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  • 2000-2004  (7)
  • 1985-1989  (13)
  • 1945-1949  (4)
  • 1925-1929  (4)
  • 1
    ISSN: 1365-2036
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Chronic ingestion of bile-acid sequestrants has been shown to decrease the serum cholesterol concentration and coronary events in hypercholesterolaemic patients. To develop improved sequestrants, a rapid, convenient method for testing the bile-acid binding efficacy of sequestrants is needed. Serum bile-acid concentrations could be used to detect bile-acid binding by an administered sequestrant, since the serum bile-acid concentration is determined largely by the rate of intestinal absorption in healthy individuals. To test this, serum bile-acid concentrations were measured at frequent intervals over 24 h in five otherwise healthy hypercholesterolaemic subjects during the ingestion of three standard meals, with or without the addition of 5 g colestipol granules administered 30 min before each meal.Total serum bile-acid concentration was measured with a previously reported bioluminescent enzymic assay, that uses a 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase, an oxido-reductase, and a bacterial luciferase co-immobilized on to Sepharose beads. Bile acids in 1 ml of serum were isolated by solid-phase extraction chromatography with reversed-phase C18 cartridges.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 7 (1928), S. 2043-2045 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Es wird gezeigt, da\, wieBÜrger bereits vermutet, die Arbeitshyperglykämie mit zunehmendem Training immer geringer wird und schlie\lich verschwindet. Ferner wird gezeigt, da\ allmählich die Hypoglykämie abklingt, so da\ wir endlich bei gut trainiertem Individuum einen geraden Verlauf der Arbeitsblutzuckerkurve finden.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of molecular medicine 7 (1928), S. 59-63 
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1432-1440
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: PACS: 82.20.Kh; 82.40.Js; 82.20.Hf
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. For the ultrafast photoinduced ring opening of cyclohexadiene the S1 state plays a central role, providing the possibility to rapidly decay to the ground state. In this paper we follow the path of a wavepacket propagating in the reactive coordinate space of the S1 surface. We present a detailed analysis of the corresponding electronic and nuclear motions. With the help of a projection method and a normal-mode analysis, the vibrational modes driving the reaction might be detected experimentally.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 98 (1988), S. 408-416 
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The Ascutney Mountain complex of eastern Vermont, USA, is a composite epizonal pluton of genetically related gabbro to granite intrusives. Nd isotopic data are reported for mafic rocks, granites, and nearby country rock. The parental mafic magma producing the complex 122 m.y. ago had 87Sr/86Sr=0.7039, 143Nd/144Nd=0.512678 (ɛ Nd=+3.8) and δ 18O=6.1‰, indicating a mantle source with time-integrated lithophile element depletion. Uniform initial radiogenic isotope ratios for granites, which are undistinguishable from those for the most primitive gabbro, suggest that the granite magma evolved from the mafic magma without crustal contamination and that the increase in δ 18O, to about 7.8‰, is the result of fractional crystallization. Mafic rocks show a large range in initial 143Nd/144Nd ratio, from about 0.51267 to 0.51236 (ɛ Nd= +3.7 to −2.5), which is correlated with elevated 87Sr/86Sr ratios and δ 18O. These data substantiate the production of mafic lithologies by fractional crystallization of the parental magma accompanied by assimilation of up to about 50% crust. The local country rocks include gneiss and schist and assimilation involved representatives of both rock types. The isotopic and chemical relationships preclude derivation from a single batch of magma undergoing contamination and indicate that a large magma body at depth evolved largely by fractionation with batches of melt issued from this chamber being variably contaminated at higher levels or at the level of emplacement. The Precambrian gneisses of the Chester dome and overlying lower Paleozoic schists have essentially identical Nd isotope systematics which suggest a crustal formation age of about 1.6. b.y. The parental sediments for the schists were apparently derived from a protolith similar to the gneissic basement without appreciable Sm/Nd fractionation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Contributions to mineralogy and petrology 97 (1987), S. 31-42 
