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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Intrapartum infusion of aqueous glucose solution, transplacental hyponatraemia and risk of neonatal jaundice (1984)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    BJOG 91 (1984), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1471-0528
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary. Cord serum sodium levels in three groups of 278 singleton infants, born vaginally at term, were correlated with the incidence of jaundice (serum bilirubin ≥85 μmol/1) in the first 3 days of life. Of the 278 infants, 87 were born to mothers who were given infusions of 5% or 10% glucose in water during labour (group I), 90 were born to mothers who received glucose solution as a vehicle for oxytocin (group II), and 101 to mothers who did not receive any intravenous fluid therapy (control group). Jaundice was seen significantly more frequently in groups I (28/87, 32%) and II infants (30/90, 33%) than in the control group (12/101, 12%) (P〈0.01), but when analysed in relation to cord serum sodium levels, the prevalence of jaundice in the normonatraemic infants (serum sodium ≥131 mmol/1) was similar in the three groups. On the other hand, in groups I and II jaundice occurred about 3.5 times more frequently in the hyponatraemic infants [group I (17/32, 53%) and II (20/39, 51%)] than in the normonatraemic infants (P〈0.01). The difference was not associated with any other perinatal or neonatal characteristic.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1471-0528.1984.tb03680.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A facility for characterizing the dynamic mechanical behavior of thin membranes for microelectromechanical systems (2002)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 73 (2002), S. 2067-2072 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A bulge testing system capable of applying static and dynamic loads to thin film membranes is described. The bulge tester consists of a sealed cavity, filled with a fluid, bounded on the bottom by a circular stainless steel diaphragm and on the top by the thin film membrane of interest. An actuator is used to apply either a static or a periodic force to the stainless steel diaphragm. The force is transmitted through the water to the thin film membrane. This facility provides for both accelerated lifetime testing and simulated service environment testing. The thin film membranes tested are composite stacks consisting of thin films of silicon, glass, metallic electrodes, and lead-zirconate-titanate. Pressure and deflection of a membrane are acquired simultaneously during loading. An image capture system coupled with an interferometer provides the means to capture interferograms of deflected membranes during both static and dynamic testing conditions. Images are then postprocessed to construct deflection versus pressure relationships, which can be used to extract materials' properties. Accelerated lifetime testing is performed by subjecting the thin film membranes to cyclic loading at strain levels 45%–90% of the static failure strains. In simulated service environment testing thin film membranes are subjected to cyclic loading over a range of frequencies. For a given applied force, as the resonant frequency is approached the dynamic behavior of the thin film structures vary significantly from that observed for static loading. At resonance the deflection of a thin film membrane is almost three times that of a statically deflected membrane subjected to the same applied force. © 2002 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1470227
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Low-temperature infrared spectrum of chlorine nitrate and evidence for the existence of chlorine nitrate (ClOONO) (1983)
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    The @journal of physical chemistry 〈Washington, DC〉 87 (1983), S. 1091-1093 
    Details
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/j100230a001
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of adenosine receptors mediating the vasodilator effects of adenosine receptor agonists in the microvasculature of the hamster cheek pouch in vivo (2002)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Autonomic & autacoid pharmacology 22 (2002), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1474-8673
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: 1 The aim of this study was to characterize the adenosine receptor mediating vasodilation in the microvasculature of the hamster cheek pouch in vivo. A range of adenosine agonists was used including N6-cyclopentyladenosine (CPA) (A1 agonist), 5′-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine (NECA) (non-selective), 2-chloroadenosine (2CADO) (non-selective), 2-p-(2-carboxyethyl)-phenethylamino-5′-N-ethylcarboxamidoadenosine (CGS 21680) (A2A agonist), N6-(3-iodobenzyl)-adenosine-5′-N-methyluronamide (IBMECA) (A3 agonist) and adenosine, as well as the adenosine antagonists 8-sulphophenyltheophylline (8-SPT) (A1/A2 antagonist), 1,3-dipropyl-8-cyclopentylxanthine (DPCPX) (A1 antagonist) and 4-(2-[7-amino-2-(2-furyl)[1,2,4]-triazolo[2,3-a][1,3,5]triazin-5-ylamino]ethyl)phenol (ZM 241385) (A2A antagonist). 2 All the adenosine analogues used induced vasodilation at concentrations between 10 nm and 1 μm, and the potency order was NECA 〉 CGS 21680 〉 2CADO 〉 CPA=IBMECA 〉〉 adenosine, indicating an action at A2A receptors. 8-SPT (50 μm) antagonized vasodilator responses to NECA with an apparent pKB of 5.4, consistent with an action at A1 or A2 receptors and confirming that A3 receptors are not involved in this response. 3 DPCPX (10 nm) had no effect on vasodilation evoked by NECA, suggesting that this response was not mediated via A1 receptors, while ZM 241385 (10 nm) antagonized dilator responses to NECA with an apparent pKB of 8.9 consistent with an action via A2A receptors. 4 Overall these results suggest that adenosine A2A receptors mediate vasodilation in the hamster cheek pouch in vivo.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1474-8673.2002.00259.