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  • 1
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Keywords: Key words:Probolomyrmex, Ponerinae, specialized predation, millipede, Formicidae.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary: Colonies of Probolomyrmex dammermani Wheeler were collected in West Java, Indonesia. The nests contained a few millipedes of the family Polyxenidae, all of which were completely divested of their covering setae. Laboratory experiments showed that the ants fed only on polyxenids. The following bionomic characteristics were also noted: colony size was small (14 workers on average; range 8-21) with one dealate queen who was mated and laid eggs; pupae were necked; and both workers and queens had only one ovariole per ovary, which is the lowest ovariole number for ant queens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Keywords: Ponerinae ; Odontomachus polygyny ; queen ; reproduction ; polyethism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Colony composition and behavior of queens in the ponerine antOdontomachus rixosus were investigated in Bogor (West Java) and Ulu Gombak (Penisular Malaysia). The colonies had multiple dealate queens, with a maximum of 82 queens per colony. Majority of queens (92.4%) were inseminated and laid eggs, however, the degree of ovarian development slightly varied among individual queens. Queen behavior was observed for one colony in laboratory. Reproductive condition of individual queens was related with behavioral profiles. Virgin queens and mated queens having less developed ovaries engaged in foraging, larval care and grooming workers while fertile mated queens performed egg care and grooming queens. Aggressive interactions among coexisting queens were not observed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 35 (1988), S. 251-261 
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Resume La croissance et le développement des colonies de la fourmi «charpentière du bambou».Camponotus kiusiuensis ont été étudiés par élevage en laboratoire et par échantillonage régulier dans les forêts de bambous. La mortalité moyenne sur l'ensemble des formes immatures a été de 44,9±SD 7,5% pendant la fondation claustrale de la colonie par la reine: 25,3±8,1% parmi les œufs, 14,1±7,8% parmi les larves, 3.9±6.3% parmi les prénymphes et 4.2±5.6% parmi les nymphes. Si le monorphisme est de règle chez les premières ouvrières, le polymorphisme devient plus marqué parallèlement à la croissance de la colonie et à l'augmentation du nombre de grandes ouvrières jusqu'à ce que l'on atteigne la distribution typique des colonies adultes à partir d'une population de 100 adultes. Les colonies bien développées sont monogynes et polycaliques. Les nids satellites sans femelle sont plus abondants en automne qu'en hiver, contrairement aux nids polycaliques étudiés antérieurement montrant habituellement une augmentation de la densité en nids durant l'été. Ceci suggère que les bambous morts offrent un espace limite de nidification et que le polycalisme est remarquablement dépendant de la taille de population des colonies. Bien que les fourmis ailées soient plus abondantes dans les nids sans reines que dans les nids avec reines, l'effet négatif de la reine sur la production des sexués ne semble pas aussi fort que pour les espèces étudiées auparavant.
    Notes: Summary Colonial growth and development of a bamboo carpenter antCamponotus kiusiuensis was studied both by cultivation in the laboratory and by regular sampling in bamboo thickets. The mean mortality of immatures was 44.9±SD 7.5% during claustral colony foundation by a queen: 25.3±8.1% in eggs, 19.4±9.9% in larvae, 3.9±6.3% in prepupae and 4.2±5.6% in pupae. Although the first workers were monomorphic, polymorphism was developed by an increase in larger workers with the growth of colony, achieving the full variation of worker size at population level of about 100 adults. Well-developed colonies were monogynous and polydomous. Queenless satellite nests were most abundant in the autumn to winter, unlike hitherto studied polydomous ants which usually show the peak of nest density in the summer, suggesting that the dead bamboos limited nest space. The scale of polydomy was remarkably dependent on the population size of the colony. Although the alates were more abundant in queenless nests than in queenright nests, the negative effect of queens on the production was not so strong as in the species hitherto reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Keywords: Ant ; reproduction ; insemination ; intercaste ; monogyny
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Many females morphologically intermediate between queens and workers were found in a northernmost population ofMyrmecina graminicola nipponica Wheeler. Dissection and morphological observation revealed that there were three categories of intercastes. Major intercastes were as large as queens in body size, with seven or more ovarioles, but had only one ocellus, unlike queens, which had three ocelli. Medium intercasts had an enlarged mesonotum, one or no ocellus and 2 to 12 ovarioles. Minor intercaste was very simlar to workers in external morphology, but had a spermatheca, unlike workers. Inseminated females constituted 75%, 40% and 28.6% in the major, medium and minor intercastes respectively. Many of the virgin medium and minor intercastes had a small disfunctional spermatheca. In queenright colonies, a single queen was inseminated and had an active ovary. In queenless colonies where the intercastes reproduced, however, some colonies were functionally monogynous, but the others polygynous. The ratio of polygynous colonies to monogynous colonies was lowest in July and highest in September, suggesting that polygyny results from newly inseminated intercastes remaining in their natal nests, although they leave those nests in the season of colonial budding. Queenless colonies containing inseminated intercastes exclusively produced intercastes, while queenright colonies almost exclusively produced queens.