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The Ivrea zone represents a tilted cross section through deep continental crust. Sm-Nd isotopic data for peridotites from Baldissero and Balmuccia and for a suite of gabbros from the mafic formation adjacent to the Balmuccia peridotite provide evidence for an event of partial melting 607±19 Ma ago in an extended mantle source with ɛ 607 Nd =+0.4±0.3. The peridotites are interpreted as the corresponding melt residue, the lower part of the mafic formation as the complementary melts which underwent further differentiation immediately after extraction. The Finero body represents a complex with layers of phlogopite peridotite, hornblende peridotite, and amphibole-rich gabbro. The isotopic signatures fall into two groups: (1) highly radiogenic Nd and low-radiogenic Sr characterize the phlogopite-free, amphibole-rich rocks, whereas (2) low-radiogenic Nd and highly radiogenic Sr is found in ultramafics affected by “phlogopite metasomatism”. Phlogopite metasomatism in the Ivrea zone is dated by a Rb-Sr whole rock isochron yielding 293±13 Ma. It was fed by K-rich fluids which were probably derived from metasediments. The high initial ɛ 293 Nd value of about +7.5 for phlogopite-free samples indicates a high time-integrated Sm/Nd ratio in the Finero protolith 293 Ma ago. Sm-Nd analyses of metapelites from the paragneiss series yield Proterozoic “crustal residence ages” of 1.2 to 1.8 Ga. Internal Sm-Nd isochrons for three garnetiferous rocks show that closure of garnet at temperatures around 600° C or even lower occurred about 250 Ma ago.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1432-0967
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Apparent crustal residence ages indicated by Nd model age data for metamorphic rocks, sediments and granitoids of the Hercynian Fold Belt of Europe vary from 1.3 Ga to 3.0 Ga, but are mainly in the range 1.4–1.7 Ga. 2 Ga basement inliers have been documented previously in northern Spain and islands off northwestern France but, in addition to these, old (∼2–3 Ga) model ages are found along the southern margin of the fold belt. These do not identify old inliers but are interpreted to represent Archeanearly Proterozoic crustal components recycled from a southern source. The Nd data, when considered together with the surface geology and recent single-grain zircon ion microprobe data, argue against a binary mixing of Archean components with new Palaeozoic crustal additions to generate the main 1.4–1.7 Ga model age population. Hercynian Europe comprise mainly recycled Proterozoic components although significant new Palaeozoic additions as well as Archean contributions are indicated. Nd and Sr isotopic data together with previous chemical and petrographic observations allow the recognition of a northern belt of continent margin I-type granitoids grading southwards to inner continent S-type plutons in the eastern half of the fold belt. This felsic plutonic association is used to infer a Hercynian plate configuration involving the attachment of the fold belt to a southern parent cratonic block that the model age data suggest may be of early Proterozoic-Archean age.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1433-0458
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Mikrokerntest ; Feldkanzerisierung ; Biomonitoring ; Prävention ; Key words Micronucleus ; Assay ; Fieldcancerisation ; Biomonitoring ; Prevention
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract A lot of different endogenous and exogenous factors are accused to promote squamous cell carcinomas in the upper aerodigestive tract. Main risk factors are the chronic tobacco- and alkohol consumption. The fact, that many patients develop syn- or metachronic carcinomas in this area was first described by Slaughter et al. 1953 and explained with the phenomenon of field cancerisation. Concerning to this hypothesis the whole mucosa of the upper aerodigestive-tract is premalignant damaged. In our study the micronucleus-frequency was determined as a biomarker for the genetic injury to prove the fieldcancerisation on the cellular level at 159 people (control-group, abuser, patients with HNSCC). Our results confirm the hypothesis of fieldcancerisation of the mucosa of the upper aerodigestiv-tract at strong tobacco- and alkohol consumers and patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. Furthermore there is a highly statistically significant correlation between increasing micronucleus frequency and increasing tobacco abuse. As a final result of our study the micronucleus assay seems to be of good value to show a genotoxic damage in healthy mucosa at people with a high risk to develop HNSCC, but it's not usable to give any answer if and when such carcinomas arise.