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  • 2000-2004  (6)
  • 1985-1989  (3)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Highly oriented indium tin oxide films for high efficiency organic light-emitting diodes (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 91 (2002), S. 5371-5376 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Highly oriented indium tin oxide (ITO) thin films were grown by pulsed-laser deposition (PLD) on glass and single-crystal yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) substrates. The structural, electrical, and optical properties of these films were investigated as a function of oxygen partial pressure. Films were deposited at substrate temperature of 300 °C in mixed gases (12 mTorr of argon and 1–50 mTorr of oxygen) using a KrF excimer laser (248 nm and 30 ns full width at half maximum) at a fluence of 1.2 J/cm2. ITO films (300 nm thick), deposited by PLD on YSZ at 300 °C in a gas mixture of 12 mTorr of argon and 6 mTorr of oxygen, exhibit a low electrical resistivity (1.6×10−4 Ω cm) with a high transparency (∼74%) at 550 nm. ITO films deposited on both glass and YSZ substrates have been used as an anode contact in organic light-emitting diodes. A comparison of the device performance for the two substrates shows that the device fabricated on the ITO/YSZ has a higher external quantum efficiency than that of the device fabricated on the ITO glass.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1461068
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Time-of-flight study of the ionic and neutral particles produced by pulsed-laser ablation of frozen glycerol (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 90 (2001), S. 3623-3631 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The emitted particles from pulsed-laser ablation (PLA), λ=193 nm and fluence=88–400 mJ/cm2, of frozen glycerol was examined using time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The data are analyzed using supersonic molecular-beam theory and the result is interpreted using a thermal/fluid-dynamic model. Both intact and fragmented glycerol are emitted in the PLA process at all fluences and their concentration ratio is fluence dependent. Fragmentation occurs predominantly at one of the C–C bonds forming CH2–OH (31 amu) and HO–CH2–CH–OH (61 amu). CH3 is produced at the target which requires the protonation of a CH2 fragment. At fluences higher than 250 mJ/cm2, ions are detected. These ions have very high velocity, 〉2000 m/s, and their intensity increases with fluences. PLA is thus not suitable for glycerol transfer under these conditions due to fragmentation. The data show that particle emission proceeds as a simple thermal vaporization process at fluences 〈200 mJ/cm2. Higher fluences will yield a Knudsen layer (KL), which is formed in front of the target surface. For fluences 〉300 mJ/cm2, particles from the KL go through unsteady adiabatic expansion prior to free flight. Models of particle and ion formation and interaction are proposed and discussed. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1398068
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Laser-based processing of polymer nanocomposites for chemical sensing applications (2001)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 89 (2001), S. 5739-5746 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) has been used to fabricate polymer/carbon nanocomposite thin films for use in chemical sensors (chemiresistors). Ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA) films (undoped and 20% carbon by weight) were deposited using an ArF excimer laser (193 nm) at fluences between 150 and 300 mJ/cm2. The structure and morphology of the deposited films were characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman scattering, and transmission and scanning electron microscopy (TEM). An analysis of the FTIR spectra indicates that a film deposited using an undoped EVA target is primarily polyethylene, suggesting that the acetate group is photochemically or photothermally removed from the starting material. Gas phase measurements of the laser-evaporated material using a quadrupole time of flight mass spectrometer confirm the production of the acetyl radical on the target surface. Analysis of TEM of films deposited using C-doped targets shows that the carbon black particles (initially 50 nm particles in 1 μm agglomerates) are broken down into particles that are ≤50 nm in the deposited film. Incorporation of carbon into the target reduces the degree of photochemical damage of the starting material, as shown in the FTIR spectra of the deposited film. The sensitivity and response time of chemiresistors fabricated from 6 μm thick composite films on top of gold electrodes were measured using toluene vapor (548 ppm). The chemiresistors exhibited a reversible and fast (〈1.3 s) response to the vapor. In comparison to data reported in the literature, chemiresistors fabricated from PLD films are significantly better than devices fabricated using a more conventional polymer film growth technique. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1362405
