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  • 2000-2004
  • 1980-1984  (18)
  • Inorganic Chemistry  (15)
  • glioblastoma multiforme  (2)
  • Binucleate cells  (1)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Anatomy and embryology 158 (1980), S. 361-370 
    ISSN: 1432-0568
    Keywords: Ovine placenta ; Cell migration ; Binucleate cells
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Summary The maternofetal interface in the placentomes of the sheep placenta consists of a fetal cellular chorion layer whose apical microvilli interdigitate with those of a syncytial layer which borders the maternal connective tissue. Most of the granulated binucleate cells found in the chorion epithelium reach neither its basement membrane nor its microvillar junction apex. However, up to one fifth of the binucleate cells can be shown to be part of or push pseudopodia across the microvillar junction or are located within the syncytium. The syncytium and chorionic binucleate cells both have a nuclear chromatin structure and distinctive cytoplasmic granules which are not found in any other placental cells. This suggests that most, if not all, of the syncytium is derived by fusion of fetal binucleate cells which have migrated across the microvillar junction from the chorion, and that the immunological maternofetal junction does not lie between chorion and syncytial layers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of neuro-oncology 1 (1983), S. 225-236 
    ISSN: 1573-7373
    Keywords: astrocytoma ; glioblastoma multiforme ; hyperthermia ; microwaves ; radiation therapy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The technical feasibility and clinical safety of interstitial microwave hyperthermia was evaluated in six patients with glioblastoma and malignant astrocytoma. Prior to entry into the study, each patient had received surgery, radiation and nitrosourea chemotherapy. All patients were implanted at open craniotomy with a flexible microwave radiator/sensor (o.d. 1.5 mm) and transcutaneously connected to a 2450 MHz microwave generator. Intraoperative thermal field plots and cooling curves were obtained with the aid of non-perturbing probes (o.d. 1.2 mm) perpendicularly driven into the tumor at fixed radial distances from the central antenna. In comparison to similar measurements carried out in normal feline brains, human gliomas were unable to efficiently dissipate heat as demonstrated by doubling of the effective diameter of the thermal field to 4 cm and by prolongation of the decay time in all cooling curves. Patients were also implanted with subarachnoid ICP monitors over the contralateral hemisphere. Two postoperative treatments were given at 45°C for 60 min on the night of surgery and 48 hr later. No patient was aware of power on/ power off, there were no permanent neurologic sequelae and there were no significant changes in the ICP. Power was manually controlled with visual feedback in the first three patients and automatically controlled by a computer-based system in the final three patients. Four of the six patients have lived 18 months after implantation and two of these have negative CT scans at 18 and 27 months since recurrence. It appears that interstitial microwave hyperthermia is both feasible and safe within the intracranial cavity and that combined interstitial irradiation and hyperthermia deserves clinical study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1573-7373
    Keywords: brachytherapy ; glioblastoma multiforme ; interstitial irradiation ; in vivo dosimetry ; Iridium-192 ; temporary implant ; malignant astrocytoma
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A preclinical evaluation of the technical details and dosimetry for temporary high intensity 192Ir brain implants is presented. The canine brain was used for this quality assurance study in which direct in vivo dose measurements were done by thermoluminescent dosimetry (TLD rods). Precise and reproducible positioning of the TLD rods and 192Ir ribbons were assured by simple accessories which can be utilized in the clinical situation. The neurosurgical procedure for this non-routine interstitial implant of the brain, suitability of type and size of afterloading cannulas and facility for firmly anchoring them to the scalp, and comparison of measured doses with computer-predicted values are details assured by the canine study. Agreement between the in vivo determination and computer-generated doses was consistently in the range 2–5%. Data derived from this preclinical evaluation are currently used in both stereotactic and non-stereotactic brain implants at our institution. Details are presented for the implant procedure, dose measurements and brachytherapy planning for multiple ribbons. The latter incorporates direct interaction on computed tomography (CT) images for a hypothetical patient case.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: On the Existence of a Silaolefin: Synthesis and Crystal Structures of Wittig and Diels-Alder Products in Reactions of Lithiated (Fluorosilyl)diazasilacyclopentenes with Benzaldehyde and MethacroleinLithium salts of 1,2-diaza-3-sila-5-cyclopentenes react with fluorosilanes and aminofluorosilanes to give 4-(fluorosilyl)-substituted compounds 1 - 4. By reaction with tert-butyllithium 1 - 4 themselves form lithium salts 5 - 8, which react with fluorosilanes in a second substitution giving 9 and 10.5 and 7 undergo a Wittig-type reaction with benzaldehyde to form the benzylidene derivative 11. Spirocyclic Diels-Alder adducts (12, 13) are obtained from the reaction of 5 and 6 with 2-methyl-2-propenal. The propenylidene derivative 14 is formed as a by product. With excess 2-methyl-2-propenal, 12 reacts as a dienophile giving the oligocyclic Diels-Alder adducts 15 and 16. The crystal structures of 11 and 15 are reported.