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Unterschiedliche endogene und exogene Faktoren werden für die Entstehung von Plattenepithelkarzinomen des Oropharynx und Larynx verantwortlich gemacht. Die Hauptrisikofaktoren sind jedoch der chronische Tabak- und Alkoholabusus. Viele Patienten mit Mundhöhlen-, Rachen- oder Kehlkopfkarzinomen erkranken an syn- oder metachronen Zweitkarzinomen. Erklärt wurde dieses Phänomen erstmals von Slaughter et al. 1953 mit dem Konzept der Feldkanzerisierung. Hiernach wird die gesamte Schleimhaut des oberen Aerodigestivtraktes durch die oben genannten Schadstoffe als Ergebnis eines mehrstufigen Prozesses von genetischen Fehlern oder Mutationen prämaligne verändert. Statistisch gesehen steigt mit der Anzahl der Mutationen die Wahrscheinlichkeit des Eintretens spezifischer persistierender DNA – Modifikationen in einem für die Kanzerisierung wichtigen DNA-Abschnitt. In der durchgeführten Untersuchung wurde die Mikrokern (MK-)frequenz in der Wangenschleimhaut als Maß für die genetische Schädigung zur Erkennung der Feldkanzerisierung bestimmt. Die Ergebnisse unserer Untersuchung bestätigen die epidemiologischen Erkenntnisse des Zusammenhangs von Tabakabusus und einer Feldkanzerisierung im Kopf-Hals-Bereich. Ebenfalls zeigte sich ein hochsignifikanter Zusammenhang zwischen der Menge und Dauer des Tabakabusus und der Mikrokernbildung. Mit Hilfe der logistischen Regression konnte gezeigt werden, dass das relative Risiko bei rauchenden Probanden mit mehr als 0.0195 MK/Schleimhautzelle an einem Kopf-Hals-Karzinom zu erkranken, um das 8,04fache erhöht ist. Der Mikrokerntest scheint nach unseren Ergebnissen ein geeignetes Verfahren zu sein, im Sinne eines Biomonitorings Veränderungen am genetischen Endpunkt nachzuweisen; er erlaubt aber keine Aussagen, ob und wann es tatsächlich zu einer Entartung kommen wird.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1433-044X
    Keywords: Schlüsselwörter Knochentransplantate ; Knochendesinfektion ; Knochensterilisation ; Osteoblast ; Biokompatibilität ; Key words Bone graft ; Bone desinfection ; Bone sterilization ; Osteoblast ; Biokompatibility
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract All sterilizatian and desinfection procedures for bone grafts are different in regard to influence of bone graft features, which may influence the function of different cell types. We used an in-vitro approach to assess the influence of bone matrix, which was sterilized or desinfected, on osteoblastic activities in-vitro by simulating a cell-transplant-interface. Primary bovine osteoblast cell cultures were established from periosteum. Bone grafts specimens made of bovine cortical bone (Ø 15 mm, 300 μm thickness) were treated in 5 different ways: autoclaved, ethylen-oxid-sterilized, demineralized and low-temperature-plasma-sterilized (DEM-LTP), chemically sterilized (modified Tutoplast® method), and 80°C-temperature desinfected. The following cell function parameters were assayed: plating efficiency proliferation by measuring the DNA-content, and MTT-activity, soluble protein and extracellular matrix synthesis, alkaline phosphatase, and osteocalcin expression. All desinfected bone grafts were biocompatable with primary periosteal osteoblasts. Measured cell activities upon bone specimens showed better results than cells of the plastic surface control. The DEM-LTP-bone showed better results in comparison to other groups, and stimulated the proliferation and differentiation.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Unterschiedliche Sterilisations- und Desinfektionsverfahren für Knochentransplantate unterscheiden sich bezüglich ihres Einflusses auf die Eigenschaften des Transplantats, die für den Remodelingprozeß von größter Bedeutung sind. In dieser Arbeit wurde der Einfluß der unterschiedlich sterilisierten und desinfizierten Knochenmatrix auf die Funktion primärer periosaler Osteoblasten in vitro untersucht. Folgende Desinfektionsverfahren wurden getestet: Autoklavierung, von uns modifizierte Tutoplast®-Methode, demineralisiertes Knochentransplantat mit anschließender Niedrig-Temperatur-Plasmasterilisation (DKM-NTP), 80°C-Thermodesinfektion und Ethylenoxidsterilisation. Isolierte bovine Osteoblasten wurden auf behandelten Knochenproben kultiviert. Folgende Parameter wurden geprüft: plating efficiency, Proliferation, DNA-Gehalt, MTT-Aktivität, Aktivität alkalischer Phosphatase, Proteinsynthese und Osteokalzin-Expression. Alle untersuchten Konchentransplantate waren biokompatibel mit primären periostalen Osteoblasten. Eindeutig toxischer Effekt wurde beim ethylenoxidsterilisierten Knoche nach 2tägiger Auslüftung nachgewiesen. Die Differenzierungsparameter zeigten deutlich höhere Werte in allen Testgruppen im Vergleich zur Plastikkontrolloberfläche, wobei die DKM-NTP-Gruppe stets die höchsten Werte aufwies und einen induktiven Effekt auf die Proliferation und die Differenzierung der Osteoblasten in vitro zeigte. Die Untersuchung wurde mit organspezifischen Zellen durchgeführt, die einen unveränderten Osteoblastenphäntyp aufwiesen. Die unterschiedlichen Knochendesinfektionsverfahren sind auf diese Weise zum 1. Mal getestet worden. Ethisch problematische Tierversuche zur Prüfung der Toxizität, der Biokompatibilität und der induktiven Eigenschaften von behandelten Knochentransplantaten können durch Verwendung dieser Methode erspart werden.
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