in vitro, endothelial cells often enter a growth arrest phase called ‘cellular senescence’ that is consistent with many changes in age-related vascular disease. Based on the decreasing lifespan observed in high yielding dairy cows, a hypothesis has been formulated that these cows, due to their enormous metabolic performance, show an accelerated process of ageing, resulting in typical production-related diseases, particularly lameness. As a basis for further research into the role of endothelial cell biology in high producing cattle, the aim of this study was to set up a model of endothelial ageing. As a first step, the role of angiogenesis in the functional adaptation of the microvasculature of the bovine pododerma was examined.Material and methods:  Scanning electron microscopy of vascular corrosion casts of healthy juvenile and adult claws as well as pathologically altered claws, and routine light microscopy of pododermal serial sections was compared to an in vitro model of angiogenesis based on cultured bovine microvascular endothelial cells. For detection of angiogenic molecular control mechanisms effective in both, the pododermal system and our cell culture model, lectin- and immunohistochemistry as well as RT-PCR were carried out.Results and discussion:  In the adolescent and adult claw, sprouting and intussusceptive angioadaptation was demonstrated. Evidence of angiogenic processes was also detected in the pathologically altered claws. Immunolocalization of angiogenic factors within the dermo-epidermal system of the claw was established. The detected angioadaptation may be visible expression of the increased metabolic demands of the claw caused by the growing body-weight-load. Increase of the pododermal vascular density via angiogenesis was also the connectional reparative principle in pathologically altered claws.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Zoomorphology 56 (1966), S. 93-142 
    ISSN: 1432-234X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary 1. The downstream movement of running-freshwater organisms —organic drift — was continuously measured over a period of 1–12 years. 2. It was found that the peaks of drift were dependent on certain stages of development of the organisms and did not correspond to population densities of the species concerned. In the course of the year the highest drift value forGammarus pulex was recorded in June, for the Baetids immediately before emergence and for Simuliids shortly before pupation. The highest drift activity ofPolycelis cornuta was noted during the winter months. 3. The following environmental factors were also found to influence drift activity: a rise in temperature caused an increase ofGammarus drift, a fall in temperature a rise inPolycelis cornuta drift. Light intensity appeared to affect drift-activity of Baetids. 4. The different drift-activity of different organisms over 24 hr. period was taken as the basis for investigations of diurnal periodicity. 5. The species could be classified as day- and night-active organisms. 6. The basic pattern of diurnal activity and of seasonal change has been established forGammarus pulex, Baetis vernus andB. rhodani. Gammarus pulex follows the basic pattern of the Bigeminus-type for night-active organisms with a primary peak in the first hours of darkness in connection with sunset and a second peak in the second half of the night. In the short summer nights, the second peak disappears and in the long winter nights it is double.Baetis larvae (B. vernus andB. rhodani) show an activity pattern of the Alternans-type for night-active organisms with a primary peak in the second half of the night which is preceded by a secondary evening peak. Similarly, as inGammarus pulex the secondary peak disappears in summer nights and is double during the winter. It was found that if the water temperature drops to around freezing point Baetid larvae become day-active instead of nightactive. 7. Preliminary analysis was made of the seasonal variations of the basic pattern of activity ofEusimulium costatum,Polycelis cornuta andNiphargus aquilex. They are all night-active,Niphargus showing the basic Bigeminus pattern,Eusimulium andPolycelis the Alternans type. No seasonal variation from the basic Bigeminus pattern has been seen inNiphargus aquilex. 8. Simultanous drift investigations in different geographical regions have shown that in the polar summer no diurnal rhythm is to be seen but that only a very short period of darkness is necessary for the rhythm to become established. 9. By an artificial black-out arrangement of a part of a stream, the drift activity ofBaetis vernus andB. rhodani was greatly increased.Eusimulium costatum reacted with a reduction of drift, and many small maxima were formed. On removal of the artificial darkness the natural rhythm was immediately restored.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung 1. Die stromabwärts gerichtete Bewegung von Bachorganismen, organische Drift, wurde über einen Zeitraum von 1/1/2, Jahren kontinuierlich gemessen. 2. Dabei wurde gefunden, daß die Höhe der Drift abhängig ist von bestimmten Entwicklungsstadien der Tiere und nicht in Korrelation zu den Bestandsdichten der jeweiligen Tierart steht. Die höchsten Driftwerte im Jahresverlauf lagen beiGammarus pulex im Juni, bei den Baetiden jeweils vor der Flugreife, bei den Simuliidenlarven vor der Verpuppungsreife. Die höchste Driftaktivität vonPolycelis cornuta war in den Wintermonaten zu verzeichnen. 3. Darüber hinaus wird die Höhe der Drift verschiedener Tierarten durch Außenfaktoren mitbestimmt: Temperaturanstieg bedingt Erhöhung derGammarus-Drift, Temperaturabfall eine Erhöhung derPolycelis-Drift. Das Licht scheint einen Einfluß auf die Drifthöhe der Baetidenlarven zu haben. 4. Die unterschiedliche Driftaktivität der einzelnen Tierarten innerhalb einer 24-Stundenperiode war Ausgangspunkt zur Untersuchung der Tagesperiodik der Organismen. 5. Die Tierarten konnten den nachtaktiven bzw. tagaktiven Organismen zugeordnet werden. 