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparison of the forces exerted during laryngoscopy using disposable and non-disposable laryngoscope blades (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Anaesthesia 58 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The concern that re-usable equipment may be a source of cross-infection has prompted the increased use of disposable laryngoscope blades. We conducted a study investigating the duration of laryngoscopy and the peak force generated using various laryngoscope blades. Five blades were studied: one reusable Macintosh 3 blade, one disposable metal blade and three plastic disposable blades. Sixty anaesthetists performed laryngoscopy on a mannequin using each of the five blades presented in a random order. This was then repeated with a rigid collar applied to the mannequin. The mean force applied with the collar off with the metal blades was 32.8 and 30.8 N, and with the plastic blades 37.3, 39.6 and 41.5 N, respectively (p 〈 0.0001). The mean force applied with the collar on with the metal blades was 30.5 and 32.5 N, and with the plastic blades 35.5, 34.9 and 31.4 N, respectively (p 〈 0.0001). The mean duration of laryngoscopy with the collar off for the metal blades was 5.6 and 5.4 s, and with the plastic blades 10, 7.2 and 7.5 s (p 〈 0.0001). The duration of laryngoscopy with the collar applied for the metal blades was 7.1 and 7.5 s, and with the plastic blades 11.8, 9.7 and 9.0 s (p 〈 0.0001). The use of plastic blades results in both greater peak force and duration of laryngoscopy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2044.2003.03340.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fluorine compounds in anaesthesia (9) (1982)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Anaesthesia 37 (1982), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Six heavily fluorinated aliphatic compounds and four heavily fluorinated derivatives of diethyl ether have been examined as anaesthetics, using mice. Two compounds are felt to be worth further examination. These are 1,1,1,-trifiuoro-2,2-dichIoroethane (halothane with the bromine atom replaced by a second chlorine) and 1,1,2,2,4,5,5-heptafluoro-3-oxapentane (ordinary diethyl ether with seven hydrogen atoms replaced by fluorine).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1982.tb01099.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An evaluation of the modified Airway Management Device (2003)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Anaesthesia 58 (2003), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: We evaluated the modified Airway Management Device (AMDTM) in 60 spontaneously breathing anaesthetised patients. The insertion and removal of the device was very easy and atraumatic. The airway was secured on the first attempt in 41 patients (70%; 95% CI 57–80%). The most important problem was loss of airway, which occurred in 11 patients (19%; 11–30%) during maintenance of anaesthesia. The AMD was dislodged during maintenance in one patient. There was a loss of the airway in 12 patients (20%; 12–31%); in 10, it was maintained with simple airway manoeuvres or a laryngeal mask airway and tracheal intubation was required in two patients. Ten of these patients were male and two were female; the failure rate was 33% (12–31%) among the male patients and 6% (2–22%) among the female patients. The cuff volumes ranged from 4 ml to 80 ml and cuff pressures from 6 cm H2O to 92 cm H2O. Blood was seen on removal in three patients (6%; 2–16%) and nine patients (18%; 10–30%) experienced sore throat after removal of the device.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2044.2003.03185.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Cardiff paediatric laryngoscope blade: a comparison with the Miller size 1 and Macintosh size 2 laryngoscope blades (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Anaesthesia 59 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: The Cardiff paediatric laryngoscope blade is a single blade that has been designed for use in children from birth to adolescence. This open, randomised, crossover study compared the Cardiff blade with the straight, size 1, Miller laryngoscope blade in 39 infants under 1 years of age and the curved, size 2, Macintosh blade in 39 children aged 1–16 years. The same laryngoscopic view was obtained with the Cardiff and Miller blades in 26 patients; the view was better with the Cardiff blade in seven patients and better with the Miller blade in six (median (IQR [range]) grade of laryngoscopy 1 (1–2 [1–3]) vs. 1 (1–2 [1–3]), respectively; p = 0.405). The Cardiff blade was faster at gaining a view than the Miller blade (mean (SD) time 8.5 (2.9) s vs. 10.2 (3.5) s, respectively; 95% CI for difference −2.8 to −0.4; p = 0.009). The Cardiff and Macintosh blades produced the same view in 32 patients; the view was better with the Cardiff blade in seven patients (median (IQR [range]) grade of laryngoscopy 1 (1–1 [1–3]) vs. 1 (1–2 [1–3]), respectively; p = 0.008). There was no difference in time to gain these views: mean (SD) 8.7 (3.0) s vs. 9.3 (2.7) s, respectively (95% CI for difference −1.58 to 0.40; p = 0.237). The Cardiff paediatric laryngoscope blade compares favourably with these two established laryngoscope blades in children.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.2004.03839.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The double ‘tails-up’ capnograph (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Anaesthesia 59 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.2004.03954.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparison of 8% and 12% sevoflurane for inhalation induction in adults (2004)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    Anaesthesia 59 (2004), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-2044
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Sevoflurane is a non-pungent volatile anaesthetic agent with a low blood-gas solubility coefficient. It has been studied in concentrations of up to 8% for induction of anaesthesia. Previous work has suggested that there may be a ceiling effect with increasing concentration of sevoflurane above 6%, but there are no published studies using 12% sevoflurane. This study compared 8 and 12% sevoflurane to induce anaesthesia in adults. Sevoflurane was administered using two adapted datum vaporisers with the interlock removed. Induction with 12% sevoflurane compared to 8% sevoflurane produced a significant decrease in the time to achieve central pupils, corresponding to surgical anaesthesia and the third part of Guedel's stage 3 of anaesthesia (mean time (SD) 201 s (81) and 247 s (39), respectively, p 〈 0.05). Twelve-percent sevoflurane produced a similar stable cardiovascular profile to 8% sevoflurane, and there was no increase in respiratory complications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.2004.03481.x
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