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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immunohistochemical studies on the new type of astrocytic inclusions identified in a patient with brain malformation (1992)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 84 (1992), S. 449-452 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Astrocytic inclusion ; S-100 protein ; Microtubule-associated protein 1B ; Immunohistochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary Immunohistochemical studies were carried out on the new type of cerebral cortical astrocytic inclusions recently discovered in a 20-year-old patient with maldeveloped brain and micropolygyria. The inclusions appeared as eosinophilic structures (hematoxylin and eosin stain) and did not exhibit argyrophilia (modified Bielschowsky method). The inclusions were strongly stained by the antibody against S-100 protein (S 100) and to a lesser extent by the antibody to microtubule-associated protein 1B (MAP 1B). In contrast to Rosenthal fibers, the astrocytic inclusions did not react with antibodies to αB-crystallin, glial fibrillary acidic protein and ubiquitin. No positive reactions were obtained with antibodies against heat-shock protein 27 (HSP 27), HSP 72, actin, vimentin, desmin, cytokeratin, myelin basic protein, β-tubulin, MAP 2, tau protein, paired helical filament, phosphorylated neurofilament protein (NFP), nonphosphorylated NFP, synaptophysin, cathepsin D, α1-antichymotrypsin, α1-antitrypsin and basic fibroblast growth factor. By immunoelectron microscopy, the products of the reaction with the anti-S 100 antibody appeared as heterogeneous granular deposits and with the antibody to MAP 1B they were randomly scattered throughout the astrocytic inclusions. Our results demonstrate that the immunohistochemical profile of the recently described inclusions differs from that of Rosenthal fibers. Whether the novel inclusions are involved in congenital astrocyte dysfunction and cerebral malformation remains to be established.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00227674
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inclusion bodies in cerebral cortical astrocytes: a new change of astrocytes (1992)
    Springer
    Acta neuropathologica 84 (1992), S. 113-116 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0533
    Keywords: Eosinophilic inclusion bodies ; Astrocytic change ; Cerebral cortex ; Micropolygyria
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary A unique pathological finding of astrocytes was observed in the brain of a 20-year-old man who had severe physical and mental retardation. The brain was malformed showing micropolygyria in several cortical areas. A large number of hypertrophic astrocytes with eosinophilic granular substances in their cytoplasm were found throughout the cerebral cortex. Several staining procedures and electron microscopical examinations were carried out on these intracytoplasmic inclusion. It was found that the appearance and staining character of these inclusions were different from other astrocytic changes, especially the Rosenthal fiber, described so far. The authors consider that these inclusion bodies in cerebral cortical astrocytes represent new pathological changes of astrocytes that appear to be associated with malformation of the brain.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00427225
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Developmental changes in body weight and elemental composition of laboratory-reared larvae of the red frog crab, Ranina ranina (Decapoda: Brachyura) (1993)
    Springer
    Marine biology 116 (1993), S. 399-406 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Ranina ranina larvae were reared at 29°C from hatching to the megalopa stage to measure daily changes in body weight, water content and elemental composition. Energy, estimated from carbon content, was also examined. The water content was 85 to 92% of body weight immediately after ecdysis but decreased with days after ecdysis. Gains in body weight, carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen and energy during each instar ranged from 52 to 245% and increased with instar after instar II (body weight and carbon), instar III (hydrogen and energy), and instar IV (nitrogen). Cumulative gains of these elements from hatching to 2 d before metamorphosis into megalopa ranged from 11 567% (carbon) to 12 209% (energy). Most cumulative gains (57 to 59%) in elemental composition were contributed by instar VII. Carbon, nitrogen and hydrogen content in body weight decreased to a minimum on the day of ecdysis and increased on the subsequent days. C:N ratios after instar IV were lowest on the day after ecdysis and reached a plateau by the second day. Energy, estimated as J mg-1 dry weight (DW), decreased with instar and within a molt cycle, and was at a minimum on the day after ecdysis. Gains in elemental composition could be described by an exponential function of days after hatching and by a quadratic function in each instar.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00350056
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Female reproductive biology and oocyte development of the red frog crab, Ranina ranina, off Hachijojima, Izu Islands, Japan (1993)
    Springer
    Marine biology 115 (1993), S. 613-623 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Speciments of the red frog crab, Ranina ranina, examined in this study were collected off Hachijojima, Japan from 1987–1988 and 1990–1991. Ovigerous females occurred from May to September, and their carapace length ranged from 61.8 to 102.1 mm. Minimum size at the maturity was estimated to be 50 to 60 mm carapace length. The lobule-type ovary had a longitudinal ovarian cavity at the center. Germinal zones were located along the sides of the cavity. Oogenesis was divided into five main and ten detailed stages: proliferation (oogonium); previtellogenesis (bouquet, early chromatin nucleolus, late chromatin nucleolus); primary vitellogenesis (oil globule and yolk granule); secondary vitellogenesis (primary yolk platelet, secondary yolk platelet and prematuration); and maturation (maturation) stages. Vitellogenesis started at the oil globule stage when weakly positive periodic acid-Schiff granules appear in the cytoplasm. Based on the gonadosomatic index and histological changes in ovary, the reproductive cycle was divided into five stages: multiplication, from December to January; developing, from February to March; ripe in April and early May; spawning, from late May to August; and recovery, from August to November. Each crab spawned more than once during the spawning season.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00349369