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Keywords: Key words: Gamergate, polygyny, monogyny, colonial budding, ovarian development.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary: Colonies of the queenless ponerine ant Rhytidoponera aurata were collected in an Acacia-Eucalyptus woodland of North Queensland, Australia. Of the 25 colonies collected, 11 were monogynous and 13 polygynous (1 was not determined). The number of gamergates (mated and egg-laying workers) in the polygynous colonies was 12 to 44. The mean colony size was significantly larger in polygynous colonies than in monogynous colonies. Ovaries of gamergates in monogynous colonies were more developed than those in polygynous colonies, whereas their body size was significantly smaller. Observations in the laboratory suggest that the smaller gamergates were preferentially transported during colonial budding.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Insectes sociaux 40 (1993), S. 163-167 
    ISSN: 1420-9098
    Keywords: Amblyopone ; ants ; communication ; foraging ; recruitment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Group recruitment during foraging was observed in a primitive ponerine ant,Amblyopone sp. (reclinata group) under laboratory condition. Workers searched for prey singly; however, if a item of prey was stung by a worker, other ants joined the attack. After the prey became immobile, one of the workers laid a trail directly toward the nest. This scout worker recruited additional workers (between 3 and 33). They formed a single file procession to the point of prey capture, and cooperatively transported the prey. A scout worker could stimulate nest workers to leave the nest without direct contact, and the recruited workers could trace the trail without guidance by the scout worker. This is the first report of recruitment behavior during foraging in the primitive antAmblyopone.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1432-1793
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Speciments of the red frog crab, Ranina ranina, examined in this study were collected off Hachijojima, Japan from 1987–1988 and 1990–1991. Ovigerous females occurred from May to September, and their carapace length ranged from 61.8 to 102.1 mm. Minimum size at the maturity was estimated to be 50 to 60 mm carapace length. The lobule-type ovary had a longitudinal ovarian cavity at the center. Germinal zones were located along the sides of the cavity. Oogenesis was divided into five main and ten detailed stages: proliferation (oogonium); previtellogenesis (bouquet, early chromatin nucleolus, late chromatin nucleolus); primary vitellogenesis (oil globule and yolk granule); secondary vitellogenesis (primary yolk platelet, secondary yolk platelet and prematuration); and maturation (maturation) stages. Vitellogenesis started at the oil globule stage when weakly positive periodic acid-Schiff granules appear in the cytoplasm. Based on the gonadosomatic index and histological changes in ovary, the reproductive cycle was divided into five stages: multiplication, from December to January; developing, from February to March; ripe in April and early May; spawning, from late May to August; and recovery, from August to November. Each crab spawned more than once during the spawning season.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Acta mechanica solida Sinica 7 (1994), S. 245-255 
    ISSN: 0894-9166
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The response of cracked bodies subjected to loading was investigated by the boundary element method in this paper. The two-law elastic-cohesive-softening model was used for crack propagation analysis. The interface conditions for uncracked, craze, open crack, adhesive crack and slid crack parts were discussed and the corresponding incremental iteration algorithm was given. A simplified damage propagation model was presented. The technique has been applied to some specific examples which give the evidence that the method is satisfactory and efficient.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 67 (2002), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: : Models were constructed to predict sensory evaluation scores from the blending ratio of coffee beans. Twenty-two blended coffees were prepared from 3 representative beans and were evaluated with respect to 10 sensory attributes by 5 coffee cup-tasters and by models constructed using the response surface method (RSM), multiple regression analysis (MRA), and a fuzzy neural network (FNN). The RSM and MRA models showed good correlations for some sensory attributes, but lacked sufficient overall accuracy. The FNN model exhibited high correlations for all attributes, clearly demonstrated the relationships between blending ratio and flavor characteristics, and was accurate enough for practical use. FNN, thus, constitutes a powerful tool for accelerating product development.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Amsterdam : Elsevier
    Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 233 (1984), S. 830-837 
    ISSN: 0003-9861
    Source: Elsevier Journal Backfiles on ScienceDirect 1907 - 2002
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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