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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Anisotropic magnetism in hybridizing uranium systems : 37th Annual conference on magnetism and magnetic materials (1993)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 73 (1993), S. 5424-5426 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The isostructural uranium monopnictides and monochalcogenides have become prototype systems in actinide research with respect to their unusual magnetic properties. We have investigated the origins in the electronic structure of the variation in magnetic behavior as the degree of 5f-electron localization changes from localized to itinerant on going up the pnictogen or chalcogen column, thus decreasing the U-U separation. We have applied a synthesis of: (1) A phenomenological theory of orbitally driven magnetic ordering which includes both the hybridization-induced and the RKKY exchange interactions on an equal footing, and (2) Ab initio electronic structure calculations, based on the linear-muffin-tin-orbital method, allowing a first-principles evaluation of the parameters entering the model Hamiltonian. We have investigated systematically characteristic trends and changes of the 5f-state resonance width, the hybridization potential, and the hybridization-induced and RKKY exchange interactions with chemical environment, on going down the pnictogen or chalcogen column and on going from the weakly hybridizing pnictides to the more strongly hybridizing chalcogenides.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.353703
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stress-dependent surface reactions and implications for a stress measurement technique (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 87 (2000), S. 1211-1218 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: In contact with an environment, a solid may gain or lose mass due to, for example, deposition or etching. As the reaction proceeds, the surface of the solid moves, either extending or receding. If the solid is under stress, the elastic energy adds to the driving force of the reaction, and may cause the surface to roughen. This phenomenon has recently led to a novel experimental technique to determine the stress state in a solid by using an atomic force microscope to scan the surface profiles before and after etching. Stress is also known to change the mobility of a reaction. By this mechanism, the stress may either roughen or stabilize a flat surface. This article describes a linear perturbation analysis of a three-dimensional solid surface evolving under stress, using a general kinetic law. It is found that when the reaction is near equilibrium, the stress effect on driving force dominates; when the reaction is far from equilibrium, the stress effect on mobility dominates. Under these two conditions, the surface profile spectra have different patterns and length scales. The implications for the stress measurement technique are discussed. It is suggested that the same experimental procedure be used to measure surface energy and activation strains. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.371999
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Equations of state for hard chain molecules (1993)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 99 (1993), S. 5326-5335 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Equations of state for hard sphere chain molecules are derived within the framework of second order perturbation theory of polymerization (TPT2). The present formulation differs from the original Wertheim's treatment by dealing with molecules with a fixed number of beads. However, the two versions yield very close numerical results for chains composed of freely jointed spheres, showing the insensitivity of the pressure of these fluids to polydispersity. The case of star-like molecules and chain mixtures is also considered. Theoretical predictions are compared to available simulation data, using recent results for the triplet correlation function for hard spheres in rolling contact. Some predictions for the pressure of freely rotating chains and that of trimers as a function of the bond angle are given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.465976
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Absolute and differential measurement of water vapor supersaturation using a commercial thin-film sensor (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 71 (2000), S. 266-270 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: We describe a technique for measuring the water vapor supersaturation of normal air over a temperature range of −40(approximately-less-than)T(approximately-less-than)0 °C. The measurements use an inexpensive commercial hygrometer which is based on a thin-film capacitive sensor. The time required for the sensor to reach equilibrium was found to increase exponentially with decreasing sensor temperature, exceeding 2 min for T=−30 °C; however, the water vapor sensitivity of the device remained high down to this temperature. After calibrating our measurement procedure, we found residual scatter in the data corresponding to an uncertainty in the absolute water vapor pressure of about ±15%. This scatter was due mainly to long-term drift, which appeared to be intrinsic to the capacitive thin-film sensor. The origin of this drift is not clear, but it effectively limits the applicability of this instrument for absolute measurements. We also found, however, that the high sensitivity of the thin-film sensor makes it rather well suited for differential measurements. By comparing supersaturated and saturated air at the same temperature we obtained a relative measurement uncertainty of about ±1.5%, an order of magnitude better than the absolute measurements. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1150192
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In Vitro Release of Endogenous Dopamine from the Striatum of the Weaver Mutant Mouse (1991)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of neurochemistry 57 (1991), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-4159