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Male reproductive biology of the red frog crab, Ranina ranina, off Hachijojima, Izu Islands, Japan (1994)
    Springer
    Marine biology 118 (1994), S. 393-401 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Male red frog crabs, Ranina ranina, were collected year round in 1990 and 1991 off Hachijojima for histological study of the reproductive system and cycle. The testis containing the lobules and seminiferous ducts is surrounded by connective tissue. The seminiferous duct connects to the anterior end of the vas deferens, which can be histologically divided into three portions similar to one another in appearance. It was surrounded by fibrous connective tissue, muscle fibrils and columnar epithelium. Muscle fibrils were absent in the anterior portion. Multiple sperm masses were not formed in the vas deferens and ejaculatory duct, but the sperm mass was covered with a capsule composed of two layers. The outer layer of the capsule was periodic acid Schiff (PAS)-positive, but the inner layer was negative. Both layers were Alcian Blue negative, except the vacuoles in the outer layer that were stained blue. The small round androgenic gland was attached to the posterior end of the vas deferens of the coxa of the eighth thoracic appendage. The ejaculatory duct was distinguishable from the vas deferens by the absence of columnar epithelium and the presence of thick longitudinal muscle fibers. Spermatogenesis was histochemically examined. The acrosomal vesicle appeared to be derived from PAS-positive vesicles in the cytoplasm of the spermatid at the early stage of spermiogenesis. The arms were positive to the Feulgen reaction and the subacrosomal region was negative to PAS. Seasonal changes in reproductive cycle were inconspicuous histologically and microscopically. Sperm were always present in the testis and vas deferens throughout the year and occupied 5.1 to 19.6% of testis observed in cross sections. The minimum size of maturity is less than 39 mm carapace length, but the minimum size capable of successful mating was estimated to be ca. 55 mm.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00350296
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interannual, seasonal, local and body size variations in reproduction of the prawn Penaeus (Marsupenaeus) japonicus (Crustacea: Decapoda: Penaeidae) in the Ariake Sea and Tachibana Bay, Japan (2000)
    Springer
    Marine biology 136 (2000), S. 223-231 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  The reproductive biology of female Penaeus japonicus Bate was investigated in the Ariake Sea and Tachibana Bay (located outside the Ariake Sea), Japan from 1994 to 1996. Interannual, seasonal, individual female body size and spatial influences on the incidence of spawning were examined. The proportion of inseminated females, increased with increasing body size up to 170 mm body length (BL) and decreased thereafter. The minimum size at maturity was similar between years; 130 to 140 mm BL. The minimum size of individuals with developing ovaries or spermatophores differed from that of ripe females by 20 to 25 mm. Spawning occurred in the central part of the Ariake Sea and Tachibana Bay but rarely in the inner part. P. japonicus had a clear reproductive cycle. Spawning started earlier and ended later, occurring from mid-May to mid-October, in the eastern central part of and outside of the Ariake Sea compared with the western central part, where spawning occurred from mid-June to mid-September. Spawning dynamics differed across seasons, body sizes and areas but not across years. The seasonal peak in the proportion of ripe females varied with body size. In small individuals (130 to 169 mm BL), no peak was observed, whereas in large individuals (〉170 mm BL) the proportion of ripe individuals peaked in June. The proportion of ripe individuals increased with increasing body size and was high outside the Ariake Sea. Factors causing the variation in spawning dynamics are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002270050680
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tacticity, molecular weight, and molecular-weight-distribution relationships in stereoregular polyacrylonitrile prepared by electron beam irradiation canal polymerization (2000)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 278 (2000), S. 757-763 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Key words Isotactic polyacrylonitrile ; Canal polymerization ; Electron beam irradiation ; Structure ; properties relationships
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The preparation and characterization of stereoregular isotactic polyacrylonitrile (PAN) by electron beam (EB) irradiation on a urea canal complex are described. The EB method has several advantages over the ordinary γ-ray irradiation method: a very short polymerization time is needed (within a few seconds) and EB irradiation is carried out intermittently, and so all the polymer properties can be studied as a function of the EB irradiation dose. The structure–properties relationships of PAN, such as intrinsic viscosity versus the number-average molecular weight and the viscosity versus the isotacticity range were clarified. Significant information for the optimization of the tacticity of PAN was extracted.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003960000305
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A segment concept in the dissolution of stereoregular isotactic polyacrylonitrile into three dinitrile solvents, CN-(CH2) n -CN (n = 1, 2, and 3), at elevated temperatures (2000)
    Springer
    Colloid & polymer science 278 (2000), S. 352-357 
    Details
    ISSN: 1435-1536
    Keywords: Key words Isotactic polyacrylonitrile ; High-temperature dissolution ; Dinitrile solvents ; Segment mobility
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The dependence of the dissolution temperature (T sol) of isotactic polyacrylonitrile (PAN) on tacticity was studied for three dinitrile solvents. A linear relationship was obtained in the inverse plots of the tacticity dependence of the T sol of PAN. A phenomenological analogy between the tacticity dependence of the T sol of isotactic PAN and the molecular-weight dependence of the glass-transition temperature of amorphous polystyrene is discussed from a thermodynamic point of view. The linear relationships in both phenomena are explained in terms of a common mechanism: a breakdown of thermodynamic competition, enthalpy, and entropy through the segment mobility. The significance of segment concept and molecular mobility at elevated temperatures are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003960050524
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