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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 78 (1995), S. 3376-3379 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Photoluminescence (PL) and photoreflectance (PR) measurements have been performed to investigate the intermixing behavior of Al and Ga in GaAs/AlAs multiple quantum wells (MQWs) grown by molecular-beam epitaxy and treated by rapid thermal annealing. These results indicate that the magnitude of the disordering for a GaAs/AlAs MQW increases as the layer thickness increases. When the GaAs/AlAs MQWs with layer thicknesses of 34 A(ring) are annealed at 950 °C for 10 s, the GaAs/AlAs MQWs are totally intermixed, resulting in a formation of an Al0.45Ga0.55As alloy. For the intermixed GaAs/AlAs MQWs, PL spectra show dominantly the Γ-valley direct transition, and PR signals show that the peaks originating from the interband transitions disappear. The observed increases of the full width at half-maximum (FWHM) in the PL spectra for the annealed GaAs/AlAs MQWs originate from the nonuniformity of the intermixing as a function of depth, and the decrease of FWHM in the PL spectra for the GaAs/AlAs MQWs annealed for longer times is due to the formation of Al0.45Ga0.55As alloys in the GaAs/AlAs MQWs. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 5298-5302 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The magnetic properties of an Fe87Zr7B5Ag1 (at. %) amorphous alloy, which contains an additional insoluble element (Ag) in a small amount, have been investigated as a function of annealing temperatures in order to know its potential applicability as a core material used at high-frequency. As a result, a new excellent soft magnetic material with very high resistivity was developed. The amorphous alloy annealed at a relatively low temperature of Ta=300 °C exhibited a very high initial permeability μi of 146 000 at 1 kHz and 2 mOe, resistivity ρRT of 4.5 μΩ m, and very low coercivity Hc of 20 mOe, respectively. The values obtained are the best ones among various kinds of Fe-based soft amorphous materials reported up to now. Furthermore, the amorphous ribbon heat treated at Ta=300 °C still retained good ductility enough to endure 180° bending, which is very important from the viewpoint of processing for mass production. The phenomenon of good soft magnetic properties presumably arises from the homogenous formation of very fine α-Fe clusters in an amorphous matrix, which can be deduced from the increase of resistivity, and the reduction of magnetostriction caused by the dissolution of Zr and B into the α-Fe cluster. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 2415-2418 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Photoluminescence (PL) measurements were performed in order to investigate the carbon impurity effects on the intermixing behavior of GaAs/AlAs multiple quantum wells (MQWs) grown by molecular-beam epitaxy. The GaAs/AlAs MQWs were annealed with a carbon source in a furnace annealing system. The PL spectra show that the magnitude of the intermixing of Al and Ga induced by thermal annealing in GaAs/AlAs MQWs increases with depth. This behavior is not in agreement with the intermixing mechanism considering vacancy injection of the surface. The nonuniformity of the intermixing as a function of the depth originated from the carbon impurities which were injected during thermal treatment. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 77 (1995), S. 2486-2494 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Photoluminescence (PL) measurements at 10 K were performed in order to investigate the influence of electric fields on the exciton states in Al0.4Ga0.6As/GaAs asymmetric coupled multiple quantum wells (ACMQW) grown by molecular-beam epitaxy. The coupling of the electronic energy levels in the wells led to an enhancement of the quantum-confined Stark effect. The PL intensity decreased as the electric field increased. Calculated values of the intersubband transition energies were in good agreement with the experimental values for the ACMQW, and these values showed a similar behavior as those for the step quantum well. When the external applied field was very strong, Stark-ladder transitions were observed, and the measured dependence of the field-induced energy shifts of the Stark-ladder transitions for the ACMQW agreed with theory. These results indicate that the Stark effect and the Stark-ladder transitions in a unique ACMQW based on the AlxGa1−xAs/GaAs structure were observed simultaneously. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1365-2303
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Significance of high-risk human papillomavirus detection by polymerase chain reaction in primary cervical cancer screening The purposes of this study were to evaluate the incidence of high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) infection by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and to assess its diagnostic usefulness in primary cervical screening. PCR testing for HPV type 16, 18, 31 and 33 was performed on 1305 specimens obtained during routine cervical cancer screening. We analysed the concurrent cervical smears and biopsy, and correlated them with the HPV infection status. We also evaluated histologically-proven cases with ASCUS smears according to HPV infection. HPV DNA was identified in eight (0.7%) of 1144 cytologically normal patients; nine (10.5%) of 86 ASCUS; seven (25.0%) of 28 LSIL; 26 (78.8%) of 33 HSIL; and in all of three squamous cell carcinomas (SCC). HPV positivity was significantly associated with cytohistological diagnosis for HSIL of more. In addition, HPV-positive ASCUS cases were found to be associated with histological abnormality rather than HPV-negative. The results indicate that high-risk HPV testing by PCR could be a useful adjunct tool for Pap smear in primary cervical screening. The combination of Pap smear and high-risk HPV testing by PCR might reduce unnecessary colposcopy-guided biopsy of women with cytological diagnosis of ASCUS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The haemodynamic effects of a continuous infusion of milrinone without an initial bolus dose were evaluated in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery. After internal mammary artery harvest, milrinone 0.5 μg.min−1.kg−1 (29 patients) or a normal saline infusion (33 patients) was started and continued until all graft anastomoses were completed. Haemodynamic variables were recorded before application of the tissue stabiliser, at 1, 3, 5 and 10 min after the application of the stabiliser, and after its removal. The administration of a milrinone infusion was associated with a smaller decrease in cardiac output and mixed venous oxygen saturation during all the coronary artery anastomoses, with no severe complications and a decreased dose of norepinephrine infused to maintain systemic arterial pressure.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1439-0264
