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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Switching dynamics and write endurance of magnetic tunnel junctions (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 91 (2002), S. 543-545 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The switching dynamics of magnetic tunnel junctions has been studied by means of time resolved magneto-optic Kerr magnetometry. Magnetic field pulses as short as 250 ps are found to be sufficiently long to switch the storage content of the element. In order to test the write endurance the magnetization of one single element has been reversed 1011 times. Shortly after the initialization of the hard magnetic layer the magnetization reversal process of the soft magnetic layer remains unchanged, indicating that no further degradation of the pinned layer comes into effect. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1423784
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Photoluminescence frequency up-conversion in GaSe single crystals as studied by confocal microscopy (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 91 (2002), S. 1081-1086 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The photoluminescence spectrum of melt-grown GaSe single crystals was investigated with a confocal Raman microscope equipped with a HeNe laser. Three luminescence bands of different intensity were observed, which are mainly located to the blue of the laser line. The luminescence signals show a quadratic dependence on excitation intensity. The effect is interpreted as second-harmonic generation in the strongly optically nonlinear material followed by the excitation of electrons into the conduction band and luminescence emission from direct-gap Wannier excitons. The relative intensities of the three luminescence peaks exhibit a spatial variation on the crystal surface, which was mapped with the confocal microscope. Possible explanations of this effect are discussed. In an external electric field the luminescence shows a strong increase and a quadratic redshift, whose magnitude is consistent with the Franz–Keldysh mechanism. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1421215
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Spatial and spatiotemporal self-focusing of spin waves in garnet films observed by space- and time-resolved Brillouin light scattering (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 5088-5090 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A new advanced space- and time-resolved Brillouin light scattering technique is used to study diffraction of two-dimensional beams and pulses of dipolar spin waves excited by strip-line antennas in tangentially magnetized garnet films. The technique is an effective tool for investigations of two-dimensional spin wave propagation with high spatial and temporal resolution. Nonlinear effects such as stationary and nonstationary self-focusing are investigated in detail. It is shown that nonlinear diffraction of a stationary backward volume magnetostatic wave (BVMSW) beam, having a finite transverse aperture, leads to self-focusing of the beam at one spatial point. Diffraction of a finite-duration (nonstationary) BVMSW pulse leads to space–time self-focusing and formation of a strongly localized two-dimensional wave packet (spin wave bullet). © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.373257
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Switching behavior of Stoner-like magnetic thin film elements (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 6274-6276 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report results of the switching properties of thin magnetic films described by Stoner-like magnetic blocks subject to ultrashort, laterally localized magnetic field pulses, obtained by numerical investigations. Perpendicularly magnetized films exhibit a magnetization reversal due to a 4 ps magnetic field pulse, which can be explained with a coherent rotation model. Although the magnetic field pulse is short compared to the ferromagnetic resonance precession time, the time needed for the relaxation of the magnetization to the equilibrium state is rather large. In addition, we show numerical results for the magnetization reversal of an in-plane magnetized sample with uniaxial in-plane anisotropy. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.372677
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Growth and magnetic properties of Fe films on vicinal to (001) substrates (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 6092-6094 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We report on investigations of the crystallographic structure and the magnetic anisotropies of epitaxial iron films deposited onto periodically stepped Ag(001) surfaces using low energy electron diffraction, x-ray diffraction, second harmonic generation (SHG), as well as the Brillouin light scattering (BLS) technique. The focus of the present study lies on the interrelation between the surface morphology of the buffer layers and the magnetic properties of the Fe films, epitaxially grown onto them. Especially the symmetry breaking at the atomic steps is found to create an uniaxial magnetic anisotropy measured by BLS and a very strong anisotropic signal in magnetic SHG. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.372619
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Suppression of magnetic-field pulse-induced magnetization precession by pulse tailoring (2000)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 76 (2000), S. 2758-2760 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Short magnetic-field pulses may be used in the near future to change the magnetization state in magnetic storage devices. In order to minimize the time required for this process, and thus to maximize the switching speed of such devices, the magnetization precession after the termination of the magnetic-field pulse needs to be suppressed to a maximum degree. It is demonstrated experimentally that the appropriate adjustment of the field pulse parameters may lead to a full suppression of the magnetization precession immediately upon termination of the field pulse. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.126466
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Continuous reel-to-reel measurement of critical currents of coated conductors (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 79 (2001), S. 4390-4392 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: We demonstrate that magnetization measurements by Hall probe arrays are well suited for the reel-to-reel determination of critical currents along long lengths of coated conductors. The technique is contact-free, fast, simple, and it has a high spatial resolution. A quantitative measure of the critical current as a function of position was obtained by fitting a simple critical state model to the field distribution. The technique is demonstrated for YBa2Cu3O7 films on single-crystal substrates and then applied to samples of coated conductors. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1428771
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A reply (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Anaesthesia 59 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.2004.04004.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor up-regulates GTP-cyclohydrolase I activity and tetrahydrobiopterin levels in primary dopaminergic neurones (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 82 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) protects dopaminergic neurones against toxic and physical damage. In addition, GDNF promotes differentiation and structural integrity of dopaminergic neurones. Here we show that GDNF can support the function of primary dopaminergic neurones by triggering activation of GTP-cyclohydrolase I (GTPCH I), a key enzyme in catecholamine biosynthesis. GDNF stimulation of primary dopaminergic neurones expressing both tyrosine 3-monooxygenase and GTPCH I resulted in a dose-dependent doubling of GTPCH I activity, and a concomitant increase in tetrahydrobiopterin levels whereas tyrosine 3-monooxygenase activity was not altered. Actinomycin D, asan inhibitor of de novo biosynthesis, abolished any GDNF-mediated up-regulation of GTPCH I activity. However, GTPCH I mRNA levels in primary dopaminergic neurones were not altered by GDNF treatment, suggesting that the mode of action for that up-regulation is not directly connected to the regulation of GTPCH I transcription. We conclude that GDNF, in addition to its action in structural differentiation, also promotes differentiation regarding expression and enzymatic activity of a crucial component in the dopaminergic biosynthetic pathway.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.01074.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Critical behavior of a trifunctional, randomly branched polymer: percolation versus cascade theory (1991)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Macromolecules 24 (1991), S. 2634-2636 
    Details
    ISSN: 1520-5835
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/ma00009a076
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