    Notes: Lithiumsalze der 1,2-Diaza-3-sila-5-cyclopentene reagieren mit Fluorsilanen und Aminofluorsilanen zu den 4-(Fluorsilyl)-substituierten Verbindungen 1 - 4. In Reaktion mit tert-Butyllithium bilden 1 - 4 erneut Lithiumsalze (5 - 8), die mit Fluorsilanen unter Zweitsubstitution zu 9 und 10 reagieren. In Wittig-analoger Reaktion reagieren 5 und 7 mit Benzaldehyd zum Benzyliden-Derivat 11. Spirocyclische Diels-Alder-Addukte (12, 13) werden aus 5 und 6 mit 2-Methyl-2-propenal erhalten. Als Nebenprodukt entsteht das Propenyliden-Derivat 14. Mit überschüssigem Dien (2-Methyl-2-propenal) reagiert 12 als Dienophil zu den oligocyclischen Diels-Alder-Addukten 15 und 16. Kristallstrukturen von 11 und 15 werden mitgeteilt.
    Additional Material: 4 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 116 (1983), S. 290-298 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Synthesis of Cyclic Silylhydrazines - Crystal Structure of a Five-membered Cross Dimerisation ProductN,N-Bis(fluorosilyl)amines (1 - 3) react with dilithiated hydrazines to give four- and five-membered silylhydrazine rings (4 - 8). The isomerisation of a 3-(tert-butylamino)-1,3-diaza-2,4-disilacyclobutane (8) to a 1,2,4-triaza-3,5-disilacyclopentane (9) has been demonstrated. Lithium salts of silylhydrazines react with fluorosilanes to give substitution products (10 - 15). Dilithiated hydrazine reacts with Me2SiF2 yielding N(SiFMe2)3 (16). The formation of isomeric N-(fluorosilyl)-N,N′-bis(trimethylsilyl)- and N′-(fluorosilyl)-N,N-bis(trimethylsilyl)hydrazines has been accomplished via ring-closure reactions (17 - 19) and confirmed by the crystal structure determination of a five-membered ring cross dimer (19). The ten-membered bicyclic ring system (22) is obtained by the reaction of (14) with dilithiated hydrazine.
    Notes: N,N-Bis(fluorsilyl)amine (1 - 3) reagieren mit dilithiierten Hydrazinen zu vier- und fünfgliedrigen Silylhydrazinringen (4 - 8). Präparativ gelang der Nachweis der Isomerisierung eines 3-(tert-Butylamino)-1,3-diaza-2,4-disilacyclobutans (8) zum 1,2,4-Triaza-3,5-disilacyclopentan (9). Lithiumsalze von Silylhydrazinen reagieren mit Fluorsilanen unter Substitution (10 - 15). Dilithiiertes Hydrazin reagiert mit Me2SiF2 zu N(SiFMe2)3 (16). Die Bildung von isomeren N-(Fluorsilyl)-N,N′-bis(trimethylsilyl)- und N′-Fluorsilyl-N,N-bis(trimethylsilyl)hydrazinen wird durch Ringschlußreaktionen (17 - 19) nachgewiesen und durch die Kristallstrukturuntersuchung eines Kreuz-Dimeren-Fünfrings belegt (19). Der zehngliedrige Bicyclus 22 entsteht in der Reaktion des N,N′-Bis(fluordimethylsilyl)-N,N′-bis(trimethylsilyl)hydrazins(14) mit dilithiiertem Hydrazin.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 116 (1983), S. 724-731 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: N,N′-Dihalogenoethanediirnidoyl DifluoridesThe title compounds XN=CF—CF=NX (13, 14, X = Cl, Br) are prepared in a simple way from the three components (CN)2, X2, and HgF2. The N-halogenated amino- or iminoperfluoroethanes Cl2N—CF2—CF2—NCl2 (11), ClN=CF—CF2—NCl2 (12), BrN=CF—CF2—NBr2 (15) and Br2N—CF2—CF2—NBr2 (16) were identified as further products. The structure of 14 was determined from single-crystal X-ray data.