6. FürGammarus pulex andBaetis vernus andB. rhodani wurden die Grundmuster des Aktivitätswechsels und ihre jahreszeitlichen Änderungen bestimmt.Gammarus pulex folgt dem Grundmuster des Bigeminus für nachtaktive Tiere mit dem Hauptmaximum in der ersten Nachthälfte — meist eng gebunden an den Sonnenuntergang — und einem Nebenmaximum in der 2. Nachthälfte. Je nach Länge der Nacht kann das Nebenmaximum verlorengehen (sommerlich kurze Nacht) oder verdoppelt werden (winterlich lange Nacht). Die Larven vonBaetis vernus andB. rhodani zeigen in ihren Aktivitätskurven das Bild des Alternans für nachtaktive Tiere, mit dem Hauptmaximum in der zweiten Nachthälfte and einem vorangehenden Nebenmaximum. In gleicher Weise wie beiGammarus geht in den Sommermonaten mit kurzen Nächten das Nebenmaximum verloren, während es im Winter verdoppelt wird. Sinkt die mittlere Temperatur in den Wintermonaten in die Nähe des Gefrierpunktes, so erfolgt bei den Baetidenlarven zahlenmäßig eine Umkehrung von Nacht- zu Tagaktivität. 7. FürEusimulium costatum, Polycelis cornuta undNiphargus aquilex wurden erste Ansätze zur Analyse der Grundmustervariationen im Jahresverlauf gewonnen. Auch these Tierarten sind nachtaktiv,Niphargus folgt dem, Grundmuster des Bigeminus,Eusimulium undPolycelis dem des Alternans.Niphargus hat bisher keine Variationen vom typischen Bigeminus-Grundmuster während des Jahresverlaufes gezeigt. 8. Synchrone Driftuntersuchungen in verschiedenen geographischen Breiten haben ergeben, daß der Aktivitätswechsel bei Insektenlarven (z. B.Baetis vernus) im Polarsommer verloren geht, daß es aber nur einer kurzen Nacht zur Aushildung des typischen Aktivitätsmusters bedarf. 9. Verdunkelung einer Bachstrecke bewirkte erhöhte Driftaktivität beiBaetis vernus andB. rhodani.Eusimulium costatum beantwortet die Verdunkelung des Baches mit Reduktion der Driftaktivität und Ausbildung mehrerer Maxima. Aufhebung der Verdunkelung bewirkt Rückkehr zum eingipfeligen Verlauf.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Planta 68 (1966), S. 167-185 
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung 1. Der Verlauf des Alterns in Maisblättern, gemessen am Verlust des Chlorophylls, wird durch zwei Korrelationen geregelt: a) Im isolierten Blatt hat die Basis die Tendenz, den Verfall in der Spitzenzone zu beschleunigen und sich dadurch die eigene Vitalität zu erhalten. b) Bleibt das Blatt in Verbindung mit der Pflanze, so wird dieses korrelative Altern verzögert. 2. 32P wird im isolierten Blatt von der Spitze zur Basis transportiert. Wird das Altern der Spitzenzone durch Behandlung der Basis mit Kinetin beschleunigt, so zeigt sich auch der 32P-Transport zur Blattbasis hin gefördert. Er wird aufgehalten, wenn der Verfall des Blattes durch den Anschluß an die Pflanze verhindert wird. Dies spricht dafür, daß eine Verlagerung von Material von der Blattspitze zur Basis hin (“gerichteter Transport”, “Mobilisation”) den Verlauf des korrelativen Alterns bestimmt. 3. Am Modellsystem des kinetin-induzierten gerichteten 32P-Transports lassen sich unterscheiden: a) eine Akkumulierung transportierter radioaktiver Phosphate am Kinetinort, b) eine Beschleunigung des dorthin gerichteten Transports um ca. 50%. 4. Der gerichtete Transport wird vom mobilisierenden Zentrum induziert und aufrechterhalten. Die Mobilisation kann aber auch vom Lieferbereich beeinflußt werden, besonders in späteren Stadien des Alterns. 5. Es wurde gezeigt, daß die Aktivität eines Mobilisationszentrums um so mehr ansteigt, je mehr Material dort bereits akkumuliert ist. Im Verlauf der Stoffverlagerungen verstärkt sich also die Mobilisation selbst. Der autokatalytische Charakter dieses Vorgangs zeigt sich auch in der Zeitkurve des gerichteten Transports von 32P.
    Notes: Summary 1. The course of senescence in leaves of corn seedlings, as measured by the loss of chlorophyll, is shown to be controlled by two correlative influences: a) In the isolated leaf, the base tends to enhance yellowing of the tip region. b) In the leaf attached to the intact plant, correlative aging is delayed by interactions with other parts of the plant. 2. Transport of P32 in the isolated leaf is directed from tip to base. It is promoted under conditions enhancing senescence of the tip (application of kinetin to the base). Conditions delaying senescence (leaf attached to intact plant) defer the basipetal P32-transport. This suggests that the pattern of correlative aging in detached leaves is caused by a shift of materials from tip to base (“directed transport” or “mobilization”). 3. Kinetin-induced directed transport of P32 was used as a test system to study mobilization. Localized application of kinetin to a leaf causes a) an accumulation of translocated P32 in the treated area, b) an acceleration of P32-transport directed towards the kinetin center. 4. The rate of kinetin-induced P32-transport is shown to be mainly determined by the activity of the mobilizing center; but the dissipation of phosphates out of the source region, being a separate variable, may also influence the rate of P32-transport. 5. The attracting activity of mobilizing centers is shown to be enhanced by increasing amounts of materials already accumulated. Thus, mobilization is a self-amplifying process. This is also reflected in the sigmoid shape of the time curves of P32-mobilization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 52 (1965), S. 156-156 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 54 (1967), S. 114-115 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Naturwissenschaften 55 (1968), S. 140-140 
    ISSN: 1432-1904
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 18 (1965), S. 557-557 
    ISSN: 0001-5520
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
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    Unknown
    Berlin : Periodicals Archive Online (PAO)
    Deutsche Zeitschrift für Philosophie. 14:12 (1966) 1489 
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