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of film thickness on the properties of indium tin oxide thin films (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 88 (2000), S. 6021-6025 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Transparent conducting indium tin oxide (ITO) thin films (40–870 nm) were grown by pulsed laser deposition on amorphous substrates and the structural, electrical, and optical properties of these films were investigated. Films were deposited using a KrF excimer laser (248 nm, 30 ns FWHM) at a fluence of 2 J/cm2, at substrate temperature of 300 °C and 10 mTorr of oxygen pressure. For ITO films (30–400 nm thickness) deposited at 300 °C in 10 mTorr of oxygen, a resistivity of 1.8–2.5×10−4 Ω cm was observed and the average transmission in the visible range (400–700 nm) was about 85%–90%. The Hall mobility and carrier density for ITO films (40–870 nm thickness) were observed to be in the range of 24–27 cm2/V s and 8–13×1020 cm−3, respectively. The ITO films have been used as the anode contact in organic light emitting diodes and the effect of ITO film thickness on the device performance has been studied. The optimum thickness of the ITO anode for the maximum device efficiency was observed to be about 60–100 nm. The device with the optimum thickness of ITO anode showed an external quantum efficiency of about 0.85% at 100 A/m2. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1318368
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Resonant infrared pulsed-laser deposition of a sorbent chemoselective polymer (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 79 (2001), S. 2847-2849 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Fluoropolyol, a sorbent chemoselective polymer, has been deposited as a thin film by resonant infrared pulsed laser deposition using a free electron laser operating at 2.90 μm, a wavelength resonant with the hydroxl stretch. A comparison of the infrared absorbance of the deposited film and starting material shows no evidence of chemical decomposition in the film. Gel permeation chromatography shows that the film and starting material have nearly the same molar mass. The results are particularly applicable to the fabrication of chemical and biological sensors. The concept of resonant pulsed laser deposition using intrinsic vibrational modes may have wide applicability for organic materials. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1406556
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Indium tin oxide thin films grown on flexible plastic substrates by pulsed-laser deposition for organic light-emitting diodes (2001)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Applied Physics Letters 79 (2001), S. 284-286 
    Details
    ISSN: 1077-3118
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Transparent conducting indium tin oxide (ITO) thin films were grown by pulsed laser deposition (PLD) on flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) substrates. The structural, electrical, and optical properties of these films were investigated as a function of substrate deposition temperature and background gas pressure. ITO films (200 nm thick), deposited by PLD on PET at 25 °C and 45 mTorr of oxygen, exhibit high optical transparency (∼87%) in the visible (400–700 nm) with a low electrical resistivity of 7×10−4 Ω cm. ITO films grown by PLD on PET were used as the anode contact in organic light-emitting devices. A luminous power efficiency of ∼1.6 lm/W was achieved at 100 cd/m2, slightly higher than that (∼1.5 lm/W) measured for the control device based on a sputter-deposited ITO on glass. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1383568
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The geomagnetic mass spectrometer— mass and energy dispersions of ionospheric ion flows into the magnetosphere (1985)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 316 (1985), S. 612-613 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The two DE satellites were launched into co-planar polar orbits on 3 August 1981; DEI being in a highly elliptical orbit which carried it out to a geocentric distance, r, of 4.5 Earth radii (RE), while DE2 remained at altitudes below about 1,000km. During the first 18 months of the mission, the DEI ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/316612a0
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assignment of a human beta-crystallin gene to 17cen-q23 (1986)
    Springer
    Human genetics 〈Berlin〉 74 (1986), S. 133-136 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1203
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The gene map assignment of a human beta-crystallin gene to 17cen-q23 has been made using a bovine probe in the study of human-mouse and human-Chinese hamster somatic cell hybrids containing parts of human chromosome 17.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00282076
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Double-diffusive convection in a circular cylinder (1987)
    Springer
    Acta mechanica 70 (1987), S. 177-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 1619-6937
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Summary A theoretical study is made of the onset of steady double-diffusive convection in a circular cylinder of small to moderate aspect ratio. An eigenfunction expansion method is used to derive systems of amplitude equations for weakly nonlinear evolution of critical disturbances. It is shown that the nature of the convective solution near criticality depends strongly on the cylinder's aspect ratio; this is particularly the case at or near aspect ratios where two modes become unstable at the same Rayleigh number. There is also a strong dependence on Prandtl number, which is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01174654
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