    Notes: Die Titelverbindungen XN=CF—CF=NX (13, 14, X = Cl, Br) lassen sich in einfacher Weise aus den drei Komponenten Dicyan, X2 und HgF2 gewinnen. Als weitere Produkte konnten die N-halogenierten Amino- bzw. Iminoperfluorethane Cl2N—CF2—CF2—NCl2 (11), ClN=CF-CF2—NCl2 (12), BrN=CF—CF2—NBr2 (15) und Br2N—CF2—CF2—NBr2 (16) nachgewiesen werden. Aus Einkristall-Röntgenbeugungsdaten wurde die Struktur von 14 bestimmt.
    Additional Material: 2 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Reactions of Metal and Metalloid Compounds with Polyfunctional Molecules, XXXVIII. The Reaction of Ethanediamides with BromodimethylboraneReactions of symmetrically substituted N,N′-dialkyl-(diaryl)ethanediamides A with bromodimethylborane are investigated. Reactions in the molar ratio of 1 : 2 yield the 2,6-dioxonia-4,8-diaza-3,7-diboratabicyclo[3.3.0]octanes 1a - j, the N,N′-bis(dimethylboryl)-N,N′-diorganylethanediamides 4a, b, and the equilibrium mixtures 3a - d. By-products are 2-oxonia-4-oxa-6-azonia-8-aza-3,7-diboratabicyclo[3.3.0]octanes 2a - j. By the reaction of N,N′-diorganylethanediamides with bromodimethylborane in the molar ratio 1 : 1 the 1-oxonia-3-aza-2-boratacyclopentan-4-one derivatives 5a - e, N-(dimethylboryl)-N,N′-diorganylethanediamides 6a - c, the equilibrium mixtures 7a - d, and the 5-(alkylamino)-4-(alkylimonio)-2,2-dimethyl-1-oxonia-3-oxa-2-boratacyclopentane bromides 8a - h are obtained. X-ray analyses have been carried out for 1a, 5a, e and 8b.
    Notes: Es werden Reaktionen symmetrisch substituierter N,N′-Dialkyl-(Diaryl)ethandiamide A mit Bromdimethylboran untersucht. Die Reaktion im Molverhältnis 1 : 2 führt zu 2,6-Dioxonia-4,8-diaza-3,7-diboratabicyclo[3.3.0]octanen 1a - j, N,N′-Bis(dimethylboryl)-N,N′-diorganylethandiamiden 4a, b und den Gleichgewichtsmischungen 3a - d. Als Nebenprodukte treten 2-Oxonia-4-oxa-6-azonia-8-aza-3,7-diboratabicyclo[3.3.0]octane 2a - j auf. Bei der Umsetzung von N,N′-Diorganylethandiamiden mit Bromdimethylboran im Molverhältnis 1 : 1 erhält man die 1-Oxonia-3-aza-2-boratacyclopentan-4-on-Derivate 5a - e, N-(Dimethylboryl)-N,N′-diorganylethandiamide 6a - c, Gleichgewichtsmischungen 7a - d und 5-(Alkylamino)-4-(alkylimonio)-2,2-dimethyl-1-oxonia-3-oxa-2-boratacyclopenta n-bromide 8a - h. Für 1a, 5a, e und 8 b wurden Röntgenstrukturanalysen durchgeführt.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 116 (1983), S. 416-423 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: 4-Chloro-1,2,3,5-dithiadiazolium SaltsThe synthesis of 4-chloro-1,2,3,5-dithiadiazolium chloride (9) from SCI2 and either N-cyanosulfur difluoride imide (8) or bis(trimethylsilyl)carbodiimide (12) is described. The analogous dibromide 13 is formed from S2Br2 and 8. The ionic chlorine in 9 may easily be exchanged with the help of silver salts, acids, and Lewis acids yielding ClCN2S2+A- (9a-d, A- = AsF6-, SbCl6-. ½SnCl62-, SO3-). The crystal structure of the hexafluoroarsenate 9a has been determined.