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: : The weaver mutant mouse has a genetically determined defect in the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system. The present study was undertaken to test the hypothesis that in the weaver mutant mouse, striatal nerve terminals undergo compensatory changes in response to this deficiency. To test this hypothesis, we studied the basal and stimulated release of dopamine from striatal slices of weaver mutant mice and matched controls. By using a superfusion system and concentrating the superfusate by passage over alumina, resting dopamine release could be determined in the weaver mutant despite the fact that striatal tissue content of dopamine in these mice is reduced by 〉75% compared with control mice. Fractional resting release of dopamine in weaver striatal slices was significantly elevated compared with that in controls, suggesting that the release mechanisms in the weaver may be adapting to overcome the dopamine deficit. Potassium-evoked release (24 and 48 mM potassium) was not significantly different between the two genotypes. In contrast, amphetamine-evoked release (1 μM) was significantly greater in the weaver mice than in controls. In both genotypes, release evoked by amphetamine was completely inhibited by cocaine, implicating the dopamine uptake carrier in this release process. These findings suggest that fundamental differences in dopamine release mechanisms exist between weaver and control mice and support the hypothesis that compensatory mechanisms may develop in neurons in response to dopamine deficits.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-4159.1991.tb06341.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A novel missense mutation in the COL7A1 gene underlies epidermolysis bullosa pruriginosa (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Clinical and experimental dermatology 29 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2230
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Epidermolysis bullosa (EB) pruriginosa is a subtype of dominant dystrophic EB (DDEB), characterized by severe pruritus and blistering localized to the extensor surface of the extremities. EB pruriginosa exhibits extensive clinical heterogeneity with variable expression and delayed age of onset. Mutations in the COL7A1 gene, especially in glycine residues within Gly-X-Y repeats, have been shown to cause this form of DDEB. Here, we report a novel COL7A1 mutation in a Taiwanese pedigree with EB pruriginosa. Using PCR and direct sequence analysis we have identified a G→T transversion at nucleotide 7097 in exon 92 of COL7A1, converting a glycine residue to valine (G2366V). The mutation resides within a consecutive, uninterrupted stretch of 17 Gly-X-Y residues in the triple-helical domain of type VII collagen. Interestingly, an affected member of this family also displayed elevated IgE levels, previously reported in some patients with this disorder. Our finding further implicates COL7A1 mutation in the pathogenesis of EB pruriginosa and underscores the heterogeneous clinical symptoms of glycine mutations in DDEB.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2230.2004.01495.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Energy gap and band alignment for (HfO2)x(Al2O3)1−x on (100) Si (2002)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 81 (2002), S. 376-378 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: High-resolution x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was applied to characterize the electronic structures for a series of high-k materials (HfO2)x(Al2O3)1−x grown on (100) Si substrate with different HfO2 mole fraction x. Al 2p, Hf 4f, O 1s core levels spectra, valence band spectra, and O 1s energy loss all show continuous changes with x in (HfO2)x(Al2O3)1−x. These data are used to estimate the energy gap (Eg) for (HfO2)x(Al2O3)1−x, the valence band offset (ΔEν) and the conduction band offset (ΔEc) between (HfO2)x(Al2O3)1−x and the (100) Si substrate. Our XPS results demonstrate that the values of Eg, ΔEν, and ΔEc for (HfO2)x(Al2O3)1−x change linearly with x. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1492024
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Ti/Al/Pt/Au and Al ohmic contacts on Si-substrated GaN (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 79 (2001), S. 218-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Al and Ti/Al/Pt/Au ohmic contacts on GaN epitaxial layers were studied. The epilayers were grown on Si (111) substrates by low-pressure metalorganic chemical vapor deposition. Al/GaN contacts achieved a minimum contact resistivity of 7.5×10−3 Ω cm2 after annealing in N2 ambient at 450 °C for 3 min. Further annealing degraded the contacts. Ti/Al/Pt/Au and GaN contacts achieved a minimum contact resistivity of 8.4×10−5 Ω cm2 after annealing in N2 at 650 °C for 20 s. The Ti/Al/Pt/Au contacts on GaN showed a better thermal stability than Al/GaN contacts. After annealing at 600 °C for 30 min. they were still ohmic contacts. The mechanisms for ohmic contact formation of Ti/Al/Pt/Au contacts were also analyzed. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1385189
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Surface electronic structure of plasma-treated indium tin oxides (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 78 (2001), S. 2595-2597 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) has been used to study the electronic structures of indium tin oxide (ITO) surfaces treated by O+, Ar+, and NHx〈sup ARRANGE="STAGGER"〉+ plasmas. The XPS data show that there is a significant change in core level energies (In 3d5/2 O 1s, and Sn 3d5/2), in donor concentration (Sn4+), in valence band maximums (VBM), and in work functions on ITO surfaces being treated by O+ and NHx〈sup ARRANGE="STAGGER"〉+ plasmas, compared with that of virgin and Ar+ plasma treated surfaces. Based on these experimental data, a surface band-bending theory is proposed. The theory explains that when Fermi energy of the plasma-treated surface is shifted towards the middle of the band gap: core levels will shift their energies to lower binding energies, VBM will bend upward, and work function will increase, as observed. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1367897
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interdependence of Gene Expression for Early Steps of Cephalosporin Synthesis in Streptomyces clavuligerus (1994)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 721 (1994), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1994.tb47383.x
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