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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histochemical Skeletal Muscle Fibre Types in the Sheep (2004)
    Berlin, Germany : Blackwell Verlag GmbH
    Anatomia, histologia, embryologia 33 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0264
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In this study, the differentiation of adult and postnatal muscle fibres in sheep longissimus thoracis muscle has been characterized. By using a variety of histochemical methods, we have investigated the m-ATPase and metabolic activities of skeletal muscle fibres in adult sheep and lambs aged between 1 day and 3 months. Types I, IIA, IIB and IIC fibres were identified. The results showed that the interpretation of the fibre type composition depends on the methods used. The findings also revealed that the fibre types IIA and IIB can be separated histochemically in sheep by using the correct m-ATPase technique, even at early stages of postnatal development, and that the origin of the four different fibres of the adult can be traced back to early postnatal stages.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0264.2004.00545.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Computed Tomography of Normal Cranioencephalic Structures in Two Horses (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Anatomia, histologia, embryologia 29 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0264
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The purpose of this investigation was to define the anatomy of the cranioencephalic structures in horses using computed tomography (CT). Tranverse images of two isolated equine cadaver heads were obtained using a Toshiba 600 HQ (third-generation equipment TCT). CT images were compared to corresponding frozen cross-sections of the cadaver head. Relevant anatomical structures were identified and labelled at each level. The resulting images provided excellent anatomic detail of the structures of the central nervous system and associated formations. Annotated CT images from this study are intended as a reference for clinical CT imaging studies of the equine head.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0264.2000.00278.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Histochemical and Morphometric Aspects of the Lateral Musculature of Different Species of Teleost Marine Fish of the Percomorphi Order (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Anatomia, histologia, embryologia 29 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0264
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Cross-sections of the lateral musculature of 19 species of teleost fish of the Percomorphi order were studied histochemically and morphometrically. The red, pink and white muscles were observed in all the species except in Seriola dumerilii and Scomber japonicus, in which no pink muscle was found. The red fibres were the smallest due to their minimal diameters. Histochemically and according to their location at least five types were found in the same species: typical red, in rosette, of the border, infiltrated pink and in mosaic. The pink fibres were larger than the red but smaller than the white. The form and disposition of the pink muscle varied according to the species. This muscle is made up by fibres of medium size, moderate m-ATPase and intermediate oxidative activities. Their histochemical properties change near red and white muscles, where they acquire the histochemical characteristics of the typical red fibres or the low m-ATPase activity of white fibres, respectively. The white muscle is the widest muscular layer. All of the species, except Thalassoma pavo are made up by three fibre types (small with high m-ATPase activity, medium with moderate m-ATPase activity, and large with low m-ATPase activity).They are mixed and show a histochemical and morphometric mosaic form. The extent of this mosaic depends on the species. In most of the analysed species it was observed in areas close to the pink muscle, but in three of them (Liza aurata, Seriola dumerilii and Coris julis) it occupied all of the myotome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0264.2000.00255.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Temperature Effect on Muscle Growth of the Axial Musculature of the Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax L.) (2000)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science, Ltd
    Anatomia, histologia, embryologia 29 (2000), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0264
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: In order to determine the temperature effect on the axial muscle growth of sea bass, a stock of larvae was subjected to the following incubation and cultivation temperatures, respectively: 15°C/ambient, 15/17°C, 17°C/ambient and 17/17°C. In all groups the cross-sectional area of white and red muscles and the number and average area of the white and red muscle fibres were quantified. Results showed that the embryonic period, pre-larval phase and the end of metamorphosis were accelerated at higher temperatures. During the endogenous feeding period, muscle growth took place by fibrillar hypertrophy, and was not influenced by the temperature. Thereafter (external feeding) muscular hyperplasia began, and growth of all the muscular parameters was favoured by the effect of high incubation and cultivation temperatures, with the latter having higher influence. High incubation temperature had an slight effect on muscle growth and body length, which was only observed from 15 days. Metamorphosis finished at 3 ± 0.4 cm in all the larvae, but this length was earlier reached at higher temperatures. At 120 days, the largest growth was obtained in the larvae maintained at a higher temperature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0264.2000.00262.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Muscle Development in Gilthead Sea Bream (Sparus aurata, L.) and Sea Bass (Dicentrarchus labrax, L.): Further Histochemical and Ultrastructural Aspects (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anatomia, histologia, embryologia 27 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0264