    Notes: Die Synthese von 4-Chlor-1,2,3,5-dithiadiazolium-chlorid (9) aus N-Cyanoschwefeldifluoridimid (8) bzw. aus Bis(trimethylsilyl)carbodiimid (12) und SCI2 wird beschrieben. Das zu 9 analoge Dibromid 13 entsteht aus 8 und S2Br2. Mit Hilfe von Silbersalzen, Säuren und Lewis-Säuren läßt sich das ionisch gebundene Chlor in 9 leicht austauschen unter Bildung von CICN2S2+A- (9a-d, A- = AsF6-, SbCl6-, ½SnCl62-, SO3F-). An dem Hexafluoroarsenat 9a wurde eine Kristallstrukturbestimmung durchgeführt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 116 (1983), S. 146-151 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Cyclisation of (Fluorsilyl)phosphanes to 1,3-Diphospha-2,4-disilacyclobutanes - Crystal Structure DeterminationsLithiated tert-butylphosphane reacts with di-tert-butyldifluorosilane and with difluorobis[methyl(trimethylsilyl)amino]silane to give the (fluorosilyl)phosphanes 1 and 2 as well as the (di-tert-butylsilanediyl)bisphosphane 3. The cyclic compounds 4 and 5 are obtained in the reaction of 1 and 2 with tert-C4H9Li. Dilithiated 3 reacts with dichlorophenylphosphane to form the 1,2,3-triphospha-4-silacyclobutane 6. According to crystal structure analyses, 4 and 5 contain planar Si2P2 rings with Si—P bonds between 224.1(1) and 228.0(1) pm.
    Notes: Lithiiertes tert-Butylphosphan reagiert mit Di-tert-butyldifluorsilan und Difluorbis[methyl(trimethylsilyl)amino]silan zu den (Fluorsilyl)phosphanen 1 und 2 sowie zum (Di-tert-butylsilandiyl)-bisphosphan 3. Die cyclischen Verbindungen 4 und 5 werden durch die Umsetzung von 1 und 2 mit tert-C4H9Li erhalten. Dilithiiertes 3 reagiert mit Dichlorphenylphosphan zum 1,2,3-Triphospha-4-silacyclobutan 6. Nach Kristallstrukturanalysen besitzen 4 und 5 jeweils planare Si2P2-Ringe mit Si—P-Bindungen zwischen 224.1(1) und 228.0(1) pm.
    Additional Material: 3 Tab.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 116 (1983), S. 1411-1414 
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Description / Table of Contents: Adduct of Tin Tetrachloride and Bis(trimethylsilyl)sulfur DiimideBoth (CH3)3SiNSO and (CH3)3SiN=S=NSi(CH3)3 react with SnCl4 to yield the 1 : 1 adduct (CH3)3SiN=S=NSi(CH3)3 · SnCl4 (1). An X-ray analysis shows that the sulfur diimide functions as a bidentate ligand. 1 crystallizes in the space group P21/m with unit-cell constants a = 663.7(1), b = 1998.9(3), c = 696.7(1) pm, and β = 94.18(2)°.
    Notes: Sowohl (CH3)3SiNSO als auch (CH3)3SiN=S=NSi(CH3)3 reagieren mit SnCl4 unter Bildung des 1 : 1-Adduktes (CH3)3SiN=S=NSi(CH3)3 · SnCl4 (1). Eine Einkristallröntgenstrukturanalyse zeigt, daß das Schwefeldiimid als zweizähniger Ligand fungiert. 1 kristallisiert in der Raumgruppe P21/m mit den Zellkonstanten a = 663.7(1), b = 1998.9(3), c = 696.7(1) pm und β = 94.18(2)°.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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