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: This work describes a mapping study of phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase (PNMT) immunoreactive neurones and fibres in the medulla oblongata of the marmoset monkey, Callithrix jacchus. Two groups of PNMT-immunoreactive neurones were found in the marmoset monkey medulla oblongata: a ventrolateral (C1 group) and a dorsomedial PNMT-immunoreactive cells group (C2 group). The PNMT-immunoreactive cells in the ventrolateral group C1 were found to be located around the lateral reticular nucleus. The PNMT-immunoreactive somata within the ventrolateral medulla are round to oval, and mostly multipolar with branched processes. In the dorsomedial group C2, PNMT-immunoreactive cell bodies appeared near the obex. The majority of the dorsomedial PNMT-immunoreactive neurones were observed in the nucleus tractus solitarius; although some were present in the dorsal motor nucleus of the vagus. The PNMT-immunoreactive somata in the dorsomedial medulla were small and round or ovoid. These results provide information upon the adrenergic system in the medulla oblongata of a species that presents a useful model of a small primate brain, the marmoset monkey.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Cytopathology 15 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2303
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The current use of humanized monoclonal antibody trastuzumab for the treatment of patients with metastatic breast cancer has made evaluation of HER-2/neu status an important clinical issue. Chromogenic in situ hybridization (CISH), in which the DNA probe is detected with an immunohistochemistry (IHC)-like peroxidase reaction, has been recently developed for the assessment of HER-2/neu status in formalin-fixed breast cancer specimens. We have applied the technique of dual-colour CISH using HER-2/neu and chromosome 17 centromere probes in 27 cytological smears, and these cytological samples were obtained from scrapings of fresh breast tumours. We also investigated HER-2/neu amplification and protein overexpression in the corresponding surgical tissues by CISH and IHC using the monoclonal antibody CB11. Of the 27 cytological cases, HER-2/neu gene amplification was observed in nine cases that were positive cases (2+ and 3+) for IHC. Among the 13 IHC positive cases (2+ and 3+), four of them showed no gene amplification. Identical results for the CISH technique were obtained in the matched surgical samples. The scrape samples from fresh breast tumour offer a monolayer cell population that is especially suitable for CISH. This study has shown that the cytological smear might be a good alternative for the CISH test.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Copenhagen : Munksgaard International Publishers
    Allergy 55 (2000), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1398-9995
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Background: We report a case of hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) in a 17-year-old male student caused by Fusarium napiforme found in his home environment. Methods: The patient was diagnosed according to history, chest radiograph, spirometry, high-resolution chest CT, and transbronchial lung biopsy. To identify the causative agent, cultured aeromolds were collected by the open-plate method. From the main fungi cultured, fungal antigens were prepared, and immunoblot analysis with the patient's serum and each fungal antigen was performed. Results: Five fungal species were isolated from the patient's home. Immunoblotting analysis with the patient's serum demonstrated more than 10 IgG-binding fractions to F. napiforme extract only, while little binding was noted with the other fungal antigens. Conclusions: We should be aware that HP may be caused by F. napiforme in the home environment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1439-0264
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We report upon the distribution of galanin-immunoreactive (GAL-IR) cells in the lumbar dorsal root ganglia (DRG) of the rat, and upon the distribution of GAL-IR cells, which also contain calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP)-, substance P (SP)- and somatostatin (SOM)-immunoreactivity. Neuropeptide-immunoreactive lumbar DRG cells were 55.8% for CGRP, 12.7% for SP, and 6.5% for GAL in lumbar DRG cells. There was no significant difference between the right and left DRGs (L1−L6) for any neuropeptide-immunoreactive cell (P〈0.01). In terms of size distribution, CGRP-immunoreactive cells were identified below 1500 μm2, and SP-, and GAL-IR cells below 600 μm2. Neuropeptide immunoreactive cells showed various immunoreactivities in the cytoplasm according to each neuropeptide. CGRP and SP immunoreactive cells were colocalized with GAL immunoreactive cells in the serial sections about 83.3 and 60% respectively, but SOM colocalizing with GAL-IR cells were not in evidence. The current results confirm and extend previous results, and show that neuropeptides can coexist in single sensory neurones of the rat DRG. In addition, our results demonstrate that the normal distribution of some neurotransmitters modulating sensory action in Wistar Kyoto rat, make this model more prone to develop neuropathic pain than Sprague-Dawley rat.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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