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The histochemical profiles - mATPase and NADH-TR reactions - of the red and white muscle fibres of gilthead sea bream and sea bass were determined from the first week after hatching. Modifications of the mATPase technique by combinations of pH/time/molarity were carried out in order to compare the sensitivity of the myosin ATPase of each muscle fibre type of the lateral muscle. Results showed that the staining of muscle fibres was independent of small modifications in the technique. The intermediate ‘pink’ muscle was histochemically defined towards the end of the larval life and is considered to be implicated in the growth of the myotome. A layer of external cells was observed, by electron microscopical examination, between the connective tissue of the skin and the superficial red muscle fibres of larvae and postlarvae. It is suggested that the external cells are unlikely to be a source of red muscle fibres and implicated on the growth of the myotome, but rather a part of the dermatome. The timing, areas and mechanisms of hyperplastic growth of the myotome were defined and discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0264.1998.tb00185.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Correlación Anatomo-radiológica de la Cabeza en la Cabra de Raza Canaria (Capra hircus L.) (1997)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anatomia, histologia, embryologia 26 (1997), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0264
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: A radiologic and tomographic study was made of the cranioencephalic topography of canary goats of medium weight and size.In a first step, the exocranialis references corresponding to an axis designed at the level of the meatus acusticus externus and parallel to the basicranial axis were anatomically and radiologically defined. Conventional stereotaxic techniques were then used to reach the standard position of the head in order to obtain macroscopical cross sections at different levels perpendicular to the base of the cranium.In a second step, a tomographic study was made to confirm the design of the axis.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0264.1997.tb00120.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of Two Thermal Regimes on the Muscle Growth Dynamics of Sea Bass Larvae, Dicentrarchus labrax L. (2003)
    Berlin, Germany : Blackwell Verlag GmbH
    Anatomia, histologia, embryologia 32 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0264
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Muscle growth was studied in larvae of sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax L., reared at two temperatures: real ambient temperature (≅15°C during vitelline phase and increased gradually) and 19°C from fertilization until the end of larval development. Muscle cellularity, body length and body weight were measured.Early temperature influenced larval development and so, pre-larval phase finished earlier at 19°C than at ambient temperature (4 and 6 days, respectively). Temperature also affected muscle growth such that at hatching and at mouth opening hypertrophy of muscle fibres was greater at 19°C (P 〈 0.05), whereas hyperplasia was similar in both groups. After 25 days, the cross-sectional area of the white muscle was greater at 19°C (P 〈 0.05), which was mainly associated with a higher proliferation of new white muscle fibres. At this stage the body length was also higher at 19°C. Metamorphosis finished earlier in fish reared at 19°C (52 days) than at natural temperature (82 days). At this developmental stage body length and cross-sectional area of the myotome were similar in both groups. However, muscle cellularity differed between groups. Thus, hypertrophy of muscle fibres was higher in fish reared at ambient temperature (P 〈 0.05), whereas proliferation of new muscle fibres was higher at 19°C (P 〉 0.05).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0264.2003.00482.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Post-larval Development of Lateral Musculature in Gilthead Sea Bream Sparus aurata (L.) and Sea Bass Dicentrarchus labrax (L.) (1998)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anatomia, histologia, embryologia 27 (1998), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1439-0264
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Fibre-type differentiation of lateral musculature has been studied in gilthead sea bream Sparus aurata (L.) and sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax (L.) during post-larval development using ultrastructural, histochemical and morphometric techniques. The study showed three muscle layers: red, intermediate (or pink) and white. Initially, most of the red muscle showed low myosin ATPase (m-ATPase) activity fibres, whereas near the transverse septum some small high m-ATPase activity fibres appeared and later acquired a rosette aspect. Afterwards, during adult growth the red muscle showed a histochemical mosaic appearance. The pink muscle in sea bass was observed at the beginning of juvenile development by the oxidative technique (NADH-RT reaction) whereas in gilthead sea bream it was also observed at the end of larval development. The pink layer consists of high m-ATPase activity fibres. However, along the muscle development other low and moderate m-ATPase activity fibres were observed close to the red and white muscles, respectively. The white muscle of juvenile fish showed a histochemical mosaic appearance near the pink muscle. In adult specimens the mosaic white muscle spread out occupying the whole of the myotome. Morphometric analysis shows a significant increase in mean fibre diameter during post-larval development, as shown by the Student's t-test (hypertrophic growth). Skewness and kurtosis values of fibre diameters point to the generation of a new fibres from the myosatellite cells (hyperplastic growth).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1439-0264.1998.tb00151.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The larval development of lateral musculature in gilthead sea bream Sparus aurata and sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 280 (1995), S. 217-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Ultrastructure ; Muscle growth ; Hypertrophy ; Hyperplasia ; Histochemistry ; Fish ; Sparus aurata, Dicentrarchus labrax (Teleostei)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Fibre-type differentiation of the lateral musculature has been studied in Sparus aurata (L.) and Dicentrarchus labrax (L.) during larval development. Histochemical and ultrastructural techniques show two presumptive muscle layers and two germinative zones of presumptive myoblasts. At hatching, myotomal muscle consists of a monolayer of thin undifferentiated cells near the skin (first germinative zone) overlying another mono-layer of small diameter fibres extending hypaxially and epaxially away from the transverse septum. Below this, there is a much thicker, deep layer of fibres, generally large in diameter and polygonal in shape. The presumptive myoblasts are located between these two layers of fibres in the second germinative zone. Initially, the superficial and deep muscle fibres show high and low myosin ATPase activity, respectively. Both layers grow by generating new fibres from the two mentioned germinative zones. At the end of larval life, the superficial layer changes its histochemical profile from high to low myosin ATPase activity and, at the same time, intermediate or pink muscle fibres can be observed by oxidative activity (the NADH-TR reaction). Morphometric analysis shows a significant increase in mean fibre diameter during successive ages, as shown by the Student's t-test (hypertrophic growth). Skewness and kurtosis values of fibre diameters point to the generation of a new fibre population from the germinative zones (hyperplastic growth).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307792
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The larval development of lateral musculature in gilthead sea bream Sparus aurata and sea bass Dicentrarchus labrax (1995)
    Springer
    Cell & tissue research 280 (1995), S. 217-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0878
    Keywords: Key words: Ultrastructure ; Muscle growth ; Hypertrophy ; Hyperplasia ; Histochemistry ; Fish ; Sparus aurata ; Dicentrarchus labrax (Teleostei)
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Fibre-type differentiation of the lateral musculature has been studied in Sparus aurata (L.) and Dicentrarchus labrax (L.) during larval development. Histochemical and ultrastructural techniques show two presumptive muscle layers and two germinative zones of presumptive myoblasts. At hatching, myotomal muscle consists of a monolayer of thin undifferentiated cells near the skin (first germinative zone) overlying another monolayer of small diameter fibres extending hypaxially and epaxially away from the transverse septum. Below this, there is a much thicker, deep layer of fibres, generally large in diameter and polygonal in shape. The presumptive myoblasts are located between these two layers of fibres in the second germinative zone. Initially, the superficial and deep muscle fibres show high and low myosin ATPase activity, respectively. Both layers grow by generating new fibres from the two mentioned germinative zones. At the end of larval life, the superficial layer changes its histochemical profile from high to low myosin ATPase activity and, at the same time, intermediate or pink muscle fibres can be observed by oxidative activity (the NADH-TR reaction). Morphometric analysis shows a significant increase in mean fibre diameter during successive ages, as shown by the Student’s t-test (hypertrophic growth). Skewness and kurtosis values of fibre diameters point to the generation of a new fibre population from the germinative zones (hyperplastic growth